Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 2 nd, Guangming Daily signed an article on March 3 rd: Pioneering forward from continuing the blood of national culture — — The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, with the Supreme Leader as the General Secretary, draws ideas and wisdom from Chinese traditional culture to govern the country.

　　Guangming Daily reporter Cai Chuang, Liu Wenjia, Luo Ronghai

　　On the eve of New Year’s Day in 2015, Yu Jianfu, a professor at the National School of Education Administration who watched the New Year message from the Supreme Leader in front of the TV, found a detail: "The General Secretary spoke in the office, and there was a book entitled" The Collection of Books "in a prominent position on his bookshelf."

　　Wei Zhi, Yu Shinan and Chu Liang, famous admonishers in the early Tang Dynasty, visited the Six Classics, the Four Histories and hundred schools of thought, and selected and edited them. In Jianfu’s view, this book, which appeared inadvertently, is a symbol of the party and state leaders’ "excavating contemporary value from classics".

　　See the micro and know it.

　　More and more people find that the "creative transformation and innovative development" of traditional culture is gradually being integrated into the thinking of the Party Central Committee in governing the country; The CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the general secretary has formed a ruling discourse system with China characteristics, China style and China style.

　　World mind, China feelings, historical vision and spirit of the times — — The CPC Central Committee, with the Supreme Leader as the general secretary, is leading the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country to trace the origin of the national spirit, forge a new path of advancing with the times, and forge ahead from the continuation of the blood of national culture.

　　From "Three Uniqueness" to "Four Clarities"

　　— — "We should handle the relationship between inheritance and creative development, focusing on creative transformation and innovative development."

　　Although Zhou was an old state, his life was reformed.

　　The 5,000-year-old culture has cultivated the unique thoughts, values, aesthetics, political situation and folk customs of the Chinese nation. How to develop it has always been an urgent proposition in contemporary China. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee, with the Supreme Leader as the general secretary, has viewed traditional culture from the depth of the deepest spiritual pursuit of the Chinese nation, inherited traditional culture from the height of national strategic resources, developed traditional culture in the sense of seeking the road of modernization of the Chinese nation, and formed systematic methods and theories.

　　On August 19th, 2013, the National Conference on Propaganda and Ideological Work was held in Beijing. In his speech, the Supreme Leader pointed out that "to publicize and explain the characteristics of China, it is necessary to make it clear that each country and nation has different historical traditions, cultural accumulation and basic national conditions, and its development path must have its own characteristics; It is clear that Chinese culture embodies the deepest spiritual pursuit of the Chinese nation and is a rich nourishment for the Chinese nation’s endless development and growth; It is the outstanding advantage of the Chinese nation and our deepest cultural soft power to explain clearly the excellent Chinese traditional culture; It is clear that Socialism with Chinese characteristics is rooted in the fertile soil of Chinese culture, reflects the wishes of the China people, and adapts to the development and progress of China and the times. It has a profound historical origin and a broad realistic foundation. " He emphasized: "The unique cultural tradition, unique historical destiny and unique basic national conditions doomed us to take the development path suitable for our own characteristics."

　　On February 24, 2014, in view of the methods of inheriting and developing traditional culture today, when he presided over the thirteenth collective study in the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, he said: "We should handle the relationship between inheritance and creative development, focusing on creative transformation and innovative development."

　　"Two Innovations", "Three Uniqueness" and "Four Clarities" are concise but rich in connotation, forming a methodology of inheriting, developing and creatively applying excellent traditional culture. Guided by Marxism, the classic culture with China characteristics shapes the spirit of the times and promotes social development, which has become an important part of the Party Central Committee’s governance of the country — —

　　The philosophy of nature and harmony between man and nature is integrated with the green development ideas represented by "new five modernizations" and "five concepts";

　　The spirit of innovation, innovation and keeping pace with the times nourishes the theory and practice of comprehensively deepening reform and comprehensively promoting the rule of law;

　　The idea of governing by virtue, being clean and honest in politics, being frugal and self-disciplined, and refraining from luxury enriches the connotation of "strictly administering the party in an all-round way" and building a clean and honest party style;

　　The wisdom of seeking common ground while reserving differences, being harmonious but different, and living in harmony shows the China style of "harmony, harmony and peace" and promotes the formation of a "community of human destiny".

　　When studying heaven and man, we can understand the changes of ancient and modern times.

　　With creative transformation and innovative development as the method and the Chinese nation’s great rejuvenation of the Chinese dream as the goal, the Party Central Committee’s governance of the country is widely absorbing the ideological essence of China’s traditional culture, and exploring a big pattern and atmosphere of taking the essence from the profound tradition, consolidating the foundation and opening up a new one.

　　From a value to a dream

　　— — "We should strive to draw nutrition and wisdom from the excellent traditional culture formed and accumulated by the Chinese nation from generation to generation, continue the cultural genes, extract the essence of ideas and show spiritual charm."

　　"Only by persisting in moving from history to the future and forging ahead from the continuation of national culture, can we do a good job in today’s cause."

　　On September 24th, 2014, at the International Symposium to Commemorate the 2565th Anniversary of Confucius’ Birth and the Fifth General Meeting of international confucian association, the Supreme Leader’s Speech hit the floor.

　　This is both an idea and a practice. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC), by combing and reorganizing China’s traditional culture, our party has guided the construction of contemporary ideological culture with Marxist vision, methods and viewpoints, organically combined China’s traditional culture with the red gene, and put forward socialist core values with both the spirit of the times and traditional origins, which has continuously enhanced the cohesion and centripetal force of the Chinese nation and consolidated the ideological foundation for the people of China to pursue the Chinese dream of great rejuvenation.

　　On February 24th, 2014, the 13th collective study in the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, the Supreme Leader emphasized that we should earnestly absorb the ideological essence and moral essence of Chinese excellent traditional culture, vigorously carry forward the national spirit with patriotism as the core and the spirit of the times with reform and innovation as the core, and deeply explore and expound the times values of Chinese excellent traditional culture, such as caring for the people, keeping honesty, worshiping justice, seeking harmony and seeking great harmony, so as to make Chinese excellent traditional culture an important source of cultivating socialist core values.

　　On December 30, 2015, the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee held the 29th collective study. The Supreme Leader once again stressed that to carry forward the spirit of patriotism, we must respect and inherit the history and culture of the Chinese nation. Understanding and accepting the long history and profound culture of the motherland is an important condition for the cultivation and development of people’s patriotic feelings. Chinese excellent traditional culture is the spiritual lifeline of the Chinese nation. We should strive to draw nutrition and wisdom from the excellent traditional culture formed and accumulated by the Chinese nation from generation to generation, continue the cultural genes, extract the essence of ideas and show spiritual charm.

　　In addition, during the May 4th Youth Day in 2014, when talking with Peking University, he also vividly explained the core values in plain language — — "Core values are actually a kind of virtue, which is not only a personal virtue, but also a great virtue, that is, a national virtue and a social virtue. The country is not prosperous without virtue, and people are not established without virtue. "

　　"The elders who seek wood must consolidate their roots; Those who want to flow far away must dig their fountains. " The creative application of excellent traditional culture, the constant interpretation of socialist core values, the spring breeze melts rain and moistens things silently, and gradually plays the role of a civilized person:

　　— — Traditions such as cultivating qi and leveling the peace, respecting the time and keeping the position, knowing what is often and changing things, and opening things up have strengthened the public order and good customs in China society; The concepts of benevolence, people-oriented, honesty, justice, harmony and seeking great harmony have become the value forces of the people of all ethnic groups in China to unite and forge ahead.

　　— — Clean government culture, self-cultivation wisdom, awe spirit, cautious independence consciousness and people-oriented thought are introduced into the work of building a clean and honest party style; Paying attention to family construction, family, family education and family style has become an important starting point for rectifying the party style, changing the people’s customs and building a new style; Being sincere and righteous, holding a ruler, being in awe, and stopping doing something have become the consciousness of self-cultivation of cadres in party member.

　　From the "eight regulations" to the party’s mass line education practice activities, and then to the "three strictness and three realities" special education, the supreme leader quoted the warning language of China’s ancient teachings: "The beginning of extravagance, the gradual decline of danger" conveyed the party’s will to manage the party and strictly manage the party; "If you don’t care about fine deeds, you will eventually become great virtue" emphasizes the significance of being cautious and holding a ruler; "Those who are selfish are chaotic, and those who are ruled by law are determined to be accountable and disciplined"; "Those who know the house leaks are in the world, and those who know the politics lose are in the grass" reaffirms the purpose of relying on and for the masses … …

　　These have not only enriched the experience of strictly administering the party in an all-round way, but also become a new exploration to promote the folk customs and social style with the party style and political style, and become the annotation of the times that "morality is prosperous and politics is bright".

　　Value can form strength, and strength can pursue dreams. A nation with a long history of civilization is marching towards the future of "I will mount a long wind some day and break the heavy waves".

　　From "One Family in the World" to "Community of Human Destiny"

　　— — "Let China’s excellent traditional culture benefit mankind together with the excellent cultures of other countries."

　　From the pre-Qin to the present, Chinese’s concept of "one family under the sun" has a long history.

　　In December 2015, the second world internet conference was held in Wuzhen, China. Facing the guests from all over the world, the Chairman of the Supreme Leader proposed the initiative of "Building a Community of Cyberspace Destiny". In his speech, he sincerely revealed that he was "very willing to use ‘ Community of Destiny ’ This word ".

　　In fact, since the report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 2012, it was first put forward that "the sense of community of human destiny should be advocated", and the supreme leader took the concept of "community of destiny" wherever he went. From proposing to build a China-ASEAN community of destiny in the Indonesian Parliament in 2013, to calling for efforts to build a community of destiny hand in hand at the China-Latin American and Caribbean leaders’ meeting in 2014, to proposing to move towards a community of destiny at the Boao Forum for Asia in 2015 to create a new future in Asia, and then to proposing "building a community of human destiny with one heart" when attending the 70th UN General Assembly, the top leaders have talked about "community of destiny" for more than a hundred times on different occasions, eagerly conveying "Let China be excellent".

　　Mou Zhongjian, vice-president of international confucian association and a famous scientist, pointed out in the article "Community: Human Destiny, China Experience" that the Chinese national community has a long history and strong ties, which are unique among several major civilized communities in the world. "China’s historical experience and realistic achievements can provide a series of important wisdom for building a community of human destiny." Mou Zhongjian believes that it is especially necessary to pay attention to China’s wisdom, such as the universal feelings of "the unity of heaven and man", the human feelings of "the world is one" and the coordinated wisdom of "the way of neutralization".

　　In the era of economic globalization in which "the voice of chickens and dogs hears each other", you and I have you. Only when all countries in the world work together to build a community of destiny can human beings have the opportunity to join hands in a brand-new future. China, as an advocate and leader, shows the great power spirit and culture of a country of propriety and righteousness for 5,000 years.

　　"The use of courtesy, harmony is precious."

　　Peace is China’s first impression to the world and the first law of the community of human destiny. "The Chinese nation is a peace-loving nation. The deepest spiritual pursuit of a nation must be sequenced in its national spirit passed down from generation to generation. The Chinese civilization with a history of more than 5,000 years has always advocated peace. The pursuit of peace, harmony and harmony is deeply rooted in the spiritual world of the Chinese nation and deeply melted into the blood of the people of China. " In the Kohlberg Foundation in Germany, the supreme leader defined peace, harmony and harmony as the deepest spiritual pursuit of the Chinese nation.

　　"China doesn’t agree with ‘ A strong country will dominate ’ The old logic of ""there is no &lsquo in the world; Thucydides Trap ’ " "As long as we uphold the spirit of tolerance, there is nothing ‘ Clash of civilizations ’ Civilization and harmony can be achieved. ""The lion of China has woken up, but it is a peaceful, amiable and civilized lion "… … Pursuing the spirit of peace, harmony and harmony, the propositions that have puzzled the western world for hundreds of years have been cleared up by the supreme leader with China’s wisdom.

　　"The combination is strong, and the loneliness is weak."

　　In November, 2014, on the bank of Yanqi Lake in Beijing, the Supreme Leader expressed his expectation of "strengthening cooperation, spreading wings in Qi Fei, and writing a new vision for Asia-Pacific development" with a Tang poem, "The wind turns white and a thousand waves, and the geese point to the sky."

　　In 2013, the supreme leader put forward the "Belt and Road Initiative" with a strategic vision of linking the past and the present, which received great attention from the international community. Thousands of years ago, our ancestors "rushed to the post in the desert Gobi, and never stopped at the time and the moon". In the sea of Wang Yang, "Yun Fan is high and the stars are shining day and night". At present, the "Belt and Road" connects the beautiful dreams of people from all countries along the route. This road of win-win cooperation from the depths of history has been actively responded and participated by more than 60 countries and international organizations.

　　In January 2016, the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank officially opened, and representatives from 57 countries gathered together to participate in the grand event. At the opening ceremony, the Supreme Leader said: "China’s open door will never be closed, and all countries are welcome to take the ‘ developed by China; Ride ’ 。”

　　"It’s good for the world to plan profits." As a new path and platform for building a community of human destiny, the Belt and Road Initiative and the AIIB can be regarded as a model of China’s "harmony" culture.

　　Vast and boundless, sail but believe in the wind.

　　The 5,000-year-long Chinese civilization has been condensed in the moment when the ideal society pursued by the Chinese nation since ancient times has been fully built. The ancient Chinese civilization is returning to the center of the world stage with a brand-new spirit and outstanding oriental wisdom.

　　CCTV News:According to the website of the Supreme Law, on November 25th, the Supreme Law released 10 typical cases of judicial protection of ecological environment in the Yellow River Basin.

　　A, Liu Xuanlong, Zhang Jianjun and other fifteen people illegal felling of trees.

　　2. Ma Gawen’s case of illegally purchasing, transporting and selling precious and endangered wildlife products.

　　Three, Chen Weiqiang, Dong Weishi and other cases of robbing ancient tombs

　　Four, buy self-improvement and other six cases of environmental pollution.

　　V. Puyang People’s Procuratorate v. Shandong Juye Jinchen Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. and other environmental civil public interest litigation cases.

　　Six, Xinxiang City Bureau of Ecological Environment and fengqiu county Longrun Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. Judicial confirmation case of compensation for ecological environment damage.

　　7. Jinan New Age Family Farm Co., Ltd. v. Que Shandong Community Residents Committee, Luokou Sub-district Office, tianqiao district City, Jinan City, etc.

　　VIII. luqu People’s Procuratorate v. luqu Water and Electricity Bureau (Administrative Public Interest Litigation).

　　9. Lingbao Yuxiang Aquaculture Co., Ltd. v. Sanmenxia Urban-Rural Integration Demonstration Zone Management Committee and Dawang Town People’s Government of lingbao city for forced demolition.

　　X. People’s Procuratorate of Huinong District of Shizuishan City v. Agricultural and Rural Affairs Bureau and Water Affairs Bureau of Huinong District of Shizuishan City.

　　A, Liu Xuanlong, Zhang Jianjun and other fifteen people illegal felling of trees.

　　[Basic case]

　　From May 2016 to September 2017, fifteen defendants, including Liu Xuanlong and Zhang Jianjun, committed criminal acts such as illegal logging of cypress trees and illegal digging of cypress roots for profit in Lianjialian forest area in the hinterland of Ziwuling. Defendants Liu Xuanlong and Wang Wenxi successively felled 66 cypress trees, with a combined timber volume of 9.7709 cubic meters; Defendant Zhang Jianjun and other eight people have stolen cypress roots 40 times, with a total value of 1,163,600 yuan; Defendant Yuan Jianping helped transfer cypress roots stolen by others for 11 times, with a total value of 320,400 yuan; Defendants Ding Shenbao and Qi Dengyun successively purchased cypress roots stolen by others for 7 times, with a total value of 200,400 yuan.

　　[Referee’s result]

　　The Ziwuling Forest District Court of Gansu Province held in the first instance that the actions of 15 defendants, including Liu Xuanlong and Zhang Jianjun, constituted the crime of illegal logging, theft, covering up and concealing the crime, etc., and were sentenced to six months to eight years in prison and suspended for one year to three years and six months, respectively, and fined 2,000 yuan to 30,000 yuan. After the judgment of the first instance, the defendants did not appeal.

　　[Typical meaning]

　　This case is a criminal case of serious damage to biological resources and water and soil resources caused by illegal logging. Ziwuling is known as the "gene bank" of natural species on the Loess Plateau. Ziwuling forest region is the largest natural secondary forest region in the central part of the Loess Plateau and an important forest region for water conservation and soil and water conservation in the Yellow River Basin. The forest resources in this region are of great significance for stabilizing the water quality and quantity of the Yellow River, maintaining soil and water stability and maintaining biodiversity. Illegal felling of trees is a criminal act that seriously damages the ecological resources of forest areas. The public hearing of this case has effectively cracked down on the criminal acts of destroying forest resources, severely punished criminals, enhanced the public’s understanding of the importance of forest ecological environment, and stimulated the public’s sense of responsibility in protecting forest ecological environment resources.

　　2. Ma Gawen’s case of illegally purchasing, transporting and selling precious and endangered wildlife products.

　　[Basic case]

　　In July 2018, the defendant Ma Maowen reported that his rental house was stolen. Because the stolen items were suspected to be precious and endangered wild animals and their products, the public security organs found many wild animal products in Ma Maowen’s residence, and also seized many wild animal products in the hands of the suspects who stole Ma Maowen’s residence. After identification, the wild animal products involved in the case were not only 7 red deer whips and 5 red deer antler legally purchased by the defendant Ma Jinwen, but also 16 bear paws, 6 deer whips, 52 deer tendons, 7 deer tails, 7 musk, 1 snow leopard skin, 1 antler, 1 sheep head, 1 small bag of venison, 2 wolf heads and other wild animal products illegally purchased by the defendant Ma Jinwen.

　　[Referee’s result]

　　The People’s Court of Yushu City, Qinghai Province held in the first instance that the defendant Ma Jinwen violated the national regulations on the protection of wildlife resources, knowing that snow leopard, white-lipped deer, forest musk deer, red deer, argali and brown bear were national key protected wild animals, and the act of purchasing, transporting and selling constituted the crime of illegally purchasing, transporting and selling precious and endangered wildlife products, and sentenced the defendant Ma Jinwen to 10 years’ imprisonment. Except for the part of the wildlife products legally purchased by the defendant, the remaining wildlife products shall be confiscated according to law. After the judgment of the first instance, the defendant did not appeal.

　　[Typical meaning]

　　This case is a criminal case caused by illegal acquisition, transportation and sale of precious and endangered wildlife products. No business, no killing. As the hinterland of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Sanjiangyuan region is rich in wildlife resources, and illegal management of wildlife resources occurs from time to time. Driven by illegal trading interests, it further leads to frequent hunting and killing of precious and endangered wildlife, endangering the biodiversity of wildlife resources and the balance and stability of ecosystems. There are many kinds of wild animals involved in this case, which are of great value. The trial of the case has shocked the illegal management of wild animal resources in Sanjiangyuan area, and demonstrated the court’s determination to severely punish the trade of illegal wild animals and their products, providing a strong judicial guarantee for maintaining biodiversity and ecological balance and promoting the construction of ecological civilization.

　　Three, Chen Weiqiang, Dong Weishi and other cases of robbing ancient tombs

　　[Basic case]

　　From August 2017 to April 2018, the defendants Chen Weiqiang, Dong Weishi and others carried out the act of excavating ancient tombs in Ruicheng County, and the tombs were buried in the protection scope of the national key cultural relics protection unit "Ancient Weicheng Site". Defendants Chen Weiqiang and Dong Weishi stole more than 20 pieces of bronze tripod, bronze cup, bronze grain, bronze plate, bronze ware and bronze fittings, of which one bronze grain was sold at a price of 400,000 yuan and one bronze plate was sold at a price of 220,000 yuan. Appraised by Shanxi Cultural Relics Exchange Center, the tombs that were robbed were all two-week tombs, and the theft of tombs caused the destruction of the original tomb structure and the lack of remains, which caused irreparable losses to the study of history and culture in the past two weeks. The bronze plate involved has been recovered and identified as a first-class cultural relic by Shanxi Provincial Cultural Relics Appraisal Station. During the period when the defendants Chen Weiqiang and Dong Weishi were chased by the Internet for the crime of stealing ancient tombs, the defendants Chen Guowei and others knew that Chen Weiqiang and Dong Weishi were suspected of committing crimes and sent them to Sichuan in order to escape the judicial authorities.

　　[Referee’s result]

　　The People’s Court of Ruicheng County, Shanxi Province held in the first instance that the defendants Chen Weiqiang and Dong Weishi, without the approval of the competent department of cultural relics, had privately excavated ancient tombs within the protection scope of the national key cultural relics protection unit "Ancient Weicheng Site" for many times, resulting in the destruction of the original tomb structure and the lack of remaining cultural relics. The actions of the two defendants constituted the crime of stealing ancient tombs. The court of first instance convicted the defendants Chen Weiqiang and Dong Weishi of stealing ancient tombs, and sentenced them to 12 years, 9 months and 13 years’ imprisonment respectively, and fined them 200,000 yuan, and recovered their illegal income of 140,000 yuan. The actions of the defendants Chen Guowei and others all constituted the crime of harboring, and they were sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment ranging from six months to suspended criminal detention. The Intermediate People’s Court of Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province upheld the original judgment in the second instance.

　　[Typical meaning]

　　This case is a criminal case of stealing ancient tombs. The case involved in the tomb robbery is located within the protection scope of the ancient Weicheng site in Ruicheng, Shanxi Province, and belongs to the cultural sites in the Yellow River Basin. There are a large number of ancient cultural sites and ancient tombs in the sites from the late Western Zhou Dynasty to the early Spring and Autumn Period, which are the testimony of the regional culture and history of the ancient Wei State in the Yellow River basin and have important protection value. The judgment in this case combines the protection level, the frequency of excavation, the level of excavation of cultural relics, and the harmful consequences of excavation on the original tomb structure and the lack of cultural relics, and severely punishes according to law, which reflects the determination of the people’s court to severely crack down on the destruction of ancient cultural sites and ancient tombs and the judicial orientation of promoting the protection and inheritance of the Yellow River cultural heritage system. At the same time, this case severely punishes those who help grave robbers evade legal responsibility, which plays an educational and guiding role in raising the public’s awareness of cultural relics protection.

　　Four, buy self-improvement and other six cases of environmental pollution.

　　[Basic case]

　　On January 4, 2019, the defendant bought Ziqiang to arrange for the defendants Shang Xiaofeng, Jia Jianli, Wang Mengguang and Gao Jinming to add chromium powder to the dyeing and processing of sheepskin in the dyeing workshop of the defendant Yang Yuli in Nanzhuang Town, Mengzhou, and directly discharge the generated wastewater into the public drainage ditch in Sangpo Village without treatment. Yang Yuli, the defendant, knew that his sheepskin dyeing workshop did not have the conditions to dispose of chromium solution, but still rented his workshop to Buyziqiang for sheepskin dyeing and processing, and charged a fee. It was identified that the chromium content in the wastewater discharged from the outlet of Yang Yuli’s dyeing workshop was 23.1mg/L, which was more than three times the national standard, and it was a serious environmental pollution.

　　[Referee’s result]

　　The People’s Court of mengzhou city, Henan Province, held in the first instance that six defendants, including Buy Ziqiang, violated state regulations, and the total chromium content of wastewater discharged to the outside world exceeded the national standard by more than three times, which seriously polluted the environment and constituted a crime of environmental pollution. Because the activities of the defendants Buy Ziqiang, Shang Xiaofeng and Yang Yuli have direct harm to the environment, a prohibition order was issued to the defendant to prohibit him from engaging in business activities related to sewage discharge during the probation period. The court of first instance sentenced the defendant to 10 months’ imprisonment, suspended sentence ranging from one year to seven months’ imprisonment and suspended sentence ranging from one year to one year for the crime of polluting the environment, and fined him. It is forbidden for the defendants to buy Ziqiang, Shang Xiaofeng and Yang Yuli to engage in business activities related to sewage discharge during the probation period. After the judgment of the first instance, the defendants did not appeal.

　　[Typical meaning]

　　This case is a criminal case of environmental pollution. Mengzhou city is the starting point of the "0 km on the left bank" of the Yellow River’s long dike, and the first city where the Yellow River flows out of the mountainous area and enters the plain. Nanzhuang Town, Mengzhou is the largest sheepskin processing and production base in Asia. Due to the special requirements of production technology, there is a great risk of water pollution in the local area, which poses a serious threat to the water protection in Mengzhou section of the Yellow River Basin. In this case, the environmental protection injunction was applied to the defendant of environmental pollution crime according to law, and the three defendants were forbidden to engage in business activities related to sewage discharge during the probation period, which advanced the stage of ecological environmental protection beforehand, which reflected the principle of putting prevention first in the trial of environmental resources and avoided the recurrence of ecological environmental damage.

　　V. Puyang People’s Procuratorate v. Shandong Juye Jinchen Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. and other environmental civil public interest litigation cases.

　　[Basic case]

　　From October 2015 to February 2016, Shandong Juye Jinchen Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Juye Company) and Henan Jingzhong Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Jingzhong Company) handed over the industrial acid-containing wastewater generated in the production process to Kou Zhonghan, Kou Ziwei and others who were not qualified for disposal. Later, Kou Zhonghan and Kou Ziwei contacted Jin Xuejian and others to pass the industrial acid-containing wastewater through Fan County Sewage Treatment Plant where Jin Xuejian was located. After identification, industrial acid-containing wastewater belongs to the "HW34 waste acid" hazardous waste in the National Hazardous Waste List. Fanxian Sewage Treatment Plant does not have the ability to treat the above industrial acid-containing wastewater, and the dangerous substances in the wastewater are discharged into Jindi River, a tributary of the Yellow River, causing serious pollution to Jindi River. According to the evaluation of Henan Ecological Environmental Damage Judicial Appraisal Center, the amount of surface water environmental damage caused by illegal dumping of hazardous waste by Juye Company is 3.58 million yuan, the amount of environmental pollution property damage is 110,000 yuan, and the emergency disposal fee is 890,000 yuan. The amount of surface water environmental damage caused by the illegal dumping of hazardous waste by Jingzhong Company is 1.75 million yuan, the amount of environmental pollution property damage is 50,000 yuan, and the emergency disposal fee is 430,000 yuan.

　　[Referee’s result]

　　Some of the subjects involved in this case have been investigated for criminal responsibility in another case because they constitute a criminal offence. During the trial of this case, the parties voluntarily reached a mediation agreement under the mediation of the Intermediate People’s Court of Puyang City, Henan Province: (1) Juye Company paid 4.59 million yuan and 3.58 million yuan in governance fees in two phases, and Jingzhong Company paid 2.24 million yuan and 1.75 million yuan in governance fees in two phases; (II) Within two years from the effective date of the mediation agreement, if the two defendants can treat the sewage generated in the production process through technical transformation, which obviously reduces the environmental risk, and after the third party’s evaluation, the sewage generated within two years meets the discharge standards, and they have not been punished for environmental violations within two years, the technical transformation expenses paid after the agreement takes effect can apply to the Puyang Municipal People’s Procuratorate and the Puyang Intermediate People’s Court for deduction of the second phase payable, and the technical transformation expenses paid by the two defendants are equal to or greater than the second phase payable. (3) The two defendants may apply to Puyang Municipal People’s Procuratorate and Puyang Intermediate People’s Court for the deduction of the corresponding amount of the second-phase payment for the premium of environmental pollution liability insurance; (4) The two defendants publicly apologized to the public for their environmental pollution behavior in the national media within 30 days from the effective date of the mediation.

　　[Typical meaning]

　　This case is an environmental civil public interest litigation case filed by the procuratorial organ after the criminal case against the illegal act of illegally dumping industrial wastewater across provinces to pollute the main tributaries of the Yellow River and seriously endanger the water safety of the Yellow River Basin. In this case, considering the actual difficulties of the enterprise, the defendant paid the compensation by stages, paid part of the expenses of environmental treatment and restoration, property loss and emergency disposal in advance, and actively carried out technological transformation of the enterprise to improve the technical ability of the enterprise to prevent environmental pollution accidents, and offset the second phase of environmental treatment and restoration expenses with technological transformation funds, which not only restored the ecological environment to the maximum extent, but also actively helped the enterprise to make a green transformation. This case also explores the way to bear the responsibility of the chemical enterprises involved to purchase environmental liability insurance to offset the cost of environmental restoration and governance. At present, environmental liability insurance is not compulsory insurance for chemical enterprises. By purchasing this kind of insurance, once an environmental pollution accident occurs, the ability of high-risk chemical enterprises to repair the ecological environment will be greatly enhanced and the ecological environment safety will be maintained to the maximum extent. Puyang, located at the junction of Henan, Shandong and Hebei provinces, is an important chemical base in China. The defendant’s illegal dumping of industrial wastewater polluted Jindi River, an important tributary of the Yellow River. After the relevant personnel were investigated for criminal responsibility according to law, the procuratorate filed a civil public interest lawsuit, which realized the effective connection between criminal attack and civil compensation and ensured the timely restoration of the damaged ecological environment.

　　Six, Xinxiang City Bureau of Ecological Environment and fengqiu county Longrun Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. Judicial confirmation case of compensation for ecological environment damage.

　　[Basic case]

　　From January 4, 2018 to May 23, 2019, fengqiu county Longrun Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Longrun Company) violated the law and dumped more than 2,000 tons of chemical waste liquid (identified as hazardous waste) into the main channel of the Fengqiu section of the Yellow River by qualified personnel without hazardous waste treatment, which caused great harm to the ecosystem and public health of the Yellow River. It was tried by Zhengzhou Railway Transportation Intermediate Court and was polluted on September 25, 2020. Under the active promotion of Zhengzhou Railway Transportation Intermediate Court, Xinxiang City Ecological Environment Bureau and Longrun Company negotiated several times on the compensation for ecological environment damage, and reached the Agreement on Compensation for Ecological Environment Damage: (1) Longrun Company bears the ecological environment damage fee, appraisal fee, experts and other expenses of 10,291,717 yuan; (two) take money as the main way, supplemented by other ways to bear the liability for compensation, and pay the ecological damage compensation in three installments (years); (3) Longrun Company’s capital investment in technological upgrading and transformation to reduce environmental pollution may apply to the ecological environment department for a capital award to offset part of the compensation expenses for ecological environment damage; (4) If Longrun Company refuses to perform or fails to perform in full, Xinxiang Ecological Environment Bureau has the right to apply to the court for enforcement. After the agreement is reached, both parties apply to Zhengzhou Railway Transport Intermediate Court for judicial confirmation.

　　[Referee’s result]

　　After accepting the application for judicial confirmation, Zhengzhou Railway Transport Intermediate Court found that the agreement reached by the applicant met the conditions of judicial confirmation and ruled that the agreement was valid. If Longrun Company refuses to perform or fails to fully perform the agreement, Xinxiang Ecological Environment Bureau may apply to the court for enforcement. After the judicial confirmation of the compensation agreement, the first batch of compensation of 1,587,515 yuan has been paid in place.

　　[Typical meaning]

　　This case is a judicial confirmation case of compensation for ecological environment damage caused by dumping industrial waste liquid into the main channel of Fengqiu section of the Yellow River. During the trial of this case, the people’s court actively practiced the concept of green development, extended the trial function of environmental resources, played an active role in the compensation for ecological environment damage, and promoted enterprises to actively fulfill the main responsibility of ecological environment. At the same time, the people’s court fully considered the present situation of the enterprise’s operation and confirmed the flexible way of assuming the liability for compensation in the agreement. Under the impetus of the people’s court, the two sides reached an agreement to pay compensation by three years. By encouraging enterprises to offset the cost of environmental restoration with technical renovation funds, they promoted the transformation and upgrading of enterprises, improved their technical ability to prevent environmental pollution accidents, and thus realized the protection of the ecological environment in the Yellow River Basin.

　　7. Jinan New Age Family Farm Co., Ltd. v. Que Shandong Community Residents Committee, Luokou Sub-district Office, tianqiao district City, Jinan City, etc.

　　[Basic case]

　　In February 2018, Que Shandong Community Residents Committee of tianqiao district Luokou Sub-district Office of Jinan City (hereinafter referred to as the neighborhood committee), Que Hua Yanyu Ecological Agriculture Tourism Professional Cooperative of Jinan City (hereinafter referred to as the cooperative) and Jinan New Age Family Farm Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as the farm company) signed a land contract, and contracted out about 176 mu of land in Que Shandong Community of tianqiao district City, Jinan City, which the cooperative enjoyed the right to operate. The term is 30 years, and the contract fee is 1000 yuan per mu per year. The farm company builds 267 ecological agricultural greenhouses and supporting houses, and after renting them, it pays 2,000 yuan to the professional cooperatives as a cooperative benefit. After the contract was signed, the cooperative handed over the land involved to the farm company, and the farm company built a mixed mortar and mixed water brick wall, a steel frame structure greenhouse and a brick-concrete structure management room on the land involved. On May 24, 2018, the law enforcement department of Jinan Yellow River Bureau made an administrative penalty decision to the farm company, and made an administrative penalty on the grounds that the farm company built a brick-concrete structure management room within the management scope of the Yellow River, which affected the flood discharge of the river. On January 9, 2019, the farm company appealed to the People’s Court of tianqiao district City, Jinan City, requesting to confirm that the contracted management contract of the land involved was invalid, and the neighborhood committees and cooperatives returned the rent they had paid before and compensated them for economic losses of 800,000 yuan.

　　[Referee’s result]

　　The people’s court of tianqiao district City, Jinan City, Shandong Province ruled in the first instance that the land contract between the two parties was terminated; The farm company will restore the contracted land to its original state and return it to the cooperative within 30 days after the judgment takes effect; Neighborhood committees and cooperatives jointly returned the farm company rent of 450,000 yuan and compensated the farm company for losses of 87,800 yuan. Jinan Intermediate People’s Court upheld the original judgment in the second instance. After the Shandong Higher People’s Court ordered a retrial, the Jinan Intermediate People’s Court made a retrial judgment: the land contract involved in the case was confirmed to be invalid, the farm company restored the land to its original state and returned it, the cooperative and the neighborhood Committee returned the rent of 800,000 yuan, and compensated the farm company for its economic loss of 87,800 yuan.

　　[Typical meaning]

　　This case is a case in which the land contract is invalid due to the construction of structures and buildings on the land in the Yellow River. In order to ensure the smooth flow of the Yellow River in flood season and avoid flooding, some areas on both sides of the Yellow River are designated as flood discharge areas by relevant laws in China. The second paragraph of Article 22 of the Flood Control Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) stipulates that it is forbidden to build buildings and structures that hinder flood discharge within the scope of river courses and lakes, dump garbage and muck, and engage in activities that affect the stability of river regime, endanger the safety of river banks and dikes and other activities that hinder flood discharge in river courses. The land in the land contract involved in the case is located within the management scope of the Yellow River. The parties agreed in the contract to build an eco-agricultural greenhouse and supporting management houses, and actually adopted a concrete-mixed brick wall and steel frame structure, which violated the above-mentioned prohibition provisions of the flood control law. According to Article 52 of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Contract Law at that time, the retrial court correctly identified the validity of the contract and reasonably shared the responsibilities of both parties, which has a good exemplary role in handling such cases.

　　VIII. luqu People’s Procuratorate v. luqu Water and Electricity Bureau (Administrative Public Interest Litigation).

　　[Basic case]

　　On August 28th, 2005, the Alashan Hydropower Station invested by Mingzhu Hydropower Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Mingzhu Company) in the upper reaches of Taohe River began to generate electricity and put into production. According to the principle of paid use of national resources and relevant regulations, Mingzhu Company, as a water user, should pay the water resource fee unconditionally, but the company failed to pay it. On April 18th, 2011, luqu Municipal People’s Government ordered the functional departments to recover the money, but luqu Water and Electricity Bureau failed to take effective enforcement actions. After luqu People’s Procuratorate issued a pre-litigation procuratorial proposal to urge it to perform its statutory duties, luqu Water and Electricity Bureau only issued corresponding law enforcement documents, but did not take corresponding law enforcement measures according to law, resulting in the continuous loss of state-owned assets. luqu People’s Procuratorate urged rectification to be ineffective, and the national interests were still being infringed. luqu People’s Procuratorate filed an administrative public interest lawsuit in this case.

　　[Referee’s result]

　　The People’s Court of Hezuo City, Gansu Province, held through trial that Pearl Company had not paid the water resource fee by the time the case was prosecuted. Although luqu Water and Electricity Bureau, as the water resource fee collection department, fulfilled its duties to a certain extent, it failed to take corresponding effective law enforcement measures and fully fulfilled its duties of punishment and collection, resulting in the national interests still being infringed. It is still necessary for luqu Water and Electricity Bureau to continue to perform its duties. It is decided that luqu Water and Electricity Bureau will continue to perform its statutory duties within 60 days after the judgment takes effect, and collect water resources fees from Mingzhu Company according to law. After the judgment of the first instance, neither party appealed.

　　[Typical meaning]

　　This case is an administrative public interest litigation case in which the procuratorial organ v. Water, Electricity and Water Bureau failed to fully perform the duty of penalty collection. Water resources belong to the state. There is a shortage of water resources in the Yellow River basin, and the people’s courts should establish the concept of strictly implementing the strictest water resources management system, implement the principle of paid use of water resources, promote the sustainable utilization of water resources, and ensure the sustainable development of economy and society. In this case, luqu Water and Electricity Bureau failed to fully perform its duties of punishment and collection, which led to the long-term violation of the national water resources rights and interests. According to law, the people’s court ordered the administrative organs to fully perform the statutory duties of water resources utilization supervision and collection for hydropower stations that have not paid water resources fees for a long time, urged the administrative organs to strictly implement the red line of water resources development and utilization control, and earnestly implemented the system of paid use of water resources, which played a supervisory and guiding role in water resources conservation, protection and rational development and utilization.

　　9. Lingbao Yuxiang Aquaculture Co., Ltd. v. Sanmenxia Urban-Rural Integration Demonstration Zone Management Committee and Dawang Town People’s Government of lingbao city for forced demolition.

　　[Basic case]

　　Lingbao Yuxiang Aquaculture Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Yuxiang Company) has independently expanded more than 100 mu of fish ponds beyond the area approved by its tidal flat aquaculture certificate, and its fish ponds and ancillary facilities are located in the core area or buffer zone of the Yellow River Wetland National Nature Reserve in Henan Province. After the expiration of the breeding certificate, the Dawang Town People’s Government of lingbao city (hereinafter referred to as Dawang Town Government) issued a rectification notice to Yuxiang Company, and then served a demolition notice to Yuxiang Company. The Agricultural and Rural Work Office of Sanmenxia Urban-Rural Integration Demonstration Zone (the internal organization of Sanmenxia Urban-Rural Integration Demonstration Zone Management Committee, hereinafter referred to as the Agricultural and Rural Work Office) also issued a notice to Yuxiang Company twice ordering it to stop the illegal activities of the Yellow River wetland, and dismantled its illegal buildings, structures and other facilities within the scope of the Yellow River wetland and river within a time limit. Yuxiang Company did not file an administrative reconsideration or administrative lawsuit against this notice. On May 26, 2019, the People’s Procuratorate of Shanzhou District of Sanmenxia City issued a procuratorial proposal to the Agricultural and Rural Office, suggesting that the illegal acts of Yuxiang Company be investigated and dealt with to protect the safety of the Yellow River wetland. On May 29, 2019, with the presence of the staff of the Agricultural and Rural Office and the consent of Yuxiang Company, Dawang Town Government entrusted relevant personnel to connect fish ponds, clean up construction waste and restore wetlands. Since then, Yuxiang Company has filed an administrative lawsuit, requesting to confirm that the Sanmenxia Urban-Rural Integration Demonstration Zone Management Committee and Dawang Town Government’s forced demolition of Yuxiang Company’s breeding facilities and other properties in May 2019 was illegal.

　　[Referee’s result]

　　After the Intermediate People’s Court of Sanmenxia City, Henan Province decided to reject Yuxiang Company’s claim, Yuxiang Company refused to accept the appeal. The Higher People’s Court of Henan Province held in the second instance that Yuxiang Company’s construction of fish ponds and ancillary facilities in the core area and buffer area of Henan Yellow River Wetland National Nature Reserve violated the provisions of Article 32 of the Regulations of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Nature Reserve and Article 25 of the Regulations of Henan Province on Wetland Protection, and its fish ponds and ancillary facilities should be demolished. In the process of ordering rectification and implementing demolition, the Agricultural and Rural Office and the Dawang Town Government fulfilled their relevant notification obligations, protected their procedural rights, and fully considered the actual situation of Yuxiang Company to minimize the losses of Yuxiang Company. The demolition was legal. Therefore, the appeal was dismissed and the original judgment was upheld.

　　[Typical meaning]

　　This case is a typical case in which the people’s court supports the local government to strengthen the protection of the Yellow River wetland. Henan Yellow River Wetland National Nature Reserve, covering an area of 680 square kilometers, spans Sanmenxia, Luoyang, Jiaozuo and Jiyuan production-city integration demonstration zone. It is one of the eight important wetlands in the Yellow River and plays an important supporting role in the ecological environment along the Yellow River in this region. However, for a long time, there are still illegal acts such as illegal occupation and illegal construction in the Yellow River wetland, which have seriously damaged the ecological environment of the Yellow River wetland and need to be rectified according to law. The process of law enforcement and litigation in this case reflects that the administrative organs, the procuratorial organs and the judicial organs have played their functional roles and cooperated with each other, and made a powerful combination boxing against the phenomena of civil strife, indiscriminate mining, littering and illegal construction in the Yellow River wetland, which has achieved good legal and social effects and provided a strong judicial guarantee for the continuous improvement of the ecological environment in the Yellow River Basin.

　　X. People’s Procuratorate of Huinong District of Shizuishan City v. Agricultural and Rural Affairs Bureau and Water Affairs Bureau of Huinong District of Shizuishan City.

　　[Basic case]

　　Since 2006, Wang Xiaohong and others have built farms on the Yellow River. Investigation by the People’s Procuratorate of Huinong District, Shizuishan City (hereinafter referred to as the Huinong District Procuratorate) found that the construction of the above-mentioned farms has not been approved by the relevant administrative departments, and it belongs to the disorderly construction of buildings and structures that hinder flood discharge within the scope of river management, which violates the national river management regulations and seriously affects the flood discharge and flood control safety of the Yellow River; The Agricultural, Rural and Water Affairs Bureau of Huinong District of Shizuishan City (hereinafter referred to as the Agricultural and Water Affairs Bureau of Huinong District) has failed to perform its supervisory duties in the above situation. In July 2019, the Huinong District Procuratorate issued a procuratorial proposal to the Huinong District Agriculture and Water Bureau. In November 2019, the Procuratorate of Huinong District filed an environmental administrative public interest lawsuit, requesting to confirm that the Agricultural and Water Bureau of Huinong District failed to perform its duties of river supervision according to law, and ordered the Agricultural and Water Bureau of Huinong District to perform its duties of supervision according to law and restore the land to its original state in time. On November 26, 2019, the procuratorate of Huinong District received a reply from the Agriculture and Water Bureau of Huinong District, and after on-the-spot inspection, it believed that the Agriculture and Water Bureau of Huinong District had fulfilled its statutory supervisory duties on the demolition of illegal construction facilities of the farms involved, so it withdrew the lawsuit and reserved the lawsuit to confirm the illegality.

　　[Referee’s result]

　　The People’s Court of Dawukou District, Shizuishan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region made a judgment: It was confirmed that the defendant Huinong District Agriculture and Water Bureau failed to perform the duty of river course supervision to order Wang Xiaohong and others to demolish the illegal buildings of farms within the scope of Yellow River course management in Huinong District. After the judgment of the first instance, neither party appealed.

　　[Typical meaning]

　　This case is an administrative public interest litigation case caused by illegal occupation of production sites and residential houses in the Yellow River. The disorderly construction of buildings and structures that hinder flood discharge within the scope of river management violates the regulations of the state on river management, and also seriously affects the safety of flood discharge and flood control, and poses potential harm to the life and production safety of residents on both sides of the Yellow River. In this case, through administrative public interest litigation, the people’s court confirmed that the administrative authorities acted illegally according to law, which effectively urged the administrative authorities to actively perform their statutory regulatory duties and provided strong judicial support for the ecological protection of the Yellow River Basin.

　　On January 5th, 2024 (the 6th) Haikou International New Energy and Intelligent Networked Automobile Exhibition was grandly opened as scheduled. This year’s auto show was divided into four exhibition halls with a total exhibition area of 60,000 square meters, attracting nearly 90 international mainstream new energy brands to participate in the exhibition, with 500 models on display, which can be described as bursting with popularity and unprecedented pomp.

　　Saic mg

　　As a world-famous automobile brand, the development history of MG is the most important part in the process of automobile industry in Britain and even the world. The Encyclopedia Britannica uses MG to define sports cars. Under the wave of global scientific and technological revolution, relying on the advantages of large-scale and systematization of SAIC’s entire industrial chain, MG has accelerated the transformation of electrification, laid out two major tracks of "high value" and "globalization", and established its position as a world-renowned automobile brand.

　　At this auto show, MG’s highly respected Cyberster was unveiled. The car was officially launched on November 17, and three models were launched. The official guide price was 319,800-359,800 yuan. The front face design of this red sports car is very unique, the front line is pressed very low, and the side design is full of strength, thanks to its two-stage shoulder line design and the "waist-closing" line on the back side of the door panel, and the slightly upturned duck tail is very elegant. The soft-top convertible is composed of three layers of special fabric, which can be opened and closed for 8 seconds in the parking state. In addition, MG also built an exaggerated scissor door for it, with an electric opening and closing angle of 30-76 degrees. Cyberster’s battery capacity is 64kWh and 77kWh respectively, corresponding to cruising range of 501km, 520km and 580km respectively, and the shortest acceleration time can reach 3.2 seconds. It adopts front double wishbone+rear five-bar independent suspension and is equipped with Brembo four-piston brake calipers.

　　Saic roewe

　　Roewe has brought six different new models, and the new Roewe D7 EV just listed at the end of 2023 has become the focus of everyone’s attention.

　　The official guide price of Roewe D7 EV is 149,800-176,800 yuan. The new car is based on the exclusive platform of SAIC Xingyun pure electricity, positioning the pure electric medium-sized car, and also adopting the brand-new design language of Roewe brand. The overall shape of Roewe D7 EV is generous, the middle net is designed in a closed way, and the shape of the light strip is in a blade style, which increases the exquisiteness of the front face, and the side of the car body presents a high smoothness. The existence of the hidden door handle further highlights the attributes of the tram, and the interior adopts the popular minimalist shape. In terms of power, Roewe D7 EV adopts VGA six-in-one motor with a maximum power of 145kW/155kW. In addition, Roewe D7 EV is also equipped with a brand-new Rubik’s Cube battery, which provides two cruising ranges of 510km and 610km under CLTC working conditions.

　　Faw Toyota

　　2023 is a milestone in the electrification of FAW Toyota, and its sales of pure electric vehicles increased by 17 times year-on-year. Among them, bZ pure electric series sold a total of 33,094 vehicles, and bZ3, the "Toyota’s first pure electric car" listed in April, sold 25,927 vehicles, making it one of the outstanding joint venture pure electric cars. There is no doubt that this auto show, pure electric bZ3 attention.

　　The original design that is modern enough gives bZ3 an avant-garde appearance. At the same time, bZ3 also has a wind resistance as low as 0.218. Based on this, the power consumption of bZ3 is as low as 11 degrees per 100 kilometers. In addition, bZ3 has also achieved a longer cruising range. Combined with ultra-low rolling resistance tires, the resistance of the whole vehicle is reduced by 22%, so that the vehicle has a cruising range of 616 kilometers under CLTC working conditions. Today, with the rapid development of intelligence, bZ3 adopts a 12.8-inch floating multimedia navigation system and uses a vertical design, which will be more in line with the user’s habit of using vertical screen mobile phones. The growing AI smart partner "Xiao Fei" can also support Mandarin, Cantonese and Sichuan dialect recognition, and support wakeup-free and 120-second continuous command and natural voice input in various scenarios, which is more convenient to use.

　　Dongfeng Honda

　　Dongfeng Honda also participated in almost all the exhibitions this time, with a total of as many as 9 heavy models on display. Among them, INSPIRE e：PHEV, CRV e：PHEV, E: NS1 and other models are particularly eye-catching.

　　The most worth mentioning is E: NS1. E:NS1 is driven by the front axle motor and the ternary lithium battery pack provided by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited, and the pure electric cruising range corresponding to CLTC test conditions is 420km and 510km respectively. In addition, e:NS1 is also equipped with Honda CONNECT 3.0 intelligent guidance interconnection system, which provides AI voice assistant, car home interconnection, OTA upgrade and other functions. The new car will also provide streaming media rearview mirror and DMC driver status awareness, which is a relatively rare hard-core configuration in its kind. At the 2021 Honda China electrification strategy conference, Honda (China) officially released a brand new pure electric vehicle brand — — E:N, and this e:NS1 is the first mass-produced model in this series, which represents the brand’s latest understanding of future travel modes and user demands.

　　smart

　　Since its birth, smart has always led the innovative practice of urban travel, embraced the development and transformation of electrification and intelligence in the automobile industry, and is the first automobile brand in the industry to be fully transformed into pure electricity. At this auto show, smart brought a total of two electrified models #1 and #3.

　　The orange-colored # 3 stands out from the crowd. # 3 launched a total of four models, including Pro+, Pulse four-wheel drive version, Premium and BRABUS performance version, among which BRABUS performance version will be sold in limited edition in 2023. Smart#3 adopts the design style of "new luxury sports aesthetics" and the posture of low-lying coupe SUV, which has both surging muscle tension and elegance and sexiness. The new smart#3 is equipped with a dual-motor intelligent four-wheel drive system. In the "ejection mode", the BRABUS performance version only takes 3.6 seconds to accelerate. In the professional test site, the test score of the new smart Elk #3 reached 82.7km/h, and its smart Pilot Assist driving system can realize 23 intelligent assisted driving functions (including L2+ level).

　　Lincoln

　　The new trend represented by electrification and intelligence is changing consumers’ definition of luxury. As a traditional luxury brand, Lincoln is also facing challenges. On the Lincoln booth, the new Lincoln Navigator hybrid version became the "most beautiful boy". The new Lincoln Navigator hybrid version locates the large-scale American luxury SUV in the whole scene, and the official price range is 368,800-468,800 yuan, claiming to build a "super-long-life luxury car in history".

　　The brand-new Navigator hybrid version has an atmospheric appearance and the shape of air guides on both sides below the elegant light group, highlighting the identity of new energy. With the embracing cockpit design, the 23.6-inch embracing ultra-high-definition screen +11.1-inch central control screen fills up the sense of luxury technology, and integrates the SYNC+3.0 intelligent interconnection system. Thanks to the blessing of FNV3 intelligent interconnection network architecture platform and the help of Qualcomm Snapdragon 8155 chip example, it brings smooth operation. It is equipped with a 2.0T turbocharged engine+motor. The maximum power of the engine is 207kW and the maximum torque is 407 N m. The permanent magnet synchronous motor is used. The total power of the motor is 140kW, the total torque of the motor is 320N·m, the WLTC has a battery life of 1,129 kilometers and the fuel consumption is 6.64 liters per 100 kilometers.

　　BMW

　　At the BMW booth, pure electric BMW i7 and innovative pure electric BMW i5 are highly concerned. These two models are also BMW’s masterpieces in the field of electrification.

　　BMW i7 is the 5th pure electric product brought by BMW Group in China market, and the first pure electric luxury flagship car of BMW in the world. The fifth-generation BMW eDrive electric drive system is applied to the BMW i7, with a battery height of 110 mm and a net capacity of 101.7 kWh. Take i7 xDrive60L as an example, the cruising range under CLTC standard is 650 kilometers. The model is equipped with an upgraded magic carpet intelligent air suspension system, in which the active comfort and anti-tilting function is first applied to BMW models. The innovative pure electric BMW i5 is expected to be officially launched at the end of January. The appearance of the new car continues BMW’s elegant temperament, adopts the popular screen design, and reveals some east wind charm in details. According to previous news, the domestic long-axis i5 will launch four models, namely, i5 eDrive35L luxury suit, i5 eDrive35L M sports suit, i5 eDrive35L exclusive luxury suit and i5 eDrive35L exclusive M sports suit. The new car will be equipped with a rear single motor with a maximum power of 340 HP, and the CLTC will last for 567 kilometers.

　　Dongfeng Nissan

　　At this auto show, Dongfeng Nissan attended with all its new energy vehicles, bringing a total of 12 new cars. Among them, Qichen VX6 and Ai Ruiya ARIYA occupy C position.

　　As a new car that went on the market at the end of 2023, Qichen VX6 positioned itself as a "home pure electric SUV" and launched three models, with the price range of 141,900-159,900 yuan. The new car is based on the Qichen Ve Concept concept car and is positioned as a "home pure electric SUV". In appearance, the closed grille on the front face of the new car is highly recognizable with penetrating light strips. In terms of power, the car is built on the original pure electric platform under the Dongfeng quantum architecture, equipped with an output motor with a maximum power of 160 kW, and the pure electric cruising range under CLTC conditions is 520km. If Qichen VX6 is aimed at the home market, then ARIYA’s positioning is even higher. This model was introduced to the market earlier, and the market guidance price is 272,800-342,800 yuan. The car was born in the cloud image intelligent pure electric platform developed by Renault-Nissan-Mitsubishi alliance, and its value lies in the full link self-developed three-electricity technology.

　　For traditional car companies, it is more important to understand the development trend of the industry than to update the car-making technology, and it is more important to tap their unique competitive advantages than to introduce advanced models. Under the background of the accelerated arrival of electrification and intelligence, Nissan released the NISSAN NEXT enterprise transformation plan in May 2020. This plan is to put the company back on the right track of development, and to rebuild a complete system of career reform plan for the next 10 years of development. Among them, NISSAN NEXT’s first global strategic model, ARIYA, has become the key to the electrification era of Dongfeng Nissan.

　　Haval, Great Wall Gun

　　At this auto show, all brands of Great Wall came, and Haval, Great Wall Cannon, Tank and WEY all attended, bringing a total of 20 new models.

　　At Haval’s booth, two new cars, Haval Raptor PHEV and Haval Xiaolong MAX PHEV, attracted wide attention. Among them, as the leader of new energy off-road SUV, Haval Raptors popularized the charm of off-road SUV to the mass market with its super strength and price within 200,000 yuan. The new car has two battery versions of 27.54kWh- Ferrous lithium phosphate and 19.09kWh- Ferrous lithium phosphate to choose from. It adopts the hard-core design concept and is equipped with "1.5THi4 rear axle differential lock", which combines off-road with new energy, which not only meets the users’ demand for green travel, but also enjoys the fun brought by off-road.

　　The Great Wall Gun brought star models such as PHEV. PHEV of Shanhai Gun inherits the Chinese aesthetic design concept of Shanhai Gun Passenger Edition, giving people a powerful visual impression. In terms of motor, the vertical 9-9HAT transmission is integrated with P2 motor, with a maximum power of 120kW and a torque of 400Nm, with an efficiency of over 96%. The total battery capacity is 37kWh, which can meet the requirements of pure battery life of 110km and comprehensive battery life of 900km, and its comprehensive strength is good.

　　Wei brand, tank

　　In the tank booth, star models such as tank 400 Hi4-T caught the audience’s eye.

　　The tank 400 Hi4-T was launched in September 2023, with 2.0T+9HAT gold power combination, 120kW high-power P2 motor and oil-electric dual drive, so that the comprehensive power of the tank 400 Hi4-T system is as high as 300kW, the comprehensive torque is 750N·m, and the zero acceleration takes only 6.8s s. The 37.1kW·h high-energy Dayu battery has a pure battery life of over 105km under WLTC condition, and it only takes 24 minutes to charge from 30% to 80%. Outdoor optional packages including front axle electronically controlled differential lock, AT tire, traction qualification, etc. can also be selected to meet the user’s full-scene off-road needs.

　　WEY brought a number of new cars such as Alpine MPV. The design of the front face of the mountain MPV is domineering, creating a strong sense of momentum, and the use of a large number of chrome-plated materials enhances the luxury of the vehicle itself. The overall design of the interior is relatively simple, using a 27-inch ultra-wide screen, supporting voice control, online navigation and other functions to meet various daily use scenarios.

　　FAW Hongqi

　　Hongqi released its sales performance in 2023. According to the data, in 2023, the retail sales of new energy in Hongqi exceeded 85,000 vehicles, up 135% year-on-year, and the penetration rate of new energy sales was 23%, ranking first among traditional luxury brands. Hongqi E-QM5 and Hongqi E-HS9 contributed a lot, with a total sales volume of 85,000 units, up 135% year-on-year, accounting for 23% of the total sales volume of Hongqi brand in 2023. At this auto show, Hongqi E-HS9 was also highlighted.

　　When it was first listed, the official guide price of Hongqi E-HS9 was 509,800-729,800 yuan, which made Hongqi E-HS9 one of the most expensive domestic pure electric SUVs, and also meant that Hongqi E-HS9 began to lead the Hongqi brand to launch an impact on the high-end pure electric field. Red flag E-HS9 "flagship" is full of color. Not only does the size exceed the Tesla Model X, but the momentum of the whole vehicle is not much better than that of Cullinan. The listing of Hongqi E-HS9 is of great strategic significance for Hongqi brand in terms of technological breakthrough, brand development and new energy market expansion. According to the "531" plan of Hongqi brand, by 2028, the planned total sales volume of Hongqi brand will exceed 1 million vehicles, of which the sales volume of new energy vehicles will exceed 700,000 vehicles. As a flagship product, Hongqi E-HS9 will play an important role.

　　Mercedes-Benz

　　Facing the goal of "double carbon", the electrification process of major automobile enterprises has been accelerated in an all-round way, and Mercedes-Benz has also responded positively, bringing seven models of products, including EQE 350 Progressive, Mercedes-Maybach S580 e and EQB 350 4MATIC, among which EQB 350 4Matic has attracted much attention.

　　The new EQB front grille adopts the "Night Star Wing" closed front grille of Mercedes-Benz pure electric EQ family, and the headlights and taillights are decorated with LED strip, adding a sense of technology. EQB is equipped with dual screen and MBUX human-computer interaction system, which provides a variety of intelligent configurations, such as 64-color atmosphere light, head-up display, Berlin sound, customized navigation in Gaode, etc. At the same time, it also adds color matching of Shuiyue silver car paint, giving users more choices. EQB 350 4MATIC is driven by front and rear dual motors, with a maximum power of 292 HP, a peak torque of 520 Nm, a battery capacity of 73.5 kWh, and a cruising range of 512 km under CLTC.

　　Volvo

　　In 2023, Volvo’s new energy vehicles blossomed in many aspects in the global market, all of which maintained a year-on-year growth trend. Among them, the European market took the lead and sold a total of 154,000 vehicles; The United States and other markets have also maintained more than 30,000 vehicles. In the China market, Volvo has also invested heavily. At this auto show, Volvo brought S90, XC90 and other popular new energy vehicles, providing fans with a wealth of car choices.

　　As a Nordic luxury flagship car, the newly upgraded version 2.0 ergonomic luxury seat of the 2023 Volvo S90 was jointly built by orthopedic surgeons and Volvo engineers. The seat design fits the back curve, which can give the occupant zui good coverage and support. And the seat can be adapted to 150cm— 200cm with different heights, meeting 99% of the passenger’s body shape. At the same time, the seat also adopts a new headrest shape and better leg support, which lengthens the cushion by 37-mdash; 40mm, increased by 10mm, reduced the height of backrest, increased the height of lumbar support, and brought first-class comfortable riding experience. In addition, the 2023 Volvo S90 has also upgraded a very humanized detail, that is, the rear row has introduced a 15W wireless charging device and the rear row has dual Type-C interfaces, which can make smart devices fully charged at any time and place, so that business elites can calmly handle work matters, and it is simply not too intimate.

　　Saic Audi

　　SAIC Audi’s first pure electric medium and large SUV based on MEB platform & mdash; — Audi Q5 e-tron made a grand appearance at this auto show. At first glance, the appearance of the Audi Q5 etron is very recognizable, with a fierce front posture. The large-size silver armor mesh model reveals a majestic atmosphere, and the eyes on both sides are sharp and imposing. The triangular diversion grooves are connected by decorative strips, which has a visual folding effect. The front lip adopts a hollow design, which is exquisite and ensures the wind resistance coefficient.

　　Thanks to the design foundation of the pure electric platform MEB, the Audi Q5etron has a wheelbase of 2965mm, providing a six-seat version of 2+2+2 and a seven-seat version of 2+3+2, which is convenient for different consumers to choose. The central area of the six-seat version retains the aisle, and at the same time, it adopts the design of hidden handrails, which is convenient for the passengers in the third row to get in and out, greatly reducing the difficulty of getting on and off. Audi Q5etron offers two different pure electric endurance versions, namely 550km and 560km. At the same time, it is equipped with MobileyeEyeQ4 driver assistance system chip, 3 millimeter-wave radars, 12 ultrasonic radars, 4 panoramic cameras and 1 multi-function camera, which can realize L2+ level driver assistance.

　　Jaguar Land Rover

　　Jaguar Land Rover has brought two new energy vehicles this time, namely, the new Discovery Sport P300e plug-in hybrid version and the new Land Rover evoque L P300e plug-in hybrid version.

　　The brand-new Discovery Sport P300e plug-in electric hybrid version inherits the DNA design elements of Discovery Family, and incorporates the Tiger Claw ornaments on the front face to visually show the sense of movement that is ready to go. Equipped with luxurious Windsor perforated leather seats, the front seats are electrically adjustable in 14 directions, and equipped with a 12.3-inch full LCD virtual instrument panel, creating a refined and luxurious interior cabin atmosphere. The comprehensive maximum power is 309 horsepower, the maximum torque is 540 Nm, and the cruising range of pure electric mode WLTC is 53 kilometers.

　　The new Land Rover evoque L P300e plug-in hybrid vehicle inherits the neo-modernist design concept and shows its distinctive personality. Front seat 14-way electric adjustment (including 4-way electric lumbar support) with heating and ventilation, rear seat heating with backrest angle electric adjustment, and rear flying wing headrest with soft pillow and other functions, bringing more comfortable driving experience. Equipped with Terrain Response® second-generation intelligent all-terrain feedback adaptive system and all-terrain process control system, it can easily cope with various extreme weather or terrain changes.

　　Faw Audi

　　From 1988 to 2023, from fuel vehicles to new energy vehicles, from Audi 100 to the first product Q6 e-tron prototype of PPE platform appeared … … After entering China for 35 years, FAW-Audi has witnessed the rise and growth of China’s automobile industry. Now, facing the surge of electrification and intelligence, FAW-Audi "embraces change with evolution". E-tron, Q4 e-tron and e-tron GT have all been put into China market — — Audi’s electrification strategy has been fully accelerated. At this auto show, none of these key models were absent.

　　Facing the wave of electrification transformation in the automobile industry, Audi is accelerating the pace of launching PPE pure electric platform products. The new Q6 e-tron production version is scheduled to be officially released in the summer of 2024, and the A6 e-tron series models are scheduled to be officially released in the autumn of the same year. At the same time, Changchun Audi FAW new energy vehicle production base for China market is also under construction in an orderly manner, and domestic Q6 e-tron and A6 e-tron series vehicles will be put into production in 2025. As the first luxury car brand with localized production in China, FAW Audi is committed to bringing a brand-new experience beyond expectations to more users who love Audi brand by shaping the vision of high-end mobile brand in the future. (Source: 2024 (6th) Haikou International New Energy and Intelligent Networked Automobile Exhibition)

　　[Global Times correspondent in Nigeria Jiang Xuan Global Times reporter Ding Yazhi] On the evening of the 8th, US Secretary of State Blinken called on the coup soldiers in Niger to "immediately release" President Bazoum and his family. On July 26th, a coup took place in Niger, which is only the latest case of frequent coups in West Africa and Sahel countries in recent years. Since the 1960s, this region has become one of the regions with the most coups in the world, even known as the "coup belt". This phenomenon is caused by various reasons within the countries in the region, as well as the influence of big country games and foreign interference. Some analysts said that coups in West Africa and the Sahel have brought great challenges to the security and economic development of the region, but there is no quick solution to stabilize the regional security situation.

　　West Africa usually refers to the western part of Africa, bordering Lake Chad in the east, the Atlantic Ocean in the west, the Gulf of Guinea in the south and the Sahara Desert in the north, including 16 countries including Mauritania, Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Niger and Nigeria, and British overseas territories Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. The word "Sahel" comes from Arabic and literally means "coast". Some media also said that this word means "edge" and refers to a zone from sub-Saharan to grassland. The Sahel in a broad sense extends from the Atlantic coast of Africa to the Red Sea. It is a zone with a total length of over 5,400 kilometers and a width of up to 1,000 kilometers, including at least 14 countries including Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, Nigeria and Chad. In a narrow sense, the Sahel countries are the Group of Five, which refers to the five core countries in the region, namely Mali, Niger, Burkina Faso, Chad and Mauritania. Many countries belong to both West Africa and Sahel. Because of frequent coups, some media and analysts refer to the Sahel, West Africa, or West Africa and Sahel as "coup zones".

　　In the 1950s and 1960s, more than 30 countries in Africa achieved independence. Powell, an associate professor in university of central florida, and other American researchers found that there have been more than 200 coups in Africa since 1950s. From 1960 to 2000, there were four coups or attempted coups in Africa every year on average. Australia’s "Dialogue News Network" and other media said that in the 1960s and 1970s, there was a coup every 55 days in Africa, and more than 90% of African countries had a coup experience. After 2000, the number of coups and attempted coups in Africa decreased significantly. However, since 2017, of the 17 coups recorded in the world, all occurred in Africa except one in Myanmar. Powell said that Sudan is the country with the largest number of coups in Africa. The latest coup in the country was in 2021, which triggered an explosive military conflict and recently turned into a full-scale war.

　　West Africa and the Sahel are among the regions with the most coups in Africa and the world. The British "New African" magazine bluntly said that in Africa, coups are more common in West Africa and the Sahel than in other regions; In West Africa, this situation is more common in French-speaking countries than in English-speaking countries. According to Australia’s "Dialogue News Network", some studies show that from 1958 to 2008, the number of coups in West and Central Africa and the Sahel was the highest in the African continent every 10 years, accounting for 44.4%. Research by Nigerian scholar Suleiman shows that since 2010, there have been more than 40 coups and attempted coups in Africa, of which 20 occurred in West Africa and the Sahel.

　　Spain’s "World Order" website recently issued a document saying that since 2020, there have been about 10 coups in eight West African and Sahel countries. It is worth noting that some countries in the region even staged coups several times in a short period of time. There were coups in Mali in 2020 and 2021, and the country’s transitional government also defeated a military coup attempt in 2022. Coups in Guinea-Bissau, Gambia and other countries failed, while in Guinea, Chad, Sudan, Burkina Faso and Niger recently, the coups succeeded in overthrowing civilian governments and establishing military governments, and they are still in power.

　　Has become the center of global terrorism.

　　He Wenping, a researcher at west asia and africa Institute of China Academy of Social Sciences, said in an interview with Global Times that the military coup in Niger is the latest case in the "coup resurgence" in West Africa and Sahel countries in recent years. A number of media said that the frequent coups in the region were the result of the combined effects of internal and external factors. Governance problems, unsatisfied civil rights, public dissatisfaction and deteriorating security situation in countries in West Africa and the Sahel are the main internal causes of frequent coups. "Considering the turbulent years experienced by African countries after independence, this (frequent coups) is not surprising." Powell said: poverty and economic backwardness have caused some African countries to have a breeding ground for coups.

　　According to the information of Spanish "World Order" news network, American think tank Brookings Institution and other media and think tanks, countries in the Sahel region have been plagued by extreme poverty and political corruption since the 1960s. After analyzing the data of the World Bank, some scholars found that during the period from 1990 to 2021, the average annual growth rate of gross domestic product (GDP) in West Africa after deducting inflation was 4%, but due to the rapid population growth, the per capita GDP growth rate during this period was only 1.3%. By 2021, the human development index of West Africa has just exceeded 0.5, which lags far behind other regions. Many people in some countries in West Africa and the Sahel need humanitarian assistance. For example, the extreme poverty rate in Niger is over 40%, while about 1/5 of Burkina Faso’s total population, that is, 4.7 million people, need humanitarian assistance this year, and it is necessary to raise 877 million US dollars to meet the country’s emergency needs.

　　"The flawed system is the root of the coup." According to the analysis of New African magazine, in recent years, people in West Africa and the Sahel have almost always responded positively to the coup, which shows that the coup is a "symptom" of the system failure in these countries. According to the magazine, the mantra of "military rule is not good, civilian rule is good" is often imposed on African countries, as if the complex problems of the African continent can be solved by a simple formula, and many elected officials have corruption problems, while the level of administrative governance is not high, and there are few public services provided to the people, which makes many people very dissatisfied. The Associated Press said that the coup leaders in the region accused the government of failing to meet the people’s expectations for the "democratic dividend", so they will solve these problems by forming a new government.

　　The deterioration of the regional security environment is also an important reason for the frequent coups in West Africa and the Sahel. According to a recent report on Spain’s "World Order" website, in the past 10 years, branches of extremist organizations such as Al Qaeda and Islamic State (IS) have taken advantage of social dissatisfaction and weak links in state governance in the region to establish their own spheres of influence and launched activities in many countries. According to the Global Terrorism Index report of the Australian Institute of Economics and Peace, the Sahel region has surpassed the Middle East and South Asia to become the center of global terrorism. In 2022, global terrorist attacks killed 6,701 people, and the Sahel region accounted for 43% of them. The Associated Press said that violent activities carried out by extremist organizations in West Africa and the Sahel are increasing, which in turn leads people to oppose the government.

　　In addition, You Tao, a researcher at the Research Center of the Economic Community of West African States of Hohai University, previously wrote that the national boundaries of West African countries were randomly demarcated by previous colonists, which separated the people and their territories of long-formed tribes, kingdoms or empires. This practice of colonialists led to internal division of West African countries after independence, frequent regional conflicts, and border and territorial disputes became the fuse of some military coups. In addition, tribal politics has a great influence in some countries in West Africa and Sahel region. The powerful tribes often support each other with domestic political parties, and the struggle between tribes has further evolved into a nationwide military coup. In some areas, traditional tribal forces are also integrated with religious forces, inciting tribal people’s emotions through beliefs or interests and making excuses for political struggles.

　　He Wenping believes that the frequent military coups in West Africa and the Sahel in recent years are due to the difficulties in life and the intensification of terrorist activities caused by crises such as the COVID-19 epidemic, and the dissatisfaction of coup soldiers with the former regime (including the former coup military authorities). The coup d’ é tat in Niger is also related to the transmission and demonstration effect of frequent coups in countries in the region in recent years, especially the previous coups in Mali, Burkina Faso and other countries and the final success of the coup soldiers, all of which have had an "incentive" effect to some extent.

　　There are traces of foreign interference.

　　Foreign interference and the game between big powers have also increased the possibility of coups in West Africa and the Sahel. Some media said that since the coup in Niger on July 26th, a group of supporters of the military government appeared on the streets of Niamey, the capital. Many of them waved Russian flags and shouted slogans condemning France, the former colonial sovereign state. This phenomenon is not the first time, and similar situations have occurred in Mali and Burkina Faso. The New York Times quoted analysts as saying that this does not mean that Russia is behind the coup in Niger and other countries, but it reflects how Moscow has positioned itself as an anti-Western "torchbearer" in Africa in recent years. There are also views that this shows that the "coup belt" in Africa has become a wrestling field between the West and Russia.

　　Li Wentao, executive director of the Institute of African Studies at the China Institute of Contemporary International Relations, told the Global Times reporter that there were frequent coups in West Africa and the Sahel, in which the big countries played fiercely and the geographical competition was strong. He Wenping said that Russia has increased its diplomatic and military ties with African countries in recent years. At the diplomatic level, in 2019, Russia held the first Russia-Africa summit in Sochi, focusing on the cooperation between Moscow and African countries in the fields of economy and security. In terms of military and security influence, nearly half of African countries import military equipment from Russia. Big buyers and long-term importers of Russian weapons include Burkina Faso, Egypt, Ethiopia, Morocco and Uganda. After the outbreak of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, Russia stepped up its African diplomacy in order to break the western diplomatic containment. At present, it seems that the "French retreat to Russia" staged by countries such as Mali and Burkina Faso may only be a "prelude", and I am afraid it will not "end" soon.

　　Australia’s "Dialogue News Network" and other media said that just like after the wave of independence in Africa, the coups in West Africa and the Sahel in recent years also showed traces of foreign interference. For example, in media reports, the coups in Mali in 2020 and 2021 and the coup in Burkina Faso in 2022 all mentioned Russia. The organizers of the two coups in Mali reportedly also received training and assistance from the United States. Some media also said that since 2008, American-trained officers have carried out at least nine coups in five West African countries. As France colonized many countries in West Africa and the Sahel, the influence of Paris on the political development in this region is almost established. It is reported that coups in some countries in the region have also received support from France. According to statistics, since 1960, France has carried out more than 10 military interventions in African countries.

　　There is no quick solution.

　　According to the BBC, military coups have occurred from time to time in the decades after the independence of African countries, but now people are worried that coups may become more frequent. Oxford University scholar Collier told The New York Times: "I am very worried that the Sahel will collapse." The British "Economist" magazine reported that the coup in Niger triggered an unprecedented crisis, and the most worrying thing now is that this may trigger a regional war. Even if this danger is avoided, this coup will almost certainly have an impact on the action against extremists. The Association for Foreign Relations, an American think tank, recently warned that the situation in Niger may undermine illegal immigration and human trafficking in Europe, because the country is located on the main route to the Mediterranean.

　　According to the British "Guardian" report, the stability of Niger is crucial to the future of West Africa and the Sahel, which is crucial to the future of the African continent. Problems in West Africa and the Sahel will affect countries in southern and northern Africa, such as Libya, Algeria and Egypt. The coup d’ é tat has brought great influence and obstacles to the economic, social and social development of West African countries, resulting in the displacement of people and the breeding of unstable factors such as terrorism.

　　Chatham House, a British think tank, previously issued a document saying that there is no quick solution to stabilize the security situation in the Sahel. In the foreseeable future, the insecurity in the Sahel needs regular policy attention. The agency suggested that the frequent coups in this region should be dealt with through institution building, improving government governance, providing better security for the people and investment. Australia’s "Dialogue News Network" said that the conditions for the coup are constantly changing. In order to avoid future coups in West Africa and the Sahel and deal with the current coups, it is necessary to completely change the coping methods. With the help of regional and global partners, countries in the region must solve the governance deficit.

1905 movie network news　As of 9: 30 on February 3, the real-time box office of directed movies has reached 3.67 billion yuan, surpassing (3.652 billion yuan) and rising to the ninth place in the box office list of Chinese movies. The cumulative number of people watching movies exceeded 72 million.

In the just-concluded Spring Festival file, "Man Jiang Hong" won the box office title of the Spring Festival file in 2023 with a box office score of over 2.5 billion. At the same time, the film also broke the box office record set by China Film History in the Spring Festival. "Man Jiang Hong" has a cat’s eye score of 9.5, a Taobao Film score of 9.4 and a douban score of 7.4, which can be described as a double harvest at the box office.

The perfect combination of suspense and comedy elements in the film, multiple reversals and unconventional dense jokes make many viewers still full of interest after watching the movie. The location in the ancient county town of Taiyuan, Shanxi Province has quickly become a punching place in online celebrity, attracting many viewers to experience an immersive walk in the narrow lanes of a deep house and see all kinds of props in the play.

The film "Man Jiang Hong" is directed by Zhang Yimou, starring,,,,,,,, starring, and friendship, with Wei Xiang, Zhang Chi and Huang Yan as special actors. It tells the story of Qin Gui’s meeting with the State of Jin in Shaoxing during the Southern Song Dynasty, four years after Yue Fei’s death. On the eve of the talks, the envoy of the State of Jin died in the prime minister’s residence, and the secret message he carried was also missing. A soldier and the deputy commander of the pro-barracks were caught in this huge conspiracy by coincidence, and Prime Minister Qin Gui ordered them to find the murderer and the truth story.

Top ten in China’s box office list:

157.75 million

256.94 million

354.13 million

450.35 billion

546.88 million

645.23 million

742.5 billion

8. Watergate Bridge of Changjin Lake is 4.067 billion yuan.

9. "Man Jiang Hong" 3.67 billion (in release)

10. Operation Red Sea 3.651 billion.

　　In June last year, the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) authorized Lianggao to carry out the pilot work of quick adjudication procedure of criminal cases in 18 cities. Now, the pilot project has been completed for one year, and the criminal speedy trial has achieved remarkable results, and some exposed problems are gradually being solved. The full protection of the rights and interests of the defendant has always been the core of the system design.

　　　　

　　Beijing Fengtai District Court held a trial of a criminal quick-cut case cui wei/photo

　　"Do you voluntarily apply the expedited procedure?"

　　Since June last year, in a year’s time, defendants suspected of dangerous driving, traffic accidents and theft in Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing, Wuhan and other cities will be asked such questions by public prosecutors if the facts are clear and they voluntarily plead guilty and meet the applicable conditions of the expedited procedure.

　　When the defendant learns that he will be sentenced in less than one year, and there is also the possibility of applying control, criminal detention, probation and a single fine, the defendant will generally continue to ask the prosecutor: "To what extent can I reduce the punishment?" "Is it possible to suspend the sentence?"

　　In the case of quick adjudication, not only the defendant’s concern is different from that of ordinary procedural cases, but also the prosecutor’s handling mode and tradition are different.

　　The pilot has been completed for one year.

　　How do judges locate the value of quick adjudication?

　　On June 27th, 2014, the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) authorized Lianggao to carry out the pilot work of criminal case quick adjudication procedure in 18 cities. According to the relevant plan, the facts are clear and the evidence is sufficient, the defendant voluntarily pleads guilty, and the parties concerned have no dispute about the applicable laws, such as dangerous driving, traffic accidents, theft, fraud, robbery, injury, and crimes of stirring up trouble, and the cases that may be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of less than one year, criminal detention, public surveillance according to law, or cases that are only fined according to law, will further simplify the relevant litigation procedures stipulated in the Criminal Procedure Law.

　　The practice of handling cases by the procuratorial organs in the pilot areas over the past year shows that the establishment of the speedy adjudication procedure greatly shortens the time for trial and adjudication of cases, and the defendants in criminal cases who are detained can be tried quickly, and the litigation rights of the parties are fully guaranteed in the process of handling cases. Taking Nanjing as an example, as of July 5, 2015, the city’s grass-roots procuratorial organs have prosecuted 351 criminal cases with quick adjudication, and the courts have decided 258 cases with quick adjudication procedures. The value of expedited procedure in litigation efficiency has been fully reflected. The average review and prosecution period is only 5.8 days, and the average trial time is 3 minutes to 5 minutes, which greatly improves the litigation efficiency. In the cases that have been adjudicated quickly, the prosecution opinions and sentencing suggestions of the procuratorial organs have been adopted by the court. Up to now, only two cases have been appealed by the defendants because they want to stay in the prison, and all the other parties have recognized the court’s judgment, and the defendant’s confession rate is high.

　　Han Bing, chief of the Public Prosecution Section of the Procuratorate of Xinzhou District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, said in an interview that the speedy trial procedure of criminal cases omits the cross-examination of evidence and the court debate, which limits the defendant’s right of defense in court to a certain extent. Therefore, how to fully protect human rights in the process of applying the speedy trial procedure and make it "simple" but "undiminished" is an important topic for the judiciary.

　　Repeated reminders of three contents

　　Special treatment of suspects in quick adjudication cases

　　On the surface, the quick cutting procedure is simplified; In fact, before the simplification of the trial, such cases have to go through more detailed public prosecution work. "The prosecutor will especially inform the suspect of some key points, which is more than what he has to do and say in handling ordinary procedural cases." Huang Jie, Director of Public Prosecution Division I of Fangshan District Procuratorate, told the reporter that there are three important contents that should be carefully explained and repeatedly confirmed with the suspect.

　　"Do you voluntarily apply the expedited procedure?" This is a question repeatedly confirmed by the public prosecutor during the questioning of suspects. Fangshan District Procuratorate requires the prosecutor handling the case not only to deliver a written Notice of Rights and Obligations to the suspect, but also to explain the applicable provisions and legal consequences of speedy adjudication to the suspect on the spot.

　　On June 30, Dong Ying, deputy director of the Public Prosecution Department of Fangshan District Procuratorate, explained to Hu, a criminal suspect suspected of dangerous driving, the application of the expedited procedure. "If you plead guilty, agree with the prosecutor’s sentencing proposal and are willing to apply the expedited procedure, there will be no court investigation and court debate at the court session. You have the right to make a final statement, and the prosecutor will supervise the court to ensure that you complete the final self-statement link. " Dong Ying told reporters that the strict right to inform is to ensure the authenticity of the parties’ willingness to cut quickly.

　　"You can apply for the lawyer on duty to provide legal assistance", which is a warm reminder given by the public prosecutor of Fangshan District Procuratorate when interrogating each suspect.

　　According to Huang Jie, Fangshan District has set up duty lawyers in detention centers and courts. Once the suspect asks for legal help, the lawyer on duty will be in place the day after the application, which is the slowest situation. "Once requested by the suspect, the undertaker immediately fills in the Application for Providing Legal Aid and sends it to the lawyer on duty on the same day, so that he can have a deeper understanding of the case and provide legal help as soon as possible". Huang Jie said that according to the program design, when the public security organ transfers it for review and prosecution, it will send a copy of the Prosecutions Opinion with the special seal for the expedited procedure to the detention center, and the detention center will then send the document to the lawyer on duty for filing. Theoretically speaking, the lawyer on duty in the detention center can grasp the overall situation of the cases in hand in time on the same day.

　　"We will tell the suspect what the range of sentencing is." Dong Ying told reporters that at this stage, Fangshan’s main practice is to explain to the suspect the statutory punishment, the heavier punishment points and the lighter punishment points involved in the crime, so that he can have a basic understanding of his sentence, and then inform him of the floating range of sentencing. "For cases that apply ordinary procedures, prosecutors generally do not clearly inform the scope of sentencing recommendations."

　　After detailed explanation and repeated confirmation, if the suspect agrees to apply the expedited procedure, the public prosecutor will continue to review according to this procedure; If the suspect expresses his unwillingness to apply at any time, he will be rejected by one vote and the case will be transferred to the ordinary procedure. However, Fangshan has not yet encountered the latter situation.

　　From approval to court appearance

　　Key links in the process of quick adjudication of public prosecution

　　The most powerful support for completing the review and prosecution of quick-cut cases within 8 days is a smooth and fast handling mechanism. In terms of mechanism construction, the Nanjing Procuratorate, together with the Municipal Court, the Municipal Public Security Bureau and the Judicial Bureau, signed the Implementation Measures for Handling Criminal Cases by Quick-cut Procedure, and formulated the Working Rules for Handling Quick-cut Cases by Procuratorial Organs (hereinafter referred to as the Working Rules) according to the actual procuratorial work, making the operating rules for handling quick-cut cases clear, specific and detailed.

　　According to the procedure design of Nanjing, within the procuratorial organs, the power of examination and approval for applying the expedited procedure lies with the person in charge of the public prosecution department or the chief prosecutor. The Working Rules also carefully considered the special situation of the victims. Huang Zhijian, the main maker of the "Working Rules" and the deputy director of the Second Public Prosecution Division of the Nanjing Procuratorate, told the reporter that for crimes such as minor injuries, theft and fraud, the victim is either physically injured or his property is lost. If the quick ruling procedure is applied, the defendant may be given a lighter punishment; However, the judicial rights and interests of the victims must also be protected according to law, so in these cases, we all ask the public prosecutor to find out whether the defendant and the victim have reached a mediation or reconciliation agreement.

　　According to the "Working Rules", in addition to the examination and approval of whether the expedited procedure is applicable, the sentencing proposal must also be examined and approved by the head of the public prosecution department or the chief prosecutor. Moreover, if it is recommended to be sentenced to public surveillance, criminal detention or fixed-term imprisonment, the recommended sentencing range should not exceed one month in principle. Then, why should Nanjing set the scope of sentencing suggestions so accurately?

　　Huang Zhijian told reporters that there is indeed the consideration of "strengthening trial supervision", and more accurate sentencing suggestions can limit judges’ discretion and prevent judges from breaking the legal bottom line of mitigating punishment in order to handle cases quickly. "The" Working Rules "has been tried out for more than five months. The public prosecutor found in handling the case that the range of one month is really narrow, and the judicial organ also hopes to have some discretion. At present, we have revised the sentencing suggestion interval to 1 to 2 months."

　　Huang Zhijian said that, in essence, there is a plea negotiation between the defendant and the prosecution in the speedy trial procedure. In order to restrain the judiciary from keeping the legal bottom line of sentencing, the Nanjing Municipal Law Committee made it clear in the guidance of the speedy trial that the judicial organ should reduce the sentence by less than 20% on the basis of the proposed sentence calculated by the sentencing guidance of the people’s court, and then determine the pronounced sentence as appropriate. However, if there is no statutory mitigating circumstances, it shall not be lower than the sentencing range stipulated in the criminal law.

　　During the trial, Hu Jing, director of the Public Prosecution Division I of Chaoyang District Procuratorate, told the reporter that the court applied the expedited procedure to hear the case. If the defendant pleaded guilty in court, agreed to the sentencing proposal and applied the expedited procedure, no court investigation and debate would be conducted, but the defendant’s final statement should be heard before the judgment was announced. The reporter found that Nanjing’s "Working Rules" was based on simple procedures, but it still requires the public prosecutor to read the indictment in summary, show the evidence list briefly, and directly express the public prosecution opinions on the conviction and sentencing of the case when attending the court.

　　Huang Zhijian pointed out that Nanjing did not oversimplify the way of court hearing: the court hearing was based on the indictment, and since the court hearing was held, the judge’s trial, lawyer’s defense and the suspect’s self-defense should all revolve around the indictment. We stipulate that the indictment should still be read in summary in court, summarizing the main facts and listing the main evidence that confirms the facts. These general contents should be read. In order to inform both the facts and the evidence, it not only builds the basis of cross-examination, but also fully explains the basis of sentencing suggestions.

　　Build a special case-handling office

　　Please open postal procuratorial express mail.

　　It is a consensus on the construction of case-handling organization to set up a special department and handle cases quickly by special personnel to ensure quality and improve efficiency. But from imagination to reality, there are many practical difficulties. Fengtai District, Beijing is one of the first pilot areas to turn this basic understanding into a realistic operation mode.

　　At present, the public security, procuratorial work and courts in Fengtai District have set up specialized institutions (personnel) to handle cases of quick adjudication. In public security organs, full-time legal examiners are responsible for screening cases that can be applied to quick adjudication; In the court, there are fixed judges who specialize in speedy cases; In Fengtai Procuratorate, seven prosecutors from the Third Public Prosecution Office are specially responsible for quick adjudication of public prosecutions. In addition, the hospital has also set up a full-time case-handling team in the Public Prosecution Department, which is responsible for screening out cases that can be applied to quick adjudication among all cases transferred according to ordinary procedures. The prosecutors of this case-handling team review and prosecute the screened cases, appear in court for public prosecution, and "take responsibility to the end". Zhao Cheng, deputy director of the third department of public prosecution of the hospital, told reporters that since the pilot, the connection with public security and court professionals, as well as the internal connection and cooperation of procuratorial organs, has been relatively smooth. It is common that a case can be reviewed and prosecuted in two to three days, and this pace will enable the suspect to get a fairly quick trial.

　　At the beginning of this year, Yang was arrested after the theft in Fengtai. After a comprehensive investigation, Zhao Cheng, the public prosecutor, intends to make sentencing suggestions for him to apply probation. Therefore, Zhao Cheng sent a social investigation letter to the judicial office of a county in Zhoukou City, Henan Province, where Yang lived, using "postal procuratorial express mail". A few days later, the judicial office replied to confirm that Yang had the conditions for community correction. Subsequently, the court recognized the sentencing recommendations of the procuratorate and announced the application of probation to Yang.

　　Cui wei, director of the Third Public Prosecution Division of Fengtai District Procuratorate, told the reporter that the main prerequisite for the defendant to apply probation in a quick ruling case lies in the degree of social investigation and evaluation. According to Fengtai District’s plan, the social investigation of criminal suspects (defendants) who are not in custody is initiated by procuratorial organs. Fengtai Procuratorate signed a cooperation agreement with China Post EMS, which opened a special procuratorial express channel for the hospital, and realized the unit-to-unit postal mode. "The recipient only needs to write to the unit and does not need a specific recipient, thus avoiding the embarrassment that the specific recipient of the foreign judicial administrative organ cannot be found and the document cannot be mailed. Let the social investigation documents be sent to the foreign judicial bureau as soon as possible, so that it can arrange social investigation matters as soon as possible. "

　　The procuratorial special delivery mode initiated by Fengtai has solved the dilemma of difficult receipt of ordinary express delivery and difficult delivery of legal documents. The Beijing Municipal Procuratorate is gradually promoting this practice throughout the city.

　　Quick trial

　　The prosecutor in court focuses on legal supervision?

　　The speedy adjudication procedure cancels the court investigation and court debate, and the presiding judge is the sole judge, so the legal supervision function of the public prosecutor has been promoted to a new height. Han Bing, chief of the Public Prosecution Section of Xinzhou District Procuratorate, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, believes that the focus of supervision lies in the fact that the defendant denied the crime and questioned the facts and evidence alleged in the indictment during the trial, and disagreed with the charges; Defenders plead not guilty and change the nature of the case; After new evidence needs to be verified and the victim objects to the application of the expedited procedure, the court shall resume the legal supervision of the ordinary procedure trial.

　　When a court in a certain district of Nanjing tried a dangerous driving case by applying the expedited procedure, it happened that the defender once again asked for a lighter punishment: the defender had no objection to the facts and evidence identified by the public prosecution agency, but only disagreed with the sentencing suggestion range of the public prosecutor’s detention for 2 to 3 months, and suggested that the public prosecutor should be detained for 1 month, thus asking the court for a lighter sentence again. This brings a question worthy of discussion, that is, if the defendant’s self-appointed defender disagrees with the sentencing circumstances or the sentencing proposal of the public prosecution agency in court, is it necessary to hold a court debate or reconfirm the defendant’s willingness to apply the expedited procedure?

　　Huang Zhijian told reporters that the whole trial should focus on the defendant, and his rights and interests should be fully protected. If the defender’s defense opinion is inconsistent with the negotiation reached by the public prosecutor and the defendant, the public prosecutor shall remind the presiding judge to confirm whether the defendant agrees to continue to apply the expedited procedure for trial. If the defendant does the work through a lawyer, he will no longer accept the summary judgment and change it to the ordinary procedure, then the prosecutor should protect his right. In the case of changing to ordinary procedure, the defendant will no longer enjoy the lighter sentencing range given by the public prosecution agency based on the quick ruling procedure. If the defendant refuses the lawyer’s defense opinion and still insists on applying the quick adjudication procedure and accepting the prosecutor’s sentencing suggestion, then the court should also respect his opinion.

　　"At present, it is up to the judge to ask whether the defendant voluntarily accepts a quick ruling and whether he has any opinions on the indictment and sentencing suggestions. I think it is more appropriate for the public prosecutor, as the prosecutor and the legal supervisor, to be responsible for confirming these issues. " Han Bing said that at present, there are different practices in the trial procedure of expedited cases in different places, and there is no unified trial standard procedure.

　　"In addition to sentencing, whether the defendant’s exercise of the final statement right is complete is also an important part of the public prosecutor’s legal supervision." Han Bing said.

　　Should the parties be allowed to appeal again after the judgment of the expedited case? This has happened in practice in Nanjing. The parties to the two cases appealed after the judgment, and when the procuratorial organ received the appeal, the protest period had passed. The reasons for the two defendants’ appeals have nothing to do with the facts, evidence and sentencing of the cases involved. The parties claimed that they wanted to continue serving their sentences in prison, so as to delay the time.

　　Huang Zhijian told reporters that at present, in operation, the defendant’s right to appeal is fully guaranteed.

　　From the legal point of view, after the defendant in the case of quick adjudication appeals, can the procuratorate lodge a protest? If the procuratorial organ does not protest, due to the limitation of the principle of no additional punishment on appeal, will it make the defendant use the expedited procedure as a means to mitigate punishment, and then abuse the right of appeal, which will have the effect that the expedited procedure cannot be "expedited"?

　　"If these two cases have not passed the protest period when they receive the appeal, we will certainly lodge a protest. Because the defendant is given a lighter punishment of less than 20%, the basis is the way he voluntarily pleads guilty, accepts sentencing suggestions and accepts a quick trial. When the defendant disagrees with the result of the summary sentencing and requests to enter the appeal trial procedure, then the lighter punishment range of less than 20% based on the summary sentencing procedure loses its foundation of existence. The procuratorial organ should protest against the result of the light sentence in the first instance. "

　　……

　　The pilot of quick cutting is still being explored. All kinds of operation methods and doubts that are constantly emerging will gradually build consensus through the continuous cycle of discussion and practice.