State-owned assets of administrative institutions refer to all kinds of economic resources that are occupied and used by administrative institutions, legally recognized as owned by the state and can be measured in money. It is an important material basis for the government to perform social management functions, provide public services and promote career development, and is an important part of state-owned assets.

　　(1) the status quo of state-owned assets in administrative institutions. According to the data of final accounts of departments in 2011, as of December 31, 2011, the total assets of administrative institutions nationwide were 13.35 trillion yuan, and the total net assets after deducting liabilities were 8.76 trillion yuan. The net assets of administrative institutions accounted for about one-third of the total state-owned net assets (see Figure 5.1). In terms of asset composition, current assets account for 40.3%, fixed assets account for 50.2%, foreign investment accounts for 1.8%, intangible assets account for 0.5%, and other assets account for 7.2% (see Figure 5.2).

　　Figure 5.1 State-owned Assets of Administrative Institutions in 2006-2011 (Net Value)

　　Figure 5.2 Composition of state-owned assets (total value) of administrative institutions at the end of 2011

　　(2) State-owned assets management system of administrative institutions. In 2006, the Ministry of Finance promulgated the Interim Measures for the Management of State-owned Assets in Administrative Units and the Interim Measures for the Management of State-owned Assets in Public Institutions (Ministry of Finance Orders No.35 and No.36, hereinafter referred to as "two ministerial orders"), which clarified the management system of state-owned assets in administrative institutions and the management responsibilities of various departments (units), comprehensively standardized the management of assets allocation, use and disposal, and constructed a comprehensive management system from asset allocation, use to disposal. According to the relevant principles determined by the two ministerial decrees, the Ministry of Finance, in conjunction with relevant departments, has studied and promulgated relevant supporting management measures such as asset inventory, asset verification, state-owned assets management of central administrative institutions, overseas assets management and the use, disposal and income of state-owned assets. At the same time, local financial departments have actively strengthened the system construction according to the provisions of the two ministerial orders, and the state-owned assets management system of administrative institutions has been initially established.

　　(3) State-owned assets management institutions of administrative institutions and their responsibilities. According to the current management framework of state-owned assets in administrative institutions, it is vertically divided into five levels: central, provincial, prefecture (city), county and township, and horizontally there are three levels of management: "financial department-competent department-administrative institutions".

　　The specific responsibilities and authorities of financial departments, competent departments of administrative institutions (hereinafter referred to as competent departments) and administrative institutions in asset management are as follows: financial departments at all levels are government functional departments responsible for the management of state-owned assets of administrative institutions and implement comprehensive management of state-owned assets of administrative institutions; The competent department is responsible for the supervision and management of the state-owned assets of the administrative institutions affiliated to this department; Administrative institutions shall implement specific management of the state-owned assets possessed and used by their own units.

　　The promulgation of the two ministerial orders clearly defined the management system of state-owned assets in administrative institutions in China. At present, the management system of "unified ownership by the state, graded supervision by the government, possession and use by units" and the corresponding state-owned assets management model of "financial department-competent department-administrative institution" have been further established nationwide. By the end of 2011, all provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities with separate plans) in China have made it clear that the financial departments are responsible for the management of state-owned assets in administrative institutions, and 35 of them have established special asset management institutions. Most central departments have also set up asset management institutions or defined the staff responsible for asset management.

　　(4) The main contents of state-owned assets management in administrative institutions. It mainly includes asset allocation, asset use, asset disposal and other related work.

　　Asset allocation. It refers to the behavior of financial departments, competent departments, administrative institutions, etc. to equip administrative institutions with assets by means of purchase or adjustment according to the needs of administrative institutions to perform their functions and in accordance with the procedures stipulated by relevant state laws, regulations and rules. Administrative institutions purchase assets included in the scope of government procurement and implement government procurement according to law. In order to standardize and strengthen the asset budget management, the Ministry of Finance issued the Notice of the Ministry of Finance on Further Strengthening the Budget Management of New Asset Allocation in Central Administrative Units (Caixing [2010] No.293) and the Budget Standard for the Purchase of General Office Equipment and Furniture in Central Administrative Units (for Trial Implementation) (Caixing [2011] No.78) to standardize the asset budget preparation of central departments and improve the budget for the purchase of general office equipment and furniture in central administrative units.

　　Use of assets. Including assets for self-use, foreign investment, leasing and lending. Administrative institutions shall establish and improve the management system for the use of state-owned assets, standardize the use behavior, do a good job in the use management, give full play to the use efficiency of state-owned assets, ensure the safety and integrity of state-owned assets, and prevent improper losses and waste in the use of state-owned assets. Administrative units shall not use state-owned assets as external guarantee, and shall not use state-owned assets in any form to hold economic entities. The income from leasing and lending of state-owned assets in administrative institutions shall be managed by "two lines of revenue and expenditure" in accordance with the provisions of the government on the management of non-tax income. The income from the use of state-owned assets in public institutions should be included in the unit budget, and unified accounting and management should be carried out.

　　Disposal of assets. Refers to the transfer and write-off of property rights of state-owned assets in administrative institutions. Including all kinds of state-owned assets free allocation (transfer), foreign donation, sale, transfer, transfer, replacement, loss reporting and scrapping, loss verification of monetary assets, etc. The income from the disposal of state-owned assets in administrative institutions shall be managed by "two lines of revenue and expenditure" in accordance with the provisions of the government on the management of non-tax income.

　　Other basic work. It mainly includes supporting basic work such as asset inventory, asset verification, property right registration and asset evaluation of administrative institutions, and constitutes the content system of asset management of administrative institutions with three basic links of asset allocation, use and disposal.

　　Approval process. Administrative institutions at all levels shall, in strict accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, go through the formalities for examination and approval of asset allocation, use and disposal, and follow the process shown in Figure 5.3 for approval.

　　Figure 5.3 Schematic diagram of approval process

　　(5) Special management of state-owned assets in administrative institutions.One isOfficial vehicle management. The Ministry of Finance issued the Administrative Measures for the Budget and Final Accounts of Official Vehicles for Party and Government Organs (No.9 [2011] of Caixing) and the Administrative Measures for the Equipment and Use of Official Vehicles for Law Enforcement of Party and Government Organs (No.180 [2011] of Caixing), and formulated the Administrative Measures for the Equipment and Use of Official Vehicles for Law Enforcement of Sub-systems together with the central competent authorities, further put forward management requirements for the budget and final accounts of official vehicles for Party and government organs, and set the equipment scope, preparation management and equipment standards for official vehicles for law enforcement of party and government organs.The second isSoftware asset management. In order to further improve the use of legitimate software by government agencies, the Ministry of Finance issued the Notice on Further Standardizing and Strengthening the Management of Software Assets of Government Agencies (Caixing [2011] No.7), which put forward clear requirements on budget management, asset management and procurement management of legitimate software, standardized and strengthened the management of software assets of government agencies, and promoted the protection of intellectual property rights.

　　What are the routines for 4S shop maintenance?

　　Routine 1:

　　Similar projects cost more.

　　Routine 2:

　　Recommended item "Overmaintenance"

　　Routine 3:

　　Promise to shrink after the discount.

　　Text/Guangzhou Daily reporter Deng Li

　　In order to make the car have a longer service life, it is necessary to carry out regular maintenance according to different kilometers. However, most car owners "check" what items need to be done during regular routine maintenance. Recently, some car owners broke the news to our reporter: in order to make more money, the car 4S shop actually mixed the recommended items with the must-do items, fooling the car owners who didn’t understand the car and overcharged thousands of dollars in disguise. The reporter investigated the after-sales service of automobile dealers and found that recommending items outside the maintenance manual is one of the most common after-sales practices in 4S shops, and there are "routines" on how to recommend and charge standards.

　　Owner feedback:

　　Routine maintenance quoted "sky-high price"

　　Mr. Liu, the owner of Land Rover, did 20,000 kilometers of routine maintenance for the 4S shop at the beginning of the month. After receiving him warmly, the after-sales consultant listed a maintenance list with 11 items for him. Mr. Liu happened to have an important phone call to deal with, so he glanced at it and signed it. After three hours of routine maintenance, he was surprised by the maintenance statement issued by the 4S shop — — It is as high as more than10,000 yuan! Looking at the maintenance projects carefully, Mr. Liu found that in addition to the necessary maintenance projects, many additional recommended maintenance projects have been added: a project that has not replaced the necessary antifreeze for the time being, including the working hours, costs as much as 3,000 yuan; Maintenance of air conditioning pipes, cleaning of throttle valves, oil nozzles and other "cleaning" projects, with a total charge of more than 2,000 yuan; What is even more exaggerated is that there are five items, such as fuel injection system cleaning agent and engine protection additive, which cost more than 2,500 yuan when working hours are included. The experience of many maintenance tells him that these are unnecessary maintenance projects. "If the owner does not carefully filter the maintenance list, it will be completely regarded as ‘ Water fish ’ Treat! " Mr. Liu said that according to the 20,000-kilometer routine maintenance of general vehicles, it is mainly necessary to replace the "three filters" such as engine oil filter and air conditioner filter and clean the air conditioner. Even the Land Rover brand costs only about 3,000 yuan.

　　Reporter’s investigation:

　　"Monchacha" car owners are easy to be pitted

　　"It’s basically what the 4S shop tells me to do, and I don’t quite understand when to do maintenance." In the reporter’s random interview with several car owners, there are quite a few such answers. The owner of a German luxury car showed the reporter the list of historical maintenance and settlement in the 4S shop, which showed that all kinds of "additives" materials such as carburetor cleaner, engine lubrication system protector and engine oil cleaner were on the list. Not only luxury cars, but also ordinary family passenger cars with low prices have similar additional items (mostly recommended by the after-sales consultants of the 4S shop). For example, a car owner who bought an American car with more than 100,000 yuan at the end of last year was recommended by the 4S shop to do "full vehicle lubrication" and "oil cleaning" when he went to the 4S shop for "second guarantee" last month, and even the tires were overcharged by nearly 1,000 yuan.

　　Master Lin, who has been engaged in automobile maintenance in Guangzhou for more than 30 years, told the reporter: "Once the owner meets ‘ Deep maintenance package ’ 、‘ Cleaning package ’ Pay more attention to the project suggestions, not every car needs similar maintenance. " He pointed out that most cleaning agents and additives are optional items. Even if the owner wants to treat his car better, the same product can be solved at only 1/3 of the price in the outside repair shop, which is the place with the largest "moisture" in the conventional maintenance project. In addition, although oil cleaning is also one of the maintenance items, it is generally recommended to use vehicles with a distance of more than 20,000 to 30,000 kilometers, but new cars are not needed. Daily attention should be paid to replacing the oil filter every six months or 5000 kilometers, so the vehicle problem is not serious.

　　There are doorways for 4S shops to make money:

　　The more expensive the car, the more it will be slaughtered.

　　Insiders pointed out that this phenomenon of "over-maintenance" of vehicles in the store is the biggest part of the profit source of 4S stores. The better the car, the more it may be "over-maintained". For example, Mr. Liu’s Land Rover originally only needed 3,000 yuan of maintenance content, but it was abruptly earned more than 7,000 yuan by the 4S shop. A Ford owner, Mr. Lei, told the reporter that the car he just bought had an engine oil leak only one year after it was opened. It was only a problem that could be solved by replacing an oil seal for free, but the 4S shop told him that it would take more than 1,500 yuan to thoroughly clean the intake system, fuel system, three-way catalysis and maintain the combustion chamber. Fortunately, Mr. Lei has experience, and then he went to the repair shop introduced by a friend and spent less than 100 yuan to handle it properly.

　　The reporter was informed that at present, 4S car shops don’t make money selling cars, so a lot of efforts have been made in lucrative after-sales service. For vehicles that come for maintenance, a lot of dispensable maintenance items are often recommended, and whether the so-called cleaning and additive items have been done or not, the owner can’t see it with the naked eye, and it is difficult to have the right to know. At the same time, the reporter noticed that the maintenance charges of 4S shops are more expensive than those of ordinary repair shops outside. For example, for a luxury car with a price of 300,000 to 400,000 yuan, minor maintenance such as replacing the "three filters" will be charged between 1,500 and 2,000 yuan for a general repair shop, but 4S stores will cost more than 5,000 yuan.

　　Care and attention:

　　Be sure to read the Maintenance Manual attached to the vehicle.

　　Many car owners have little knowledge of the structure of the car, let alone what parts to maintain for many kilometers. In this regard, the reporter interviewed some car after-sales masters from Japan, South Korea, Europe and the United States, and most of them suggested that the owner of this "check" must look at the "Maintenance Manual" of his model. "When buying a car, the manufacturers attach a Maintenance Manual with the car, which lists the maintenance items that should be done every number of years and kilometers. According to the above, it is a pity that many car owners have thrown it aside and will be fooled by the repair shop." The relevant person in charge of Guangzhou Motor Vehicle Maintenance Industry Association said that at present, the management of most automobile 4S shops is honest and reliable, but due to the pursuit of profit, it is not excluded that a few 4S shops will take advantage of the loopholes to deceive the owners.

　　However, the reporter’s investigation on the after-sales service of local dealers found that additional items such as recommending additives and in-depth maintenance have basically become common practices in most 4S shops, and 4S shops will basically be open and transparent, and publicize charges. The reporter noticed in the after-sales workshop of a 4S shop in Guangwu Automobile Trade that the sales consultant of the store will give the owner instructions on the additional items before the maintenance, and the maintenance process will be carried out according to the list after obtaining the owner’s permission. Master Lin pointed out that at this time, smart car owners may know what necessary items to do, and they can delete some redundant 4S shop recommendations, but the owners of "Mengchacha" can only be "routine" at this time. However, there are also 4S shops that tell car owners such tips as "serious carbon deposition was found in XXX parts during the inspection, and it is recommended to clean them" during the routine maintenance of vehicles to promote the maintenance package.

　　Car maintenance

　　Prevention of "Be Routine" Prompt

　　1. Maintenance discount after cash deposit

　　When some car owners buy a car, they can’t help but worry about the sales consultant, and deposit a certain amount of cash in advance. 4S stores promise to enjoy discounts for future maintenance. However, the so-called discount may only be a small discount on working hours, with a maximum of 20 to 30 yuan left, and some people shirk it for various reasons, so that you must pay the maintenance fee in full.

　　Suggestion: When buying a car, it involves the after-sales service commitment, so it must be written into the contract to prevent empty promises.

　　2. Minor maintenance and major maintenance "routines" are different.

　　General automobile maintenance can be divided into two categories: minor maintenance and major maintenance. Minor maintenance refers to the daily maintenance of the car using 5000~10000km. The most easily routine part of minor maintenance is "changing the oil and filter" and other items. Vehicles that only need to add semi-synthetic oil are hard to be fooled into adding a lot of money to synthetic engine oil. Major maintenance refers to the moderate maintenance of the car after driving 20,000 kilometers. The items that may be routine are: replenishing coolant, cleaning engine fuel system, brake pads, etc., that is, various cleaning agents and additives.

　　Suggestion: Be sure to look at the maintenance list and make sure that each item is necessary for a car. As for whether to save some money and choose an outside repair shop, it is suggested that the owner decide according to his personal consumption level.

　　3. After the warranty period, you can "take off the warranty" from the 4S shop.

　　At present, the warranty period of most vehicles ranges from "two years or 60 thousand kilometers" to "four years or 100 thousand kilometers", and new energy vehicles enjoy "six years or 150 thousand kilometers" No matter what the term is, the warranty period generally enjoys free maintenance, but it is mainly the "three filters" minor maintenance items such as replacing the engine oil and mechanical filter.

　　If the warranty period expires, the owner can "take off the warranty" from the 4S shop and carry out basic maintenance in some chain repair shops or beauty shops with good reputation, which can save a lot of money.

　　4. Bring your own materials to save money

　　It is cheaper to bring your own oil machine to 4S shop for maintenance. For the same product, it is very common for 4S shops to charge 1/3 or even several times more. However, if you bring your own materials, you should first consult the 4S shop for permission. Some 4S stores will force parts and materials that can only be supplied by "original factory channels" (that is, in-store sales).

　　Reporter Fang Liang Shi Dongbai reported that on November 1st, the start-up activities of Dalian Feed Protein Processing Project of COFCO Oil and Key Projects in Dalian were held in Beiliang Port, Jinpu New District, Dalian. Hao Peng, secretary of Liaoning Provincial Party Committee and director of the Standing Committee of Provincial People’s Congress, announced the commencement of the project. Li Lecheng, Deputy Secretary of Liaoning Provincial Party Committee and Governor, and Jun Lv, Party Secretary and Chairman of COFCO Corporation, attended the meeting.

　　The main venue of this activity is located at the site of Dalian Feed Protein Processing Project of COFCO Oil in Jinpu New District, and the activities of other 10 districts, cities, counties and pilot zones are held simultaneously by video. Before the activity began, Hao Peng and Li Lecheng listened to the introduction of Dalian’s investment operation, project construction and on-site projects. Dalian feed protein processing project of COFCO Oil is the flagship factory and important hub of COFCO’s grain and oil processing industry layout in Northeast China. The total investment of the project is about 5 billion yuan, which can process 3 million tons of oil annually after production and realize an annual operating income of 15 billion yuan. After completion, it will effectively guarantee the stable supply of feed protein and oil in Northeast China, and play an important role in safeguarding national grain and oil safety, improving the modernization level of domestic grain and oil processing industry, and enhancing the agglomeration effect of regional grain and oil industry.

　　Since the beginning of this year, Dalian has strengthened the work orientation of focusing on projects, innovatively implemented three mechanisms of project construction classification and scheduling, "horse racing" incentives, supervision and inspection, focused on projects, expanded investment, and promoted development. In the first three quarters, 1,525 projects with a return to work of more than 100 million yuan were started, a year-on-year increase of 27.1%. This time, 63 key projects were started, with a total investment of 73.3 billion yuan and an annual planned investment of 4.5 billion yuan. The project types involved modern agriculture, industry, service industry, infrastructure and other fields.

　　On behalf of the Liaoning Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government, and on behalf of Hao Peng, secretary of the Liaoning Provincial Party Committee, Li Lecheng congratulated the project on its commencement. He pointed out that the implementation of the spirit of the 20th Party Congress and the important speech delivered by the Supreme Leader General Secretary at the symposium on promoting the comprehensive revitalization of Northeast China in the new era, the key node of decisive battle in the fourth quarter and the first battle year, and the centralized start of the Dalian feed protein processing project of COFCO Oil and Key Projects in Dalian not only demonstrated the fruitful achievements made by Dalian in deepening the cooperation between the central government and the local government, but also demonstrated its determination and determination to better play the role of "high jump team" in ensuring the success of the first battle of the three-year comprehensive revitalization. I hope that Dalian will wait for no one, fight for the truth, strengthen project scheduling, do a good job in service guarantee, promote project safety construction, speed up construction, achieve production and efficiency, and form more physical workload and economic growth points; It is necessary to plan early, attract more investment, and plan to implement more high-quality projects that forge long boards to make up short boards and lay a solid foundation for long-term benefits. It is hoped that COFCO and all project units will make efforts to accelerate the early completion of the project and achieve early results, inject new kinetic energy into the high-quality development of Liaoning and Dalian, and join hands with us to innovate the cooperation mode between the central and local governments, promote the integrated development of the central and local governments, and achieve a higher level of mutual benefit and win-win results.

　　Jun Lv said that Northeast China and Liaoning are important industrial and agricultural bases of the country, and it is the unshirkable responsibility of COFCO to serve and promote the revitalization and development of Liaoning. With the in-depth implementation of the three-year action of comprehensively revitalizing the new breakthrough, Liaoning’s business environment has been continuously optimized and social expectations have continued to improve. Since the signing of the Dalian Feed Protein Processing Project of COFCO Oil, COFCO and Liaoning Province have thoroughly implemented the spirit of the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary and the Party’s 20 major decision-making arrangements, and jointly promoted the project to achieve high-quality landing in just four months. It is hoped that the project team will carefully organize, manage and construct, aim at building an intelligent, green and integrated new industrialized enterprise, and strive to build an industry-leading flagship factory. With first-class construction quality, first-class construction speed and first-class comprehensive benefits, it will ensure the smooth construction, timely completion and early production of the project, and help Liaoning to accelerate the construction of a modern industrial system. COFCO will take the start of this key project as an opportunity to promote the cooperation with Liaoning to a higher level, extend in a wider field and expand in a deeper degree with greater efforts and more practical measures, and make new contributions to Liaoning’s revitalization and development.

　　Xiong Maoping, member of the Standing Committee of Liaoning Provincial Party Committee and secretary of Dalian Municipal Party Committee, delivered a speech, attended by provincial leaders Jiang Youwei and Wang Libo, presided over by Dalian Mayor Chen Shaowang, and attended by relevant leaders of COFCO, responsible comrades of relevant departments and subsidiaries, and mainly responsible comrades of relevant provincial departments. Wu Zhao, General Manager of Linde Engineering (Dalian) Co., Ltd., and Fu Zhengji, Vice President of Shanshan Commercial Group Co., Ltd. delivered speeches on behalf of newly started project units.

today，

We tell a special story,

The hero of the story,

Is a poor old man in China,

She died of illness in Beijing eight years ago.

After she left, her son came to her house,

Recalling my mother’s dribs and drabs,

I can’t help crying.

Take a closer look, and you will find that,

The home where the old man lived before his death was really shabby.

The furniture is all old things from the 1950s.

Piles of books filled the whole room.

And her own life is really sad,

The shoes I used to wear were patched three times.

In this small bed, I sleep for decades.

Presumably this poor old man,

Just an ordinary person,

But if you get to know it more carefully, you will be shocked.

becauseThis old man from China,

Her life is enough to shock the whole worldThe world!

Star in China entertainment circle,

Today, derailment can explode friends circle.

We must tell you her true story,

Because she is the real China aristocrat!

She represents the belief that our time should have,

And the true national spirit!

She is.He Zehui

In the early spring of 1914,

In March, the wind filled the forest, and the willow trees stayed in the shade.

He Jia, a clan with a ancestral home in Shanxi,

Welcome the third daughter, named He Zehui.

From birth, she was a proper aristocrat.

Because of her family background,

So prominent.

He Zehui and his sister (He Zehui on the right)

According to historical records, during the 300 years of the Qing Dynasty,

Her family produced 15 Jinshi and 29 Juren.

The imperial examination is a thousand troops crossing the wooden bridge.

But the feeling that any family just walked out of the broad road,

There is a local saying that:

There is no reason not to open a subject.

In modern times, He Jia was even more formidable!

Let’s talk about how rich it is first.

Everyone knows that Suzhou has a world cultural heritage.

Is the world-famous Netscape Garden,

And this garden is the family’s private residence!

Let’s talk about the family members, all of whom are dragons and phoenixes.

He Zehui’s father.Cheng He, members of the League,

Commissioner from the official to the Central Supervision Institute;

motherWangjishan,Physics translator;

elder sisterHe Yizhen,

China’s first female doctor of physics;

elder brotherHe Zemin, an expert in metallography;

younger brotherHe zeyong,China cytology expert;

younger sisterHe zeying,China botanist.

And her grandparents are not simple,

(maternal) grandfatherWang songweiCai Yuanpei’s teacher;

grandmotherXie changda,China famous educator,

Established Zhenhua Girls’ School (Yang Jiang’s alma mater).

Cousins, cousins, cousins,

Any one is also an elite in a million.

Wang Jilie,

China was the first translator of modern physics;

Wangji chicory, the first female doctor of chemistry in China;

Wang mingzhen, physicist;

Wang Shoujue, China semiconductor electronics scientist;

Wang Shouwu,

Pioneer and founder of semiconductor technology in China;

He Zehui’s cousin-in-lawLu Xueshan,Ge tingsui,

Are famous physicists. ……

Among them, Wang Shoujue, Wang Shouwu, Lu Xueshan, Ge Tingsui,

And He Zehui and her husband Qian Sanqiang,

All are academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

He Zehui (right) was with his brothers and sisters in his childhood, which was a typical upper-class family in China at that time.

In such a brilliant family with talented people,

He Zehui was also extraordinary since childhood.

Xiaowen is literate and loves reading.

More different from the old-fashioned women nearby,

Set ambitious goals early:

Learn science to serve the country and save the people from fire and water!

In China in 1932, women were still discriminated against.

At the age of 18, she dared to break through the feudal shackles.

Decided to go to college alone,

Father joked with her:

"If you don’t pass the exam, you will come back as a maid."

Unexpectedly, she entered the physics department of Tsinghua in this exam.

Become the only "female champion" of the year.

He Zehui and her sister He Yizhen (the first female doctor of physics in China)

The decision to enter the university,

Make her a great woman in the future,

Beneath her gentle face,

It hides great courage enough to set off huge waves.

College life is fleeting,

After she graduated first in physics,

With a full report on the country,

Straight to the Department of Technical Physics of the Higher Institute of Technology in Berlin,

She wants to learn something more powerful,

So as to defeat the Japanese invaders.

However, Professor Critz, the dean of the department, turned her down.

Because this department is classified by nature,

Foreigners don’t accept anything,

I won’t let a girl study ballistics.

As soon as she heard it, she argued:

"Professor,

You have been to China.When we are consultants of the Department of Military Industry,

Help us fight the Japanese invaders.

Now, in order to fight the Japanese invaders,

Come here to study this major,

Why don’t you accept me? "

Critz froze,

He didn’t expect this girl to be thin and small.

Have such a strong patriotism,

Critz was deeply moved by her.

In this way, with unparalleled courage, He Zehui,

Across the gender gap,

Became the first foreign country in the department.womanInternational students.

In 1943, she received her doctorate.

Continue to engage in nuclear physics research in Germany.

Although she was in Germany at that time,

But I miss my motherland and my family all the time.

But China was at war,

It is difficult for her to contact her relatives.

Just then, she thought of someone,

Studying in Franceqian sanqiang.

He was her classmate in Tsinghua,

Born in the same illustrious family,

He is the second son of Qian Xuantong, a great master of Chinese studies.

At that time, one was smart and the other was gentle.

Love each other, but because they are too shy,

No one said love first.

In 1936, graduation photo of the Department of Physics in Tsinghua University, the girl with long braids in the front row was 22-year-old He Zehui, and the leftmost one in the back row was 23-year-old Qian Sanqiang.

Until she wrote him a letter in Germany,

Ask him if he can report her safety to her parents,

Since then, the two have been passing books and their feelings have been warming up.

In 1945, he finally got up the courage to propose to her.

Because of wartime restrictions, letters can only be written in 25 words.

He wrote in a 25-word letter:

"I ask you to get married, and if you agree,

Please write back and I will wait for you to return to China together. "

She didn’t even hesitate after reading the letter.

Just write down:

"Thank you for your love, I will always be loyal to you.

Let’s go back to China together after we meet. "

That’s it,

She left Germany for Qian Sanqiang’s Paris,

The wedding was held in the presence of the Curies.

But because of the civil war,

They had to stay in France for the time being,

She entered the Curie laboratory to work.

Unexpectedly, she is in France,

Actually wrote a paragraph.The most brilliant chapter of scientific career!

He Zehui (left) and Elena Curie in 1946.

He Zehui, who has always been brave and independent,

Will not be content to just be the woman behind her husband,

She has enough ability to stand side by side with her lover.

She worked with her husband Qian Sanqiang,

Three-splitting and four-splitting phenomena of uranium nucleus were discovered.

These major discoveries caused great repercussions after they were announced.

Major western mainstream media are scrambling to report,

Called yes"After the Second World War,

One of the most meaningful jobs in physics ",

She is also internationally respected as,

Madame Curie of China.

At that time, this discovery that shocked the world,

Enough to win the Nobel Prize,

But because of the world’s discrimination against China,

The Nobel Prize did not distribute medals fairly.

A photo of husband and wife in Paris.

But she still attracts international attention,

Many top scientific research institutions compete to hire her.

However, at this time, she and her husband resolutely decided,

Go back to devastated China.

On the one hand, there is a high salary and excellent conditions.

On the one hand, the poor and white motherland in the war,

With their skills,

Enough to achieve greater honor in the future.

But these things,

They just give up without blinking.

In 1948,

The two went through hardships and returned to their haunted motherland.

She carried it with Qian Sanqiang,

The important task of establishing the Institute of Modern Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Without funds, skills and talents,

But in this poor place without a simple instrument,

Their blood is boiling,

At the junkyard, at the old grocery store,

In all that dust and dirt,

Looking for components that can be used.

Scientists of that era,

Words can’t describe what they have suffered,

It is impossible to measure their love for the motherland!

After several years of hard work,

The Institute of Physics has expanded to 150 people.

This is the first nuclear physics research team in New China!

Qian Sanqiang is recognized as the father of China’s atomic bomb.

But few people know,

She also worked for China’s nuclear weapons,

Made unparalleled achievements.

She went to the Soviet Union,

Find the key accelerator of nuclear energy for our country,

She also completed neutron experiments.

It provides the necessary conditions for the atomic bomb explosion.

Then, they failed to escape the catastrophe,

She was knocked down and robbed,

She and Qian Sanqiang were put in a bullpen for reeducation through labor,

The couple were tortured,

Raising pigs, cleaning toilets, being criticized …

But in such a hell on earth,

They are still at peace,

Still with endless enthusiasm for science.

By 1973, at the age of 59,

Finally ushered in a turning point in fate.

This year, the Institute of High Energy Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences was established.

She was invited to be the deputy director,

She devoted herself to her work with 100% enthusiasm.

Built in Tibet,

The highest mountain latex room in the world,

Make China one of the few at that time,

One of the countries that can produce nuclear latex.

She also developed a high-altitude scientific balloon from scratch.

And space hard x-ray detection technology.

As a woman,

Her career is highly admirable,

But what she really admires,

It’s not her turbulent career,

But her indifferent and quiet character!

She never cares about material treatment,

I have been living with my husband,

In the community in the 1950s.

The walls here are falling off and broken,

The dark corridor is covered with small advertisements for dredging sewers.

And what they live in is a small room of 20 square meters.

There is no other decoration except the wooden floor.

The unit will send her a special car to take her to work.

She resolutely refused to take the bus until she was 92 years old;

The clothes she wears are all cheap goods for more than ten yuan.

Wear a pair of liberation shoes all the year round,

She doesn’t care about food either,

A few steamed buns will satisfy her.

Even attending international conferences,

Wearing shoes with three patches,

An artificial leather schoolbag with broken straps.

Does she really have no money?

Yes, she does!

The private house she inherited, Suzhou Netscape Garden,

This is an immeasurable wealth.

But I’m afraidWorld capitalI do not know,

This rich manor,

She did not hesitate.I donated it to the country!

She is loyal to her motherland and extremely loyal to love.

And Qian Sanqiang for more than half a century,

Work together for China’s nuclear cause,

Never give up after the storm.

However, in 1992Qian Sanqiang died,

Before she left this world forever.

He left, leaving her endless thoughts,

She still lives in a shabby neighborhood,

Things in the house have hardly changed position,

Preserving the appearance of Qian Sanqiang when he was alive,

It was her eternal memory of him …

But she has more important things to do,

She’s not as tenacious as an old man in his late 80 s,

Keep all your sadness in your heart,

Still insist on going to work all day to do research.

Because this country is not strong yet,

She worked hard for it for most of her life,

Now I have to do my best,

Push it a little further, a little further. ……

At the age of 92, she accidentally fell and hurt her foot.

I still have to go to work after I recover.

The company can’t beat her, so it has to be picked up by car.

But she didn’t want to,

Finally, I reluctantly agreed to the shuttle bus in the unit.

This spirit,

Even academician Wang Dayan couldn’t help sighing:

From the beginning of a bright spring day, I go to work with my schoolbag on my back.

Please ask how old your aunt is. At 90, she is childlike.

Sometimes I don’t understand,Why are these scientists,

Can’t enjoy the welfare benefits,

I realized later,

Coming from that poor and white era,

Every penny,I can’t wait to spend it all on the country.

Don’t spend every penny on yourself.!

In 2000, Academician He Zehui was at the launch site of Shenzhou II.

Since 2005,

Premier Wen Jiabao visits her every year,

But few people know,

Probably only this old lady,

Dare to take out a little Mazar,

Greet the Prime Minister and say, "Sit here!"

Along the way, she is brave, intelligent, passionate,

Indifferent to fame and wealth,

Strange girl, who is as good as any other hero,

Finally tired, too.

On June 20, 2011,

Aft a long life journey of nearly a century,

Madame Curie of China,

The great nuclear physicist He Zehui,

Silently closed his eyes forever.

This life, her background and family background,

Are suffocating and powerful,

But there is no arrogance in her,

But plain to the dust.

Even leaving,

She is so low-key with endless light,

Without starting the slightest ripple.

And because of her husband Qian Sanqiang’s aura,

Because of her gender, but also because of her low profile,

Her name was hidden behind many scientists.

But she is no less than any legendary man,

She is the first female member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

China’s first generation of nuclear physicists,

Is a world-class scientific master,

But also a real aristocrat,

Represents the true national spirit of China!

Real aristocrats,

Not because you are born in a rich family, you live a luxurious life.

Just because everyone knows it, it’s full of style,

The true national spirit,

It is self-improvement and unswerving commitment to faith.

Always full of a pure heart,

For the endless efforts of the motherland,

Never considered the slightest request.

This is,

Admirable China aristocrats,

This is,

Really strong enough to make people look up to the national spirit!

Notice of the General Office of Hunan Provincial People’s Government on Printing and Distributing the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" for Healthy Hunan.

Xiang Zheng Ban Fa [2021] No.48

The people’s governments of cities, counties and cities, the provincial government departments and commissions, and the directly affiliated institutions:

　　"Healthy Hunan" 14 th Five-Year Plan "has been agreed by the provincial party committee and the provincial people’s government, and is hereby issued to you. Please earnestly organize and implement it according to the actual situation.

　　General Office of Hunan Provincial People’s Government

　　August 20, 2021

　　(This piece is made public voluntarily)

Healthy Hunan "14th Five-Year Plan" Construction Plan

　　In order to promote the construction of a healthy Hunan, serve the overall economic and social development of the province, and continuously meet the growing health needs of urban and rural residents, this plan is formulated according to the requirements of the Implementation Plan for Implementing the Outline of the Plan for Healthy China 2030 in Hunan Province and the Outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development in Hunan Province and the Long-term Objectives for the Year 2035.

　　I. Planning background

　　(1) The basis of the 13th Five-Year Plan.

　　1.Public health services have been continuously optimized, and the prevention and control of major diseases have achieved remarkable results.COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control achieved phased strategic results. The performance appraisal of basic public health service projects ranks among the top in the country. Legal infectious diseases such as AIDS and tuberculosis continue to maintain a low epidemic level, and malaria has achieved the goal of elimination. The vaccination rate of national immunization program for school-age children is stable at over 95%. The incidence of vaccine-targeted infectious diseases such as hepatitis B, epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis and Japanese encephalitis in children is at a historically low level. The premature mortality caused by cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes is decreasing year by year. All the 41 endemic counties (cities, districts and farms) have reached the standard of elimination or transmission interruption. The comprehensive score of management and treatment of severe mental disorders ranks second in the country. The comprehensive supervision mechanism of the medical and health industry has been initially established, and the monitoring points of food pollutants and harmful factors cover all administrative regions at or above the county level. Seven national health cities and 41 national health towns (counties) were established. The "Guiding Opinions on Strengthening Health Promotion and Education" was first issued in China, and the level of residents’ health literacy improved steadily.

　　2.The medical service system has become more perfect, and the task of health and poverty alleviation has been successfully completed.Actively promote the construction of national medical centers and national regional medical centers, and add 119 provincial key clinical specialties. County "Dimethyl" public hospitals, maternal and child health care institutions, general practitioners in township health centers, and village clinics have achieved full coverage. The graded diagnosis and treatment system has been continuously improved, and the hospitalization rate in the county has reached 90.92%. The comprehensive reform of public hospitals has been promoted in an all-round way, and the establishment of modern hospital management system has been accelerated. The proportion of public hospitals with secondary and above hospital regulations has reached 99.80%. The health poverty alleviation policy system and guarantee mechanism have been gradually improved, and the participation rate of poor people has reached 100%; Give full play to the comprehensive guarantee function of the triple system of basic medical insurance, serious illness insurance and medical assistance, and the actual reimbursement rate of hospitalization medical expenses for the three guarantees reached 74.80%; Carrying out "one-stop" settlement of health poverty alleviation has formed a "one-stop" settlement model with Hunan characteristics, and the proportion of comprehensive security reimbursement for poor people has reached 87.55%.

　　3.The level of medical security has been steadily improved, and breakthroughs have been made in the construction of drug supply security system.We will comprehensively coordinate basic medical insurance and maternity insurance at the municipal level, and the participation rate of urban and rural basic medical insurance will remain above 95%. We will generally coordinate general outpatient medical insurance for urban and rural residents, and establish a drug security mechanism for outpatients with hypertension and diabetes. Within the policy scope of primary medical and health institutions, the proportion of outpatient medical expenses paid within the annual maximum payment limit is 70%. The proportion of medical insurance payment for hospitalization expenses within the policy scope of urban workers and urban and rural residents reached 82.27% and 72.04% respectively. The maximum annual compensation for serious illness insurance for urban and rural residents is 300,000 yuan. We fully implemented the national centralized drug procurement policy, and took the lead in purchasing antibacterial drugs in China. The average decline of 154 drugs won the bid was 35%, and the total purchase amount decreased by 23.82%. The reform of medical insurance payment methods has been steadily advanced, and the pilot of disease diagnosis related group payment (DRG) has achieved remarkable results. Government-run primary medical and health institutions and administrative village clinics all implement the basic drug system. Improve the procurement mechanism of high-value medical consumables and cancel the addition of medical consumables in public hospitals. Strengthen the management of medical service items, announce and implement more than 100 new medical service price items, and include 4517 medical service price items. Continue to optimize the direct settlement process of hospitalization expenses for cross-provincial medical treatment in different places. There are 963 designated medical institutions for direct settlement of cross-provincial medical treatment in different places in the province, and the number of people effectively registered on the national platform reaches 896,000.

　　4.Strong health protection for key populations and accelerated transformation of family planning services.Maternal and child health care and family planning technical service resources were effectively integrated, and people’s livelihood services such as "two cancers" free examination for rural school-age and urban low-income women and free prenatal screening for pregnant women were effectively implemented. 143 new centers for critically ill pregnant women and 149 centers for critically ill newborns were built. Maternal mortality rate, infant mortality rate and mortality rate of children under 5 hit record lows, which were significantly lower than the national average. It was the first in the country to issue the "Measures for the Prevention and Control of Birth Defects in Hunan Province". With comprehensive measures, the incidence of birth defects continued to decline. The health service system for the elderly has been continuously improved, and the proportion of geriatrics departments in secondary and above general hospitals has reached 50.80%. The newly diagnosed occupational diseases decrease by about 5% every year on average, and the rescue mode of pneumoconiosis migrant workers is promoted throughout the country. We will steadily implement the the universal two-child policy, promote the development of care services for infants under 3 years old, and fully implement various reward and assistance systems and preferential policies for family planning. The reform of the Family Planning Association has been steadily promoted, and projects such as hospitalization care subsidies, health insurance and happiness project for special family planning have benefited more than 200,000 families with family planning difficulties every year.

　　5.The development of Chinese medicine has reached a new level, and the inheritance and innovation have been fruitful.The "Measures for Implementing the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Law on Traditional Chinese Medicine" was promulgated, and the Chinese medicine service system and capacity building, personnel training and scientific and technological innovation were comprehensively promoted. There is a municipal hospital of traditional Chinese medicine in every city and state, a county-level public hospital of traditional Chinese medicine in 84 counties and cities, and 224 provincial-level key specialties of traditional Chinese medicine. Departments of "preventing diseases" are generally set up in secondary and above Chinese medicine hospitals, and the number of community health service centers, township hospitals, community health service stations and village clinics that can provide traditional Chinese medicine services is 100%, 97.70%, 84.00%, respectively. Remarkable achievements have been made in the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine. One national clinical research base of traditional Chinese medicine, three basic evidence-based capacity-building bases of traditional Chinese medicine, and 76 inheritance studios of famous and old Chinese medicine experts have been newly approved. Promote the protection and development of traditional Chinese medicine, and the planting area of traditional Chinese medicine has reached 4.3 million mu. The culture of traditional Chinese medicine continued to spread, and 3 national-level publicity and education bases of traditional Chinese medicine culture and 10 provincial-level popular science education bases were approved.

　　6.The cause of health and wellness has been promoted in a coordinated manner, and its development potential has been continuously enhanced.The total number of medical and health personnel basically meets the people’s demand for medical and health services, and the distribution of medical and health personnel in urban and rural areas and regions tends to be reasonable. Scientific and technological innovation has achieved fruitful results and won the second prize of National Scientific and Technological Progress in 2017, 2018 and 2020 respectively. The system of laws and regulations has been continuously improved, and the ability and level of administration, decision-making and handling affairs according to law have been improved as a whole. International exchanges and cooperation have been deepened, and foreign aid medical care and special medical assistance projects have been highly affirmed by the National Health and Wellness Commission and recipient countries. The provincial-level national health information platform has been basically built, and the electronic health card registration application has achieved full coverage, and the application has been continuously upgraded and expanded. Relying on Medical Insurance electronic certificate to Build a Public Service Platform of "Hunan Medical Insurance". Internet medical service prices and medical insurance payment policies have been continuously improved. The construction of "Internet+medical health" has achieved initial results, with 33 Internet hospitals built, and tertiary hospitals generally provide smart medical services.

　　(2) Development opportunities in the Tenth Five-Year Plan.

　　Major strategic decisions give new missions.The CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the Outline of Healthy China 2030, which incorporated the construction of healthy China into the overall national development strategy. Introduced "the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China
The State Council’s Opinions on Deepening the Reform of the Medical Security System has systematically deployed the comprehensive deepening of the reform of the medical security system. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee proposed to improve the social security system covering the whole people, improve the sustainable basic medical insurance system for urban and rural areas, and improve the level of medical security. The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee made a major strategic deployment of "accelerating the construction of a new development pattern with the domestic macro-cycle as the main body and the domestic and international dual-cycle promoting each other". It is urgent to protect people’s health, enhance people’s physique, save long-term potential energy for economic development and expand the potential of domestic demand by developing health undertakings. The 12th Plenary Session of the 11th Provincial Party Committee has included the improvement of people’s health level in the implementation of the "three highs and four innovations" strategy, and the important position of health work in the overall strategy of economic and social development has been further highlighted.

　　COVID-19 epidemic promotes new changes.The outbreak of the epidemic in COVID-19 shows the extreme importance of ensuring public health safety and safeguarding people’s health rights and interests. Party committees and governments at all levels have paid unprecedented attention to health and health work, and the health awareness of the whole people has been significantly enhanced, which will promote the profound transformation, reform and innovation of the concept and mode of health and health development.

　　Scientific and technological innovation cultivates new kinetic energy.A new round of scientific and technological revolution and digital transformation has been advanced in depth. Information technologies such as 5G, artificial intelligence, blockchain, big data and Internet of Things have developed rapidly. "New infrastructure" has accelerated the transformation of digital development, and major technologies such as genetic engineering and molecular diagnosis have accelerated the transformation and application, providing strong impetus and key support for the high-quality development of health care.

　　(3) Main challenges.

　　The influencing factors of people’s health are complex and diverse.Emerging infectious diseases such as COVID-19 are constantly appearing, which brings great challenges to disease prevention and control, health emergency management and medical treatment of epidemic situation. Multiple health needs such as "one old and one small" are concentrated in generate, and the pressure on health services is increasing. The living environment and lifestyle of residents have changed profoundly, and chronic diseases and their risk factors have become an important public health problem. AIDS, tuberculosis and other major infectious diseases seriously endanger people’s health, endemic diseases and occupational diseases can not be ignored, the food and drug safety situation is more severe, and environmental pollution such as air, water and soil and accidental injuries continue to damage health.

　　The bottleneck problem that restricts development is increasingly prominent.There are obvious shortcomings in the disease prevention and control system, health emergency management system and major epidemic prevention and control system and mechanism, the division of labor and cooperation mechanism between public health institutions and medical institutions is not perfect, and the combination of medicine and prevention is not close. The reform of medical and health system has entered the "deep water area", and the mechanism of "three medical linkages" has not been completely straightened out. It is still very difficult to reform the salary system in public hospitals, and the proportion of residents’ personal health expenditure in the total health expenditure has declined slowly. The quality and structural problems of medical resources are more prominent. The level of high-quality resources is not high, the total amount is insufficient, and the distribution is uneven. The basic medical and health institutions have a large gap in infrastructure construction and weak health service capacity, and the lack of resources and waste of resources coexist. The service system of traditional Chinese medicine needs to be improved. The birth population continued to decline, and the total growth trend weakened. The change of disease spectrum, the aging population and the contradiction between the limited financing ability of medical insurance and the increasing demand have brought severe challenges to the sustainable development of medical insurance.

　　Second, the overall requirements

　　(1) Guiding ideology.

　　Guided by the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era, we will thoroughly implement the spirit of the Party’s 19th National Congress, the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th Plenary Sessions of the 19th National Congress and the important speeches made by the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader when he visited Hunan, adhere to the overall leadership of the Party, and constantly improve the ability and level of implementing new development concepts and building a new development pattern based on the new development stage. Adhere to the people first, life first, put health in the strategic position of giving priority to development, take high-quality development as the theme, take healthy Hunan construction as the main line, base on the present and take a long-term view, and continuously build a health and health governance system that is linked with economic and social development, adapted to people’s health needs and matched with modern scientific and technological progress, so as to provide health protection for implementing the strategy of "three highs and four innovations" and building a modern new Hunan.

　　(2) Basic principles.

　　Adhere to the people-oriented, health first.Integrate health into the whole process of public policy formulation and implementation, and reflect health priority, highlight health goals and ensure health needs in economic and social development. Establish and improve the system and mechanism for the whole society to jointly promote health, advocate the concept of "everyone is the first responsible person for their own health", and promote the formation of a government-led, multi-party participation, co-construction and sharing pattern.

　　Adhere to prevention and move forward.Promote the transformation from treating diseases as the center to people’s health as the center, strengthen the construction of public health system, promote the integration of medical care and prevention, and improve the division of labor and cooperation mechanism between public health and medical services. Starting from the universality, sociality and integrity of health influencing factors, we should treat both the symptoms and root causes and comprehensively implement policies to reduce social medical costs and reduce the disease burden of the masses.

　　Adhere to demand orientation, reform and innovation.Actively comply with the people’s diversified, differentiated and personalized health needs, continue to deepen the reform of the medical and health system, adhere to the linkage of medical care, medical insurance and medicine, promote the comprehensive pilot of provincial medical reform, give play to the strategic purchasing role of medical insurance funds, promote the high-quality coordinated development of the medical service system, and continuously release the reform dividend so that the fruits of reform and development can benefit the whole people.

　　Adhere to factor optimization, improve quality and increase efficiency.Optimize the allocation of resources, strengthen functional integration and division of labor and cooperation, and improve the level and quality of medical and health services. Give full play to the supporting role of talents and science and technology, promote the innovative development of medical and health care and information technology, and promote the transformation of health care from extensive development of scale expansion to intensive development of quality and efficiency improvement.

　　Adhere to balanced development and make overall plans.Strengthen the overall concept, pay attention to the ability and be more sustainable, adhere to the public welfare of basic medical and health services, promote the equalization of basic public services in the field of health, focus on solving the problem of insufficient imbalance in the development of health services, narrow the differences in basic health services and health protection levels between urban and rural areas, regions and populations, and promote health equity.

　　(3) development goals.

　　1.Goals during the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period.By 2025, everyone will enjoy better quality health services and a higher level of health security, the health level of residents will continue to improve, the main health indicators will continue to improve, and the people’s sense of acquisition, happiness and security will be significantly enhanced.

　　——The Healthy Hunan Action was effectively implemented, and the work pattern of "great health and great health" was accelerated.The health promotion policy system is basically sound, the residents’ health literacy level has been steadily improved, the healthy lifestyle has been fully popularized, the mental health and mental health service system has been improved day by day, the rising trend of the incidence of major chronic diseases has been curbed, the hazards of infectious diseases, endemic diseases and occupational diseases have been effectively controlled, and the health needs of key groups such as "one old and one young" have been better met.

　　——The public health system was optimized and strengthened, and the ability to respond to public health emergencies was effectively enhanced.Building a strong public health system, the modernization level of the disease prevention and control system has been comprehensively improved, the health emergency management system has been responsive, intelligent and efficient, the grassroots "net bottom" has become more stable, the medical treatment capacity of major epidemics has been greatly enhanced, and public health security has been effectively guaranteed.

　　——The medical service system has been continuously improved, and the service capacity and level have been comprehensively improved.The allocation of medical resources is more reasonable and optimized, the grading diagnosis and treatment system is accelerated, the modern hospital management system is sound and perfect, the high-quality development of public hospitals has achieved remarkable results, the characteristics and advantages of Huxiang traditional Chinese medicine service system have been fully exerted, the medical service capacity in the county has been improved as a whole, and the transfer rate outside the province has continued to decline.

　　——The reform of the medical security system continued to deepen, and the medical supply security system was more perfect.A multi-level medical security system has been initially formed, the reform of medical insurance payment methods has been normalized, the multi-component payment method based on diseases (disease groups) has been fully implemented, the linkage mechanism of drug supply guarantee and purchase price has been standardized and improved, the modernization level of basic medical insurance fund management has been continuously strengthened, intelligent supervision has been comprehensively promoted, and the fairness and accessibility of medical insurance public services have been greatly improved.

　　——Governance efficiency has been significantly improved, and the career development model is mature and sustainable.The governance system of administration according to law in the field of health is becoming more and more perfect, the mechanism of talent training, introduction, use management and evaluation and incentive is constantly improving, the strength of scientific research and education continues to grow, information technology is deeply integrated with various businesses, the intelligent level of health services is significantly improved, and the competitiveness of health industry is further enhanced.

Main indicators of healthy Hunan construction in the 14 th Five-Year Plan

　　2.two〇Long-term goal for three to five years.By 2035, a healthy Hunan will be built with high quality, the comprehensive strength and development quality of health undertakings will rank among the first phalanx in the country, and a health and health governance system suitable for the basic realization of socialist modernization in Hunan Province will be established. The people’s physical and mental health quality will be comprehensively improved, the average life expectancy will reach 80 years, the main health indicators will reach the national first-class level, and health equity will be basically realized.

　　Third, implement the Healthy Hunan Action

　　(1) Intervention on health influencing factors.

　　1.Popularize a healthy lifestyle.Strengthen the standardized management of health science popularization, establish the expert database and resource database of health science popularization, and improve the release and dissemination mechanism of health science popularization knowledge. Strengthen the construction of health education positions, and promote medical institutions and medical personnel to implement health education and health promotion. Widely publicize and popularize health knowledge and skills, fully implement the national nutrition plan of Hunan Province, and continue to carry out the national healthy lifestyle action. Establish a health literacy and lifestyle monitoring system covering the whole province, and the level of residents’ health literacy reaches 25%. Promote the construction of national and provincial health promotion counties (cities, districts), and the number of completed counties (cities, districts) in the province will reach 35%. Solidly carry out tobacco control compliance work, and promote the construction of standardized smoking cessation clinics in general hospitals above the second level. In-depth development of smoke-free party and government organs, smoke-free medical and health institutions, smoke-free schools and smoke-free families.

　　2.Promote mental health and mental health.Actively carry out mental health promotion, do a good job in mental health knowledge and popular science of mental diseases, and increase the publicity of mental health popular science for the whole people. Improve the mental health and mental health service system, cultivate socialized mental health service institutions, and explore the establishment of common mental disorders prevention and treatment models. We will improve the comprehensive management mechanism of mental health, implement rescue for severe mental disorders, standardize services for patients with severe mental disorders, and keep the registered management rate of severe mental disorders above 95%. Improve the standards and management norms of community rehabilitation service system for mental disorders, and strengthen the protection of rehabilitation services for patients with mental disorders. Establish a psychological crisis intervention platform, and incorporate psychological crisis intervention and psychological assistance into various emergency plans and technical programs at all levels. Strengthen the construction of psychological crisis intervention team, deal with acute stress reaction in time, and prevent and reduce extreme behavior.

　　3.Strengthen the monitoring of food safety risks and environmental impact factors.Improve the management mechanism of local food safety standards and enterprise standards, improve the local food safety risk monitoring and evaluation and standard management system, and standardize the submission, collection, analysis and judgment of monitoring data. Strengthen food safety risk monitoring, improve the responsibility system, promote the integration of food-borne disease monitoring counties and villages, cover all food-borne disease medical institutions, and carry out continuous monitoring of key areas and key projects that are harmful to health, such as heavy metals and radiation. Comprehensively improve the ability of epidemiological investigation of food-borne diseases and traceability analysis of food safety accidents. Strengthen the food safety risk assessment mechanism and team building, and promote the application of risk assessment results. Strengthen the monitoring and evaluation of environmental health impacts such as atmosphere, water and soil, establish a representative monitoring network of residents’ ecological environment and health literacy, and strive to improve residents’ ecological environment and health literacy. Carry out in-depth research on the relationship between environmental pollution and diseases, health risk early warning and protective intervention, and actively prevent and control diseases related to environmental pollution. Improve the monitoring network of drinking water quality to ensure the safety of drinking water. Strengthen the monitoring of health hazards in public places, and actively prevent and control road traffic injuries and quality and safety accidents of consumer goods.

　　(2) Maintaining the health of key populations.

　　1.Promote the realization of a moderate fertility level.Organize and implement the three-child birth policy according to law and improve supporting policies and measures. Strengthen population monitoring, grasp the law of population development, strengthen the comprehensive management of sex ratio at birth, and optimize the population structure. Promote the construction and transformation of barrier-free facilities and maternal and child facilities in public places, accelerate the development of infant care services under 3 years old, and standardize the development of various forms of infant care services. Strengthen the health care work of infant care service institutions to ensure the physical and mental health of infants. We will continue to implement various reward and assistance systems and preferential policies for family planning, further improve the all-round assistance system for family planning special families, and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of family planning families.

　　2.Ensure the health of women and children.Strengthen the standardized construction and management of maternal and child health service institutions, rationally increase the allocation of beds, and pay attention to the construction of the shortage of talents. Strict implementation of pregnancy risk screening and evaluation, high-risk project management, critical care, death case report and other systems, strengthen the construction of critical pregnant women and critical newborn care centers to ensure the safety of mothers and infants. Continue to implement the "Measures for the Prevention and Control of Birth Defects in Hunan Province" and strictly implement the three-level prevention measures for birth defects. The pre-pregnancy eugenics health examination rate, prenatal screening rate and neonatal genetic metabolic disease screening rate reached 80%, 80% and 98% respectively. Strengthen pre-marriage, pre-pregnancy, pregnancy, neonatal period and childhood health care, and popularize and apply the Handbook of Mother and Child Health Care. The systematic management rate of pregnant women, children under 3 years old and children under 7 years old are all 90%. Continue to implement public health services such as "two cancers" examination for rural school-age women and urban low-income women, prenatal screening for pregnant women, and prevention of mother-to-child transmission of AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis B. We will strengthen the construction of special specialties for maternal and child health care and reproductive medicine, and integrate maternal and child health care and reproductive health into the overall situation of maternal and child health services.

　　3.Care for teenagers’ physical and mental health.Improve the construction of existing primary and secondary health care institutions, and speed up the establishment of a system of primary and secondary health care institutions to contact primary and secondary schools. Implement health education and health promotion in schools, strengthen the publicity of knowledge on prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in schools, improve the early warning mechanism, and effectively prevent and treat legal infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and AIDS. Strengthen the prevention and control of myopia among children and adolescents, improve the working mechanism of comprehensive prevention and control of myopia among children and adolescents, and strive to reduce the myopia rate by more than 0.5 percentage points on average every year. Carry out monitoring and evaluation of students’ health hazards, and do a good job in the prevention and treatment of common diseases such as dental caries and obesity. Do a good job in food safety on campus, strengthen nutrition management and guidance for students, and ensure the food safety and nutrition health of students in school. Vigorously promote the cooperation between education departments and mental health medical institutions in the field of mental health, carry out early identification and intervention research on students’ common mental health problems and mental disorders, establish a psychological crisis intervention cooperation mechanism, strengthen two-way business communication, promote the sharing of service resources, open up a "green channel" for students’ psychological crisis referral, improve the social assistance mechanism integrating family, school and society, and promote the all-round development of students’ physical and mental health.

　　4.Strengthen occupational health protection.Strengthen the management of occupational hazards in key industries and promote enterprises to fulfill their legal responsibilities and obligations related to occupational disease prevention and control according to law. Improve the system of occupational disease hazard declaration, occupational disease report, occupational disease and its hazard factors monitoring, and the qualified rate of occupational disease hazard factors monitoring in workplaces of key industries reaches 85%. Implement management measures such as occupational health examination, occupational health trusteeship, occupational disease diagnosis and treatment and rehabilitation. Strengthen occupational health supervision and law enforcement, urge employers with serious occupational health hazards to perform the evaluation of occupational disease hazards, and the construction unit to perform the "three simultaneities" procedures for occupational disease protection facilities in construction projects. We will strengthen the protection of occupational disease treatment and implement special actions to expand the coverage of industrial injury insurance for key occupational diseases in key industries. Continue to carry out the attack on pneumoconiosis prevention and treatment, and provide assistance to migrant workers with pneumoconiosis who have no responsibility.

　　5.Promote the health of the elderly.Accelerate the improvement of the health service system for the elderly, and the standardized health management service rate for permanent residents aged 65 and above will reach 65%. Strengthen the construction of geriatrics, improve the rehabilitation medical service system, and encourage and support the development of geriatric hospitals, rehabilitation hospitals, nursing homes (centers, stations) and hospice care institutions by means of transformation and new construction of urban secondary hospitals. Carry out the construction of friendly medical institutions for the elderly. Promote the construction of a combination of medical care and nursing, support medical institutions to provide old-age care services, and directly register and record according to existing qualifications. Support old-age care institutions to bid for medical institutions. Improve the cooperation mechanism between pension institutions and medical and health institutions. Implement the project of improving the ability of combining medical care with nursing care in the community. Carry out a pilot demonstration of combining medical care with nursing care. Explore the establishment of a long-term care model for the disabled elderly from home, community to professional institutions, and promote the inclusion of qualified medical care and life care services into the scope of medical insurance fixed-point agreement management according to regulations. We will promote the pilot work of hospice care, create a "hospice care standard ward", and promote the development of hospice care services.

　　(3) Strengthen the prevention and control of major diseases.

　　1.Implement comprehensive prevention and treatment strategies for chronic diseases.Improve the monitoring and reporting mechanism and evaluation system of basic information related to the prevention and control of chronic diseases, and implement monitoring of the incidence, illness, death and risk factors of key chronic diseases. Strengthen the screening and early detection of chronic diseases, and gradually incorporate appropriate technologies for early diagnosis and treatment of major chronic diseases that meet the requirements into the routine diagnosis and treatment. We will improve the classified management of chronic diseases, and the service rate of standardized management of patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes will reach 65%. Promote early cancer screening, early diagnosis and early treatment, establish a cancer big data platform, carry out opportunistic screening of high-risk cancer species such as oral cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer and lung cancer, and formulate and apply common cancer diagnosis and treatment norms and clinical pathways. We will continue to build a demonstration zone for comprehensive prevention and control of chronic diseases, and the coverage rate of the national demonstration zone for comprehensive prevention and control of chronic diseases in the province will reach 20%.

　　2.Actively prevent and control infectious diseases and endemic diseases.Strengthen the monitoring, judgment and early warning of infectious diseases, and effectively deal with key infectious diseases such as COVID-19, unexplained pneumonia, influenza, hand, foot and mouth disease, dengue fever and measles. Actively guard against imported acute infectious diseases and strengthen the source control of major animal-borne infectious diseases. Strictly implement the national immunization plan, strengthen the capacity building of vaccine supervision and management and vaccination units, establish and improve the working mechanism of vaccine supervision and management, standardize the management of vaccination services, and keep the vaccination rate of school-age children in villages and towns (streets) above 95%. Standardize and orderly carry out vaccination in Covid-19 and establish an immune barrier. Strengthen AIDS testing, antiviral treatment and follow-up management, strictly implement clinical blood nucleic acid testing and prevent mother-to-child transmission of AIDS. Continue to strengthen the construction of tuberculosis prevention and treatment service system, focusing on the control of tuberculosis infection sources and the intervention of infected people. Comprehensively implement comprehensive prevention and treatment measures for viral hepatitis. Continue to consolidate the results of malaria elimination. Do a good job in monitoring the epidemic situation in schistosomiasis endemic areas, continue to consolidate the achievements of blocking the standards, and steadily push forward the work of eliminating the standards. Strengthen the prevention and treatment of endemic diseases such as drinking water type and coal burning type fluorosis. Strengthen port quarantine, strictly prevent and control key infectious diseases at ports, and improve international travel health services.

　　(4) Improve the work promotion mechanism.

　　Promote party committees and governments at all levels to establish and improve the organizational system, policy system, responsibility system and working system of healthy Hunan action, build a cross-departmental and cross-regional overall coordination and linkage mechanism, strengthen the mobilization of social organizations, and build a working pattern of party and government leading, departmental coordination, social participation and national action. Improve the monitoring network covering provincial, municipal and county levels, scientifically formulate and dynamically improve the monitoring index system and evaluation and assessment mechanism. Relying on information technology and introducing third-party evaluation to improve the guidance, science and authority of monitoring and evaluation. Strengthen the application of results and promote the effective implementation of various tasks of Healthy Hunan Action.

　　Fourth, build a public health barrier

　　(1) Reform the disease prevention and control system.

　　Promote the reform of disease prevention and control system, based on more accurate and effective prevention,
Straighten out the mechanism and system, clarify the functional orientation, and build a disease prevention and control system with disease prevention and control institutions at all levels and various specialized disease prevention and control institutions as the backbone, medical institutions as the support, and grassroots medical and health institutions as the bottom of the network. Strengthen the standardization construction of disease prevention and control institutions, improve the core competence of epidemic analysis and early warning, epidemiological investigation and disposal, pathogen screening and identification, tracing and tracing, strengthen the responsibilities of business guidance, supervision and management, personnel training, scientific research and teaching, and improve the expansion of service projects. Strengthen the construction of disease prevention and control team, establish a talent training and use mechanism that is compatible with the modern disease prevention and control system, optimize the professional title structure, enrich the talent reserve, and improve the incentive and guarantee policy.

　　(2) Compacting the public health responsibilities of all parties.

　　Establish a long-term mechanism for joint prevention and control, group prevention and group control, strengthen the responsibilities of territories, departments, units and individuals, and establish a multi-party public health social governance system. Improve the working mechanism of grass-roots public health, clarify the public health management institutions in towns (streets), establish a collaborative linkage mechanism with disease prevention and control institutions, and implement grid prevention and control responsibilities. Strengthen the construction of fever clinics, intestinal clinics and infectious disease monitoring posts in primary medical and health institutions, and equip primary medical and health institutions with public health doctors through "county management and township use" to promote the rapid sinking and rational distribution of public health resources. Improve the infection prevention and control system and management system of medical institutions, and set up departments to manage public health work in public medical institutions. Establish and improve the cooperation mechanism between medical institutions and public health institutions, strictly implement the reporting responsibility of infectious diseases and public health emergencies, and incorporate public health service functions into the evaluation and assessment of medical institutions.

　　(3) Enhance the ability of early monitoring and early warning.

　　Coordinate the integration of public health information resources and establish a public health monitoring and early warning system in the province. Improve the early monitoring and early warning mechanism of infectious diseases and public health emergencies caused by them, especially unexplained diseases and abnormal health events, further lay out monitoring posts at ports, airports, railway stations, long-distance passenger stations, schools, old-age care institutions, pharmacies and other places, establish a disease and symptom monitoring network, and standardize the reporting and information release system. Establish a multi-point intelligent early warning mechanism, improve the ability of real-time analysis, centralized judgment and accurate tracking, and ensure early detection, early reporting, early isolation and early treatment of infectious diseases through multi-channel and multi-category monitoring and big data analysis.

　　(4) Improve the health emergency management system.

　　Improve the coordination, information sharing, emergency response and other mechanisms to deal with public health emergencies in the province, and establish a multi-disciplinary and multi-sectoral decision-making consulting expert database. Strengthen the construction of health emergency management systems at all levels, improve health emergency plans, and improve the public health emergency material security system. Actively create a national emergency medical rescue base, a health emergency training base for emergencies, and a comprehensive health emergency experimental area. Coordinate the construction and use of the national emergency medical rescue mobile disposal center and vehicle-mounted team, and strengthen the construction and management of emergency medical rescue system. Establish a public on-site first aid training system to improve the public’s on-site first aid knowledge and skills. Strengthen the construction of pre-hospital medical emergency system and improve the level of pre-hospital emergency service. Co-ordinate resources to form a rapid response mobilization mechanism, and have the technical reserve to complete the pathogen detection of the whole population in a short time when a local epidemic occurs. Strengthen online public opinion guidance and public opinion response capacity building, and properly respond to public opinion in public health emergencies.

　　(5) Improve the mechanism for the treatment of major epidemics.

　　Coordinate the layout of medical resources, and establish a graded, layered and decentralized treatment mechanism and a regional linkage and efficient collaborative treatment network. We will implement the project to improve the treatment capacity of major epidemics, speed up the construction of major epidemic treatment bases, build municipal major epidemic treatment centers, and strengthen the construction of fever clinics, isolation wards and pathogen detection laboratories in county-level hospitals. Further strengthen the construction of disciplines such as severe illness, respiration, anesthesia and infection in designated medical institutions, set up high-level medical rescue teams and expert libraries, set up expert groups such as nucleic acid detection and hospital infection prevention and control, and strengthen the whole process quality control of infectious disease discovery, reporting, isolation, diagnosis and treatment and protection. Improve the reserves of medical resources such as shelter hospitals and standardize the collection, transshipment and disposal of medical wastes.

　　(6) Enriching the connotation of the patriotic health campaign.

　　Improve the normalization mechanism of patriotic health work, and guarantee it in terms of department setting, functional adjustment, staffing, and funding investment. Innovate ways and means to improve the comprehensive management ability of social health. We will continue to improve urban and rural environmental sanitation, improve environmental sanitation infrastructure, and actively promote the "toilet revolution" in rural areas and the treatment of domestic garbage and sewage. Organize mass activities such as "weekend health day" and "national cleaning" to standardize and strengthen the prevention and control of disease vectors. Advocate a civilized, healthy and green lifestyle, and promote healthy living habits such as keeping social distance, using public spoons and chopsticks, and wearing masks scientifically. Promote the establishment of health cities, health towns (counties), health villages and civilized health units, and actively carry out the construction activities of health cities, health villages and towns and health "cell engineering".

　　V. Improving medical service capacity

　　(1) Expanding the supply of high-quality medical resources.

　　Optimize the allocation of resources and promote the expansion of high-quality medical resources and balanced regional layout. We will comprehensively promote the construction of national medical centers and regional medical centers, and build a number of high-level hospitals with outstanding diagnosis and treatment capabilities for difficult and critical diseases, high-end talents, strong scientific research strength, superb management level and obvious radiation effects. Guided by differentiated and misplaced development, strengthen the construction of provincial key colleges (disciplines). Implement the project of expanding and sinking provincial-level high-quality medical resources, and support cities (states) to build 1-2 municipal-level regional medical centers. Strengthen the overall connection with the integration of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan and the construction of regional cooperation demonstration zones along the Hunan-Jiangxi border, support the multi-mode development of regional medical consortia and specialist alliances in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan, and encourage qualified areas to build inter-provincial border medical service highlands. Give priority to supporting the construction of specialized medical institutions such as children, psychiatry, infectious diseases and rehabilitation nursing for the elderly. Support the key specialties of provincial general hospitals and high-level specialized hospitals to take the lead in setting up specialist alliances and telemedicine cooperation networks to expand the scope of radiation services of high-quality medical resources. Strengthen the backbone support of county-level hospitals and the role of urban-rural ties, implement the "5321 Project" of county-level hospitals, promote the construction of county-level key specialties and specialized disease centers, focus on strengthening the construction of weak specialties such as emergency, pediatrics, anesthesiology and critical medicine, and clinical specialties that are in short supply, and effectively undertake tasks such as diagnosis and treatment of common diseases and frequently-occurring diseases, emergency rescue and referral of difficult diseases in the county.

　　(2) Fill in the shortcomings of primary medical services.

　　Deepen the comprehensive medical reform at the grassroots level and continuously improve the conditions of primary medical and health institutions. In accordance with the goal of creating a "15-minute medical circle", we will improve the establishment of primary medical and health institutions and facilities, and strive to strengthen the capacity building of basic medical services such as emergency rescue, routine surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, and common and frequently-occurring diseases in pediatrics. Actively promote the construction of central township hospitals and community hospitals, and continue to complete the standardization construction of substandard township hospitals and community health service centers. We will implement basic public health service projects, gradually raise the per capita subsidy standard for basic public health services, and improve the quality and performance of services. We will improve the content and function of family doctors’ contract service, expand the scope of contract service, provide comprehensive and continuous services integrating public health, basic medical care and health management for urban and rural residents, and include basic medical services in the scope of medical insurance reimbursement. Improve and implement the introduction, training, retention and multi-channel subsidy mechanism of primary medical and health personnel, and equip each township health center and street community health service center with more than 4 general practitioners, and each family doctor team with 1 general practitioner.

　　(3) Accelerate the construction of a graded diagnosis and treatment system.

　　Clarify the gradient function orientation of all kinds of medical institutions at all levels, scientifically establish the catalogue of classified diagnosis and treatment diseases and referral standards, establish a division of labor and cooperation mechanism between hospitals at different levels, hospitals and primary medical and health institutions, and continuous medical institutions, gradually realize the sharing of electronic health records and electronic medical records, and promote the mutual recognition of inspection results between medical institutions at different levels and categories. Reasonably control the single scale of public hospitals, and guide and standardize the development of "one hospital and multiple districts". Comprehensive use of administrative management, performance appraisal, medical insurance payment and cost control measures to guide tertiary public hospitals to increase the proportion of difficult diseases and critical diseases, and to divert patients with common diseases, frequently-occurring diseases and chronic diseases. We will speed up the implementation of the first consultation system in primary medical and health institutions, and primary medical and health institutions will gradually undertake general outpatient, rehabilitation and nursing services in public hospitals. We will continue to promote the graded diagnosis and treatment model of "county governance, township management and village visit" and build a new rural three-level medical service network with county as the leader, township hospitals as the hub and village clinics as the foundation. Effectively promote the construction of county-level compact medical associations and urban medical groups, explore the construction of compact regional medical associations between large public hospitals and municipal and county governments, and promote the sinking of high-quality medical resources. Support the centers for disease control and prevention to join the construction of medical associations and build an integrated medical and health prevention and treatment system. Encourage the social medical institutions and medical institutions to be included in the medical association. By 2025, we will strive to increase the rate of medical treatment in county and primary health care institutions to over 95% and 70% respectively, and keep the proportion of medical expenses in county above 80%."serious illness does not leave the county, minor illness does not leave the country."

　　(4) Improve the modern hospital management system.

　　Promote the high-quality development of public hospitals, realize the development mode of public hospitals from scale expansion to quality improvement and efficiency improvement, the operation mode from extensive management to refined management, and the resource allocation from focusing on material factors to paying more attention to talent and scientific and technological factors. Strengthen party building in public hospitals and implement the president responsibility system under the leadership of the party Committee. Establish and improve the management system of party building work in social hospitals, and standardize the affiliation of party organizations. Establish and improve the corporate governance structure of public hospitals, implement the autonomy of public hospitals, and build a working mechanism of unified leadership of party committees, division of labor and cooperation between party and government, and coordinated operation. Public hospitals have completed the formulation of articles of association, standardized the internal governance structure and power operation rules, and improved the efficiency of resource allocation and operational management benefits. We will solidly promote the building of a clean and honest party style and anti-corruption work, continue to rectify unhealthy practices in the field of medicine purchase and sale and medical services, and strengthen self-discipline and integrity building in the industry. Strengthen the construction of medical ethics system, and strengthen the medical humanistic quality and professional ethics education of medical staff. Deepen the reform of the salary system in public hospitals, reform and improve the methods of total salary verification, internal performance appraisal and salary distribution in public hospitals, reasonably determine the salary structure and level, and explore various modes such as annual salary system and agreed salary system. Comprehensively carry out the performance appraisal of public hospitals and maternal and child health care institutions, establish a provincial performance appraisal information system, and realize interconnection with the national performance appraisal information system. The assessment results will be regarded as an important basis for the development planning, major project approval, financial input, appropriation, total performance pay verification and medical insurance policy adjustment of public hospitals and maternal and child health care institutions.Strengthen the cost accounting of medical services in public hospitals, and set up the post of chief accountant in tertiary public hospitals. Support relevant hospitals to do a good job in the pilot work of high-quality development of national public hospitals.

　　(5) Promoting the innovation of medical service mode.

　　Consolidate the results of the action plan to improve medical services, deepen quality nursing services, and further improve the people’s experience of seeing a doctor. Carry out day services, increase the proportion of day operations, and encourage public hospitals to set up day wards and day clinics to provide day chemotherapy and other services. Promote the normalization and institutionalization of service models such as outpatient and inpatient multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment and one-stop service. Accelerate medical technology innovation and appropriate technology promotion, and select five technological innovation projects for key support every year. Continue to promote chest pain, stroke, critical pregnant women, newborns and children, trauma
The construction of the "five centers" provides a green channel for medical treatment and integrated comprehensive treatment services. Strengthen the construction of blood safety system, continue to promote blood donation, and ensure the safety, sufficiency and effectiveness of clinical blood use.

　　(six) to strengthen the quality management of medical services.

　　Strengthen the construction of provincial and municipal medical quality control centers and establish a quality management and control system covering the whole medical process. Improve the medical quality and safety management system and norms, medical performance evaluation mechanism and dynamic monitoring and feedback mechanism of medical quality control. Strengthen the management of diagnosis and treatment behavior, establish data information bases such as diagnosis and treatment guidelines, technical specifications and clinical pathways, promote the quality management of clinical pathways and single diseases, promote reasonable medical examinations, and improve the standardized level of clinical application of medical consumables. Strengthen clinical rational drug use, strengthen monitoring and assessment, and control the use intensity of antibacterial drugs (DDDS) within the national requirements. Strengthen the construction of pharmacists and improve the relevant norms of clinical pharmaceutical services. Actively carry out the construction of "safe hospital", improve the long-term mechanism to resolve medical disputes, strengthen patient safety management, and build a harmonious doctor-patient relationship. Strictly crack down on illegal and criminal acts involving medical personnel, especially violent crimes that harm medical personnel, and protect the safety of medical personnel.

　　(7) Pay attention to the expansion of health poverty alleviation achievements.

　　Strictly implement the requirements of the "four noes", maintain the overall stability of the main policies of health and poverty alleviation, and consolidate the guaranteed achievements of basic medical care. Give priority to the development of rural health care, fill in the shortcomings of the health service system in poverty-stricken areas, and continuously realize the dynamic clearing of the "blank points" of rural medical and health institutions and personnel. Strengthen the capacity building of telemedicine, continue to promote the counterpart assistance of tertiary hospitals, and enhance the capacity of rural medical and health services. Optimize the service measures of disease classification and treatment to further control the harm of major diseases. We will continue to do a good job in signing up family doctors for the poverty-stricken population, focusing on the standardized management and health services for patients with four major chronic diseases: hypertension, diabetes, tuberculosis and severe mental disorders. Implement the "one-stop" information exchange and instant settlement of various medical security policies, and make overall plans to play the role of reducing the burden of the comprehensive security of the triple system of basic medical insurance, serious illness insurance and medical assistance.

　　Six, promote the revitalization and development of traditional Chinese medicine

　　(a) improve the management system and development policy of traditional Chinese medicine.

　　To create a national comprehensive reform demonstration zone of traditional Chinese medicine as the starting point, establish and improve the working system and management system of traditional Chinese medicine at all levels, develop think tanks, and improve the standard system and evaluation system of talents, technology and service of traditional Chinese medicine. Improve the medical insurance management and service price policy of traditional Chinese medicine, and formulate policies and measures to strengthen medical insurance and support the inheritance, innovation and development of traditional Chinese medicine. Explore the management policies of traditional Chinese medicine that conform to the development law of traditional Chinese medicine, improve the filing, examination and approval management and entrusted processing policies of traditional Chinese medicine preparations in medical institutions, support medical institutions to carry out the processing and processing of traditional Chinese medicine pieces, and adjust the use of traditional Chinese medicine preparations within the scope of medical associations. Establish an effective mechanism for science and technology, medical care, traditional Chinese medicine and other departments to recommend qualified new Chinese medicine to enter the rapid review and approval channel. Support the evidence-based research and re-evaluation of Chinese patent medicines after listing, and select and recommend Chinese patent medicines to enter the medical insurance and essential drugs list.

　　(two) improve the service system and service function of traditional Chinese medicine.

　　Further improve the Chinese medicine service system that integrates prevention and health care, disease treatment and rehabilitation. We will strengthen the construction of provincial, city and county hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and various hospitals and specialties of traditional Chinese medicine, and build a number of national and provincial regional medical centers of traditional Chinese medicine and hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine. Each county (city) has a county-level hospital of traditional Chinese medicine with a second-class level organized by the government, and 35% of the county-level hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine have reached the level of a third-class hospital. Establish and improve the service system of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine, build a high-level provincial hospital of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine and several municipal hospitals of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine, promote the establishment of Chinese medicine, integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine departments and Chinese pharmacy in general hospitals and specialized hospitals, innovate the service model of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine diagnosis and treatment, and improve the cooperative medical service mechanism of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine. Comprehensively improve the quality of Chinese medicine medical services, make key Chinese medicine specialties (special diseases) better and stronger, and promote all Chinese medicine hospitals to participate in the construction of medical associations. Strengthen the construction of Chinese medicine museums, promote the full coverage of Chinese medicine services at the grassroots level, and realize that all community health service centers and township hospitals have the ability to provide Chinese medicine services. 80% of village clinics can provide Chinese medicine services, and the amount of Chinese medicine services in grassroots medical and health institutions accounts for 30%. All municipal hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine have established training centers for appropriate technologies of traditional Chinese medicine, and county hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine have established bases for promoting appropriate technologies of traditional Chinese medicine. Vigorously expand the preventive treatment and rehabilitation services of traditional Chinese medicine.

　　(three) to strengthen the training of Chinese medicine talents and scientific and technological innovation.

　　Implement the "Shennong Talents" project of Chinese medicine. Deepen the comprehensive reform of Chinese medicine education, build a multi-level training platform for Chinese medicine inheritance and innovation talents, and implement special training programs for high-level talents, characteristic talents, grassroots talents, Chinese medicine teachers and "Western learning" major talents. Strengthen the construction of scientific research and innovation ability of Chinese medicine research institutes, universities and medical institutions, cultivate and create a number of national and provincial Chinese medicine inheritance and innovation centers, key laboratories, engineering research centers and technological innovation centers, and support the construction of academician workstations. Organize and carry out a number of key research projects on new methods, new prescriptions and new technologies for the prevention and treatment of major diseases in traditional Chinese medicine, and encourage the development of new drugs for traditional Chinese medicine preparations and classic prescriptions in medical institutions with unique clinical efficacy, large usage, safety and reliability. Strengthen the inheritance research of traditional Chinese medicine resources in Hunan, speed up the research and development of new Chinese medicine, new Chinese medicine equipment and new Chinese medicine equipment, improve the integrated innovation model of traditional Chinese medicine in Industry-University-Research, and form a number of innovative achievements with leading domestic, core competitiveness and international influence.

　　(four) to promote the development of Chinese medicine industry and the integration of formats.

　　Focus on supporting the development of Chinese medicine industry in provincial government investment funds. The establishment of Industry-University-Research medical and political joint research, the linkage development mechanism of the first, second and third industries. We will build industrial clusters with advantages and characteristics of Chinese herbal medicines, and build five industrial belts of Chinese herbal medicines, namely Wuling Mountain, Xuefeng Mountain, Nanling Mountain, Luoxiao Mountain and Dongting Lake, and build a number of genuine medicinal seed and seedling breeding bases, demonstration bases for ecological planting of bulk genuine medicinal materials, demonstration bases for ecological planting under forests and demonstration bases for primary and deep processing of Chinese herbal medicines. Cultivate Xianglian, Lily, Polygonatum odoratum, Flos Lonicerae, Polygonatum sibiricum, Poria, Fructus Aurantii, Eucommiae Cortex and other "Xiangjiuwei" brand Chinese herbal medicines. Guide Chinese medicine enterprises to set up "Ding Pharmaceutical Park" as the supply base of raw materials and medicinal materials in areas where medicinal materials are suitable. Support the establishment of a number of traditional Chinese medicine science and technology parks that focus on the cultivation (breeding) of medicinal materials, deep processing of traditional Chinese medicine series and big health products, and build a modern Chinese medicine industrial base with Liuyang Biomedical Park as the core and radiating the whole province. Promote the transformation and upgrading of modern Chinese herbal medicine circulation markets in Shaodong Lianqiao and Changsha Gao Qiao, and make a number of large pharmaceutical circulation enterprises bigger and stronger. Cultivate a number of new formats of Chinese medicine health care, and promote the integration of Chinese herbal medicines with rural tourism, ecological construction, and healthy old-age care.

　　(five) to promote the promotion of Chinese medicine culture and overseas communication.

　　Continue to promote the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese medicine health culture. Construction of national and provincial TCM cultural publicity and education bases, and creation of a number of TCM cultural products. We will promote the establishment of a demonstration hospital for the construction of Chinese medicine culture, and carry out Chinese medicine popular science education activities such as "Chinese medicine health culture communication action", and the level of Chinese medicine health culture literacy of residents will be improved to 28.78%. Strengthen exchanges and cooperation with Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and Taiwan Province in traditional Chinese medicine. Expand the overseas communication channels of Chinese medicine culture and organize the implementation of the "group-style" overseas communication action of Chinese medicine. Support Chinese medicine institutions to actively carry out various forms of international cooperation, vigorously develop trade in Chinese medicine services, strive for a national export base for Chinese medicine services, and promote Huxiang Chinese medicine products to enter overseas markets.

　　Seven, deepen the reform of medical security system.

　　(1) Strengthening the medical security system.

　　Adhere to and improve the basic medical insurance system and policy system that covers the whole people and participates in accordance with the law. We will further improve and standardize residents’ serious illness insurance, large medical subsidies for employees, medical subsidies for civil servants and supplementary medical insurance for enterprises, and improve the level of protection for serious and serious diseases and diversified medical needs. Adhere to the principle of fairness in medical insurance, implement classified protection for employees and urban and rural residents, and link treatment with payment. Reform the personal accounts of employees’ basic medical insurance, and establish and improve the outpatient mutual aid guarantee mechanism. Formulate medical assistance measures in Hunan Province and improve the medical insurance and assistance system for major diseases. Improve the maternity insurance policy. Coordinate the development of commercial medical insurance and support commercial insurance institutions to develop inclusive supplementary medical insurance products. Continue to promote the long-term care insurance system pilot.

　　(2) Improve the treatment guarantee system.

　　Consolidate and improve the basic medical insurance benefits. Consolidate the results of universal enrollment registration, continue to strengthen the dynamic management and analysis of data, and comprehensively help the expansion of enrollment. Optimize the guarantee mechanism of outpatient medical expenses. Effectively link employee medical insurance with urban and rural residents’ medical insurance policies, especially the annual maximum payment limit of the overall fund and medical insurance for serious and serious diseases. Implement the list system of medical security benefits, implement a unified basic medical insurance drug list, medical service items and facilities, implement fair and moderate security, and correct the problems of excessive security and insufficient security. Actively implement the requirements of the strategy to deal with the aging population, and determine the level of maternity allowance and maternity medical expenses that are compatible with the level of social and economic development and affordable by the fund. Explore the multi-channel and step-by-step guarantee mechanism for the use of drugs for rare diseases, and continuously improve the drug protection for patients with rare diseases. Improve the unified and standardized medical assistance system and build a solid defense line for medical care. Promote the construction of a medical treatment cost guarantee mechanism for major epidemics, and realize the effective connection between public health services and medical service costs.

　　(3) Improve the financing operation mechanism. .

　　Balance the responsibilities of individuals, employers and the government in fund-raising and payment, and improve the reasonable responsibility sharing mechanism of fund-raising subjects. Combined with the actual situation of our province and the affordability of various fundraisers, we should reasonably determine the financing level and formulate multi-channel financing policies to deal with the medical burden of aging. Establish a basic medical insurance benchmark rate system, standardize the payment base policy, reasonably determine the rate, and implement dynamic adjustment. Implement the government’s insurance subsidy policy. We will fully implement the municipal-level overall planning system for basic medical insurance and maternity insurance, promote the coordination between the overall planning level of medical assistance and the overall planning level of basic medical insurance, improve the mutual aid and anti-risk ability of funds, and ensure the safer and more stable operation of the system. Explore and promote the vertical management of medical security departments below the municipal level, and promote provincial overall planning in a timely manner. Fully implement budget management, strengthen risk assessment and early warning, and strengthen budget implementation supervision. Promote the construction of medium and long-term actuarial capacity of medical insurance funds, improve the risk assessment and early warning mechanism of fund operation, and build a long-term mechanism for fund operation supervision.

　　(4) Optimize the medical insurance payment mechanism.

　　Improve the dynamic adjustment mechanism of medical insurance catalogue. Scientifically determine the scope of basic medical insurance payment, and include new diagnosis and treatment items that meet clinical needs, are safe and effective, and have appropriate expenses into medical insurance reimbursement. Standardize the management of the basic medical insurance agreement in the province, simplify and optimize the procedures for medical institutions to apply for medical insurance, professional evaluation, negotiation and negotiation, and include medical institutions that meet the conditions for medical insurance. Implement the Interim Measures for the Designated Management of Medical Security in Medical Institutions, effectively strengthen and standardize the designated management of medical security in medical institutions, and improve the assessment methods and exit mechanism for designated medical institutions to fulfill the agreement. Deepen the reform of medical insurance payment methods, improve the total budget method of medical insurance funds, improve the negotiation mechanism between medical insurance agencies and medical institutions, and scientifically formulate the total budget. We will carry out multiple and compound medical insurance payment methods based on diseases, and promote DRG, total budget of regional point method and DIP. Long-term hospitalization such as medical rehabilitation and chronic mental illness will be paid by bed day, and outpatient special chronic diseases will be paid by head. Explore payment methods that meet the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine services, explore the implementation of total payment for close medical complexes, strengthen supervision and assessment, retain the balance, and share the reasonable cost overruns. Carry out the effectiveness evaluation of medical insurance payment, and promote designated medical institutions to provide reasonable and necessary basic medical services.

　　(V) Deepening the reform of price management.

　　Establish a market-oriented price formation mechanism for drugs and medical consumables to control the inflated prices of drugs and consumables. Improve the goal-oriented management mechanism of medical service price items, improve the establishment norms and access system, and speed up the review of new medical service price items. Combined with the characteristics of medical services, we will strengthen the classified management of medical service price items, increase the adjustment of medical service prices, and further reflect the value of technical services. Establish a scientific and reasonable dynamic adjustment mechanism of medical service price, clarify the starting conditions and constraints of price adjustment, continuously optimize the structure of medical expenses, and rationalize the price comparison relationship of medical services. Do a good job in price monitoring, evaluation, supervision and inspection to ensure the stable operation of the price mechanism. Actively and steadily carry out the pilot work of medical service price reform, and make overall plans to promote the compensation mechanism, graded diagnosis and treatment, medical fee control, medical insurance payment and other related reforms in public hospitals to form a comprehensive effect.

　　(6) Strengthen the supervision of medical insurance funds.

　　Establish a medical insurance fund supervision system and law enforcement system. Establish and improve the medical insurance intelligent monitoring system, establish a medical insurance big data system, and develop various medical insurance analysis algorithm models. We will improve the regular fund risk assessment system, establish a mandatory information disclosure system, and supervise designated medical institutions to disclose medical expenses, cost structure and other information to the public according to law. Implement the performance management of fund operation process and establish the performance evaluation system of medical insurance fund. Strengthen the supervision and management of medical services and medical expenses included in the scope of payment of the basic medical insurance fund. Continue to crack down on fraud and insurance fraud, increase the density and frequency of flight inspections, and establish a clue supervision and investigation feedback system.

　　(7) Improve public service capacity.

　　Establish a unified and standardized medical insurance public service and audit standard system, and actively explore the construction of a corporate governance system for medical insurance handling supervision. Vigorously promote the sinking of services and achieve full coverage of provinces, cities, counties, towns (streets) and villages (communities). Standardize and strengthen cooperation with commercial insurance institutions and social organizations, and improve the incentive and restraint mechanism. Explore the establishment of cross-regional medical insurance management cooperation mechanism, and fully realize the direct settlement of outpatient expenses in different places. Improve the management of "Internet+medical care" medical insurance service. Create a new model of smart medical insurance, promote the application of medical insurance in electronic certificate, and realize one-stop service, one-window processing and one-system settlement of medical insurance. Actively promote the transfer of basic medical insurance relationship and continue online processing, promote the use of medical electronic bills, and gradually realize online processing of manual medical expense reimbursement. Innovate the medical insurance settlement mode, use the "real name+financial payment function" of medical insurance electronic certificate to carry out outpatient settlement and bedside settlement, pilot credit medical treatment and non-inductive payment, and create a new process of comfortable medical treatment. Explore the establishment of cross-regional medical security management cooperation mechanism, promote the implementation of "inter-provincial general office" medical security services, and expand medical security exchanges and cooperation.

　　Eight, improve the medical supply guarantee mechanism.

　　(a) to promote the comprehensive pilot system of essential drugs.

　　We will improve the construction of the basic drug system, promote the inclusion of the use of basic drugs in the assessment of government-run medical institutions and medical personnel, and promote the implementation of the basic drug system in non-government-run medical institutions. Gradually increase the proportion of essential drugs, so as to lay a foundation for realizing that the number of essential drugs equipped in government-run primary medical and health institutions, secondary public hospitals and tertiary public hospitals is not less than 90%, 80% and 60% respectively in principle. Promote medical institutions at all levels to form a "1+X" drug use model dominated by the basic drug system, and optimize and standardize the drug use structure. Improve the performance evaluation scheme of the basic drug system, improve the performance evaluation system at the provincial, municipal and county levels, and link the performance evaluation results of counties (urban areas) with the subsidy funds of the basic drug system.

　　(two) to deepen the centralized procurement of pharmaceutical consumables.

　　Adhere to the integration of recruitment, quantity and price, promote the construction of a normalized mechanism for centralized procurement of medicines, and fully implement centralized procurement of medicines and medical consumables. Establish a provincial bidding and procurement platform based on medical insurance payment methods, integrating bidding, procurement, transaction, settlement and supervision, promote direct settlement between medical insurance funds and pharmaceutical enterprises, and improve the coordination mechanism between medical insurance payment standards and centralized procurement prices. We will improve the policy of retaining the balance of medical insurance funds for centralized procurement of medicines and promote the rational use of selected products. To carry out the monitoring and disclosure of pharmaceutical price information and industrial development index, and establish a credit evaluation system for pharmaceutical price and recruitment.

　　(3) Strengthening the supervision of key monitored drugs.

　　Actively promote the consistency evaluation of the quality and efficacy of generic drugs, and encourage medical institutions to give priority to the procurement and use of generic drugs that have passed the consistency evaluation and are affordable. Vigorously carry out various forms of supervision and inspection, standardize the order of drug purchase and sale, and strictly implement the "two-vote system" for drug purchase and sale. Establish a monitoring and early warning mechanism for abnormal changes in drug price supply and a drug cost investigation mechanism to regularly monitor changes in drug price and supply. Establish a full-coverage drug price information monitoring system, improve the clearing system of drug dishonest trading market, and implement cross-departmental joint punishment for enterprises and personnel with serious dishonesty. Strict supervision of pharmaceutical agents, the establishment of medical representative registration system, standardize the behavior of medical representatives.

　　(four) improve the shortage of drug supply guarantee mechanism.

　　We will improve the implementation of the linkage mechanism of consultation and consultation on medicines in short supply, formulate the provincial-level key monitoring list of clinically necessary and easy-to-shortage medicines and make regular and dynamic adjustments, and implement the direct reporting system of information on medicines in short supply in public medical and health institutions. Improve the monitoring and early warning system and selection mechanism for drugs in short supply, and realize the information sharing and dynamic monitoring and early warning of APIs and preparations in registration, production, procurement and price. We will improve the reserve mechanism for drugs in short supply, and strengthen the reserve guarantee supply for drugs in short supply with poor substitutability, insufficient production power of enterprises and unstable market supply. Strengthen the management of drug distribution enterprises, establish access and elimination systems, and improve the concentration of drug distribution. Strengthen the training, supervision and assessment of standardized diagnosis and treatment and rational drug use for doctors. Strengthen normalized market supervision, and increase penalties for monopoly cases involving shortage of drugs and APIs.

　　(5) Standardize the comprehensive evaluation of clinical application of drugs.

　　An expert committee for comprehensive evaluation of clinical application of drugs in Hunan Province was established, and unified and standardized evaluation processes and methods, quality control standards and procedures were formulated. Strengthen the construction of comprehensive evaluation mechanism for clinical application of drugs, focus on essential drugs, focus on anti-tumor drugs, cardiovascular drugs and pediatric drugs, and organize comprehensive evaluation of clinical application of drugs in categories and batches. Promote the evaluation results of clinical application of drugs as an important basis for the formulation of drug procurement catalogue, rational clinical use of drugs, provision of pharmaceutical services and control of unreasonable drug expenses in medical institutions, and realize information communication and sharing among departments.

　　(six) to strengthen the capacity building of drug safety supervision.

　　Establish and improve the drug safety responsibility system and long-term vaccine supervision mechanism, strengthen the main responsibility and territorial management responsibility of drug production and circulation safety enterprises, improve the emergency mechanism of major drug safety incidents, and ensure the safety and effectiveness of public drug use. Strengthen the construction of drug regulatory capacity and promote the modernization of drug regulatory system and regulatory capacity.

　　IX. Promoting the development of health industry

　　(1) Promote the healthy and standardized development of social medical services.

　　We will improve the policies and measures for innovative social medical institutions, treat them equally in terms of access to technology, equipment and personnel, fixed-point medical insurance, construction of key specialties and grade evaluation, and guide social medical institutions to take a differentiated development path to form a benign and orderly development pattern with complementary functions with public hospitals. Support the development of high-end medical services and promote the development of high-level social medical gathering. Encourage and support the society to run large-scale tertiary hospitals bigger and stronger, and support them to create provincial-level clinical key specialties with qualified advantages and characteristics. Encourage and support social forces to organize emerging and urgently needed health service industries such as elderly care and hospice care. Encourage the development of professional hospital management groups.

　　(two) the development of biomedical nutrition and health industry.

　　Vigorously develop biological drugs, new varieties of chemical drugs, high-quality Chinese medicines, high-performance medical devices, new auxiliary materials and pharmaceutical equipment, promote the industrialization of major drugs, and accelerate the transformation and upgrading of medical devices. Develop professional pharmaceutical parks, support the formation of industrial alliances or consortia, and introduce and cultivate biomedical industries and high-end medical technologies. Support medical institutions in the free trade zone to carry out research on stem cell clinical frontier medical technology projects. Optimize the admission process of innovative medical equipment products, encourage and support medical institutions to increase the clinical application of provincial medical equipment products, and strengthen the support of medical insurance system for the application of innovative products. Give full play to the leading role of the national "Central Region Regional Nutrition Innovation Platform" with Hunan as the main body, tap the high-quality resources of nutritious food, strengthen the transformation and application of scientific research results, promote the research and development of nutritious and healthy products, strengthen the popularization of nutrition science and personnel training, and create a highland for the production, learning, research and trade of nutritious food.

　　(3) Expand new formats and new fields of health services.

　　Actively promote the integration of health and pension, tourism, Internet, fitness and leisure. Develop Internet-based health services, cultivate a number of distinctive health management service industries, and promote the development of wearable devices, smart health electronic products and health care mobile application services. Cultivate health culture industry and sports medical rehabilitation industry, build health service industry cluster, and support the supporting development of small and medium-sized enterprises. Support the development of regional medical imaging diagnosis centers, medical inspection centers, pathological diagnosis centers and medical disinfection supply centers, and gradually open them to all medical institutions in accordance with a unified and standardized standard system. Support the development of third-party medical service evaluation, health management service evaluation, health market research and consulting services.

　　Ten, lay a solid foundation for career development

　　(1) Strengthen the construction of talent team.

　　1.Improve the training system of medical talents.Establish and improve a standardized and standardized medical personnel training system that organically connects college education, post-graduation education and continuing education. Deepen the cooperation between medical and education, establish a balance mechanism between supply and demand for medical personnel training and the demand for medical personnel in the health care industry, scientifically formulate the demand plan for medical personnel, and implement the "decision based on needs". Support relevant institutions of higher learning to build high-level public health colleges and establish national-level public health talent innovation practice bases. Improve the standardized training system for residents and the system of continuing medical education.

　　2.Strengthen the introduction and training of talents.Implement the action plan of Furong talents, implement the "225" project of high-level health talents, and build a group of influential leaders and teams in the field of health. Strengthen the training of general practitioners through standardized training for residents, training for assistant general practitioners, job transfer training, and free training for rural order-oriented medical students. Strengthen the training of professionals in urgent need of medical and health care. Promote tertiary medical institutions to increase the investment in medical education and training to more than 1% of their total annual business income every year. We will comprehensively promote the construction of medical insurance talents, improve the management and service mechanism, strengthen education supervision and management, implement full-time training for medical insurance cadres, and focus on cultivating talents in the fields of policy system, fund supervision, informationization, price management, law and actuarial science.

　　3.Promote the reform of the personnel system.Implement the autonomy of employing people in medical and health institutions, fully implement the employment system, and form a flexible employment mechanism that can enter and exit. Actively explore the modes of doctors’ free practice, individual doctors signing services with medical institutions or forming doctor groups. We will improve the promotion system and methods of professional titles, further decentralize the right to evaluate professional titles, increase the proportion of middle and senior professional titles in medical and health institutions and tilt to the grassroots. Innovate the talent evaluation mechanism, and don’t take papers, foreign languages, scientific research, etc. as the rigid requirements for the title evaluation of grassroots health talents. Improve the talent evaluation mechanism that meets the post characteristics of general practitioners. We will comprehensively guarantee reasonable treatment, implement the wage policy for primary medical staff, and establish and improve the subsidy payment mechanism for primary medical staff.

　　(2) Promote the collaborative innovation of science and health.

　　Relying on the Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention to build Hunan Academy of Preventive Medicine. Relying on institutions of higher learning, high-level medical and health institutions and scientific research institutions, we will actively promote the construction of major platforms such as national laboratories, national key laboratories, national clinical medical research centers and national engineering centers. Actively build a provincial health research platform and build a number of provincial clinical medical research centers, key laboratories and key disciplines. Do a good job in the hierarchical docking of biosafety risk prevention and control and governance system construction, and improve biosafety governance capabilities. Strengthen basic research in the field of life sciences, support public hospitals to jointly establish research and development institutions and transfer and transformation centers of scientific and technological achievements with key pharmaceutical enterprises and biomedical high-tech industrial parks, and do a good job in connecting basic research with clinical research. Focus on the key core technologies of health and health, select a number of key projects with development prospects, and accelerate the breakthrough of core technologies in key areas such as infectious disease prevention and control, clinical diagnosis and treatment, integration of medical care and prevention, medical equipment and biomedicine. Support a number of key enterprises to accelerate the research and development of core technologies and products. Improve the transformation mechanism of scientific and technological research achievements and form a number of innovative products with independent intellectual property rights. Create a purely domestic key technology platform with international influence, promote clinical research and clinical scientific and technological innovation, encourage the promotion of new technologies and projects, and support the development and application of high-end medical devices such as domestic high-performance magnetic resonance imaging systems and clinical surgical robots. To promote the construction of innovative hospitals, the investment in scientific research funds shall not be less than 1% of the total annual business income of the unit.

　　(3) improve the level of governance according to law.

　　Accelerate the construction of the rule of law in health and promote the modernization of the governance system and governance capacity on the track of the rule of law. Improve local laws and regulations in the field of health and build a scientific, standardized and effective system of laws and regulations. Continue to consolidate the legal review and fair competition review before the introduction of major administrative decisions. We will continue to deepen the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform in the field of health, fully implement the list system of government powers and responsibilities, and implement the list management of business license items related to enterprises. Accelerate the reform of the administrative examination and approval system, establish an inclusive, prudent and effective supervision mechanism, optimize the examination and approval process, improve work efficiency, and optimize the market-oriented and legalized international business environment. Continue to strengthen and improve administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation. Further promote and strengthen the legal construction of medical and health institutions and the "Eighth Five-Year Plan" legal popularization work, improve the legal popularization work mechanism, clarify the legal popularization work tasks, and innovate the publicity and education methods.

　　(4) Strengthen the comprehensive supervision of the industry.

　　Establish a comprehensive supervision, coordination and supervision mechanism of the medical and health industry led by the government and involving multiple departments, strengthen information sharing, promote multi-department joint law enforcement and comprehensive management, improve the early warning and tracking monitoring system, and strengthen the supervision of the whole industry. We will tighten the main responsibility of self-management in medical and health institutions, and improve management mechanisms such as practicing according to law, standardizing services, medical quality and safety, and building morals. Encourage and support social forces to participate in joint governance. We will improve the standardized administrative law enforcement mechanism and the publicity system of administrative law enforcement in the medical and health industry, establish a legal review system for major law enforcement decisions, implement a record system for the whole process of administrative law enforcement, and improve the system of linking administrative law enforcement with criminal justice. We will fully implement the "double random and open" spot check mechanism and increase the intensity of spot checks. Establish and improve the credit mechanism of the medical and health industry, promote the sharing of resources of integrity information throughout the industry, and establish and improve the joint punishment system according to law. Improve the information disclosure mechanism and regularly disclose relevant information. Improve the comprehensive supervision mechanism of grassroots medical and health care, and strengthen the comprehensive supervision and co-management functions and assessment of the medical and health industry in towns (streets). Establish a collaborative application mechanism of comprehensive regulatory results and make overall use of regulatory results.

　　(5) Promoting the application of information technology.

　　1.Strengthen the construction of information infrastructure system.Improve the provincial national health information platform, build the provincial medical security information platform, and strengthen interconnection and resource sharing. Gradually build a new generation of information network infrastructure with high-speed broadband, seamless coverage and intelligent adaptation covering all levels of medical and health institutions in the province, and accelerate the new health infrastructure. Break down information barriers, strengthen standardization, and unify information system code standards such as medical services, drug procurement, and medical insurance reimbursement. Strengthen information and network security protection, and implement the information security level protection system.

　　2.Promote "Internet"+Medical health "development.Coordinate the informatization construction of disease prevention and control, health emergency management, maternal and child health services and other business areas based on "internet plus". Accelerate the construction of Internet hospitals and build an online and offline integrated medical service model covering pre-diagnosis, during-diagnosis and post-diagnosis. Promote the innovation and development of smart hospitals, digital medical associations, medical associations and medical artificial intelligence. Vigorously develop telemedicine and promote the sinking of high-quality medical resources. Construction of regional inspection and inspection data sharing and exchange platform. Gradually unify all kinds of medical cards, build the electronic health card platform into a unified entrance for residents to enjoy the "internet plus" health service, realize the "one card" for cross-regional and cross-institutional medical treatment, and gradually realize the universality of electronic health cards and medical insurance cards.

　　3.Strengthen the application sharing of health care big data resources.Promote the construction of health care big data center in Hunan Province, strengthen the application of technologies such as 5G, blockchain, big data, artificial intelligence and cloud computing in "Internet+medical health", and deepen the application of health care big data in industry governance, clinical care, public health and medical research. Build the basic support system, basic application system, industrial support system and service management system of health care big data in Hunan Province, strengthen data standards, security and service management, and promote the application of auxiliary politics, benefiting doctors, benefiting the people and developing the industry.

　　(6) Deepening international cooperation and exchanges.

　　Actively participate in global health governance and build a human health community; Innovate the dispatch of foreign aid medical teams, promote the participation of medical teams in the management of recipient hospitals, and provide higher-level services for the medical and health development and people’s health in recipient countries. Strengthen the construction of cooperation mechanism between Xiangya Hospital of Central South University-Sierra Leone-China-Serbia Friendship Hospital and Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital-Zimbabwe Parreiren Yatawa Hospital, and continuously improve the comprehensive capacity of non-party hospitals. Promote the construction and development of China-Zimbabwe Chinese Medicine Acupuncture Center, and turn it into a demonstration window for foreign exchange and cooperation of Chinese medicine. Build a platform, strengthen the training of international medical and health technical personnel, and continuously improve the internationalization level of hospitals.

　　(7) Accelerate the reform of the Family Planning Association.

　　Actively promote the reform of family planning associations at all levels, improve the organizational network and service system, improve the service capacity and level, undertake the service functions transferred by the government in an orderly manner, and fully implement the six key tasks of family planning associations in the new period entrusted by the central government. Actively participate in rural revitalization, grassroots social governance, grassroots public health services, family health promotion actions, etc., strengthen publicity and advocacy, reproductive health consultation and guidance services for prenatal and postnatal care, carry out in-depth youth health education in colleges and middle schools, explore the promotion and supervision services for infants aged 0-3, and promote the action of prenatal and postnatal care. Continue to carry out the activities of creating "healthy and happy families", further promote the action of maternity care, help families with family planning difficulties, strengthen the construction of family planning associations for floating population, and promote the social integration of floating population.

　　XI. Policy Guarantee and Organization Implementation

　　(1) Strengthening the main responsibility of the government.

　　Governments at all levels should attach great importance to the construction of healthy Hunan, include it in the important agenda, economic and social development policies and plans, include major health indicators in the assessment content, and evaluate the completion of objectives and tasks by various departments. Actively coordinate the relevant departments to carry out their duties and tasks, form an overall joint force of close cooperation and joint management of multiple departments, and jointly promote the development of health and wellness. Improve the promotion mechanism of planning implementation and enhance the leading force, binding force and execution of planning.

　　(2) Improve the investment guarantee mechanism.

　　Further clarify the responsibility of government, society and individuals for health investment, and establish a fair, reasonable and sustainable sharing mechanism. Adhere to the government investment as the main body, and establish a scientific, stable, multi-level investment and growth mechanism that meets the needs of the development of health care and conforms to the regional economic strength. Increase financial input at all levels, strengthen project planning and reserve, and do a good job in the preliminary work of the project. Implement financial compensation policies for various medical and health institutions, and improve performance-based wage policies for professional public health institutions and grassroots medical and health institutions. Adjust and improve the structure of financial input. The government’s new investment focuses on supporting the construction of public health system, primary medical services and basic medical security, and inclines to the reform of public hospitals and the construction of talent teams. Broaden investment channels, attract social capital investment, and establish and improve a diversified investment mechanism.

　　(3) Intensify publicity and guidance.

　　Continue to carry out publicity on the theme of healthy Hunan construction, improve the publicity platform, and establish a publicity mechanism led by the government, with departments as the main focus and township streets as the main responsibility. Taking carrying forward the great anti-epidemic spirit as the main theme, we will widely publicize the effectiveness and importance of the development of health care, and make its policy of benefiting the people well known and deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. Strengthen the network public opinion guidance mechanism and the construction of public opinion monitoring platform, strengthen the analysis and judgment of public opinion monitoring, improve the online public opinion guidance ability, respond to social concerns in a timely and effective manner, and create a good atmosphere for mobilizing the whole society to support and participate in the construction of healthy Hunan.

　　(4) Overall planning implementation evaluation.

　　Establish a scientific monitoring and evaluation index system for the planning implementation process, and regularly supervise and inspect the planning implementation and evaluate the effectiveness. Set up a special evaluation working group, and the Provincial Health and Wellness Committee and the Provincial Medical Insurance Bureau are responsible for leading the organization to carry out annual monitoring, mid-term and final evaluation of the implementation of the plan, find out the problems existing in the implementation of the plan in time, and seriously study and solve the countermeasures. All relevant departments and units should strictly follow the division of responsibilities, implement the target responsibility system, formulate specific rules for the identification procedures, methods and standards of the assessment content, and be responsible for supervising the implementation to ensure that the planning objectives are realized as scheduled.

[Editor’s note]The Spring Festival is coming soon, and "asking for salary" has become a hot topic at the end of the year. After working hard for a year, whether you can get full wages in time is a major event for every migrant worker. Recently, the Office of the Leading Group for the Eradication of Wages Arrears for Migrant Workers in the State Council issued the Notice on Launching the Winter Special Action for Eradication of Wages Arrears, and decided to implement centralized and special treatment for wage arrears nationwide from November 1, 2021 to the Spring Festival in 2022. Wage arrears are hidden, some workers have a weak legal awareness, and workers face difficulties in safeguarding their rights. While punishing the crime of refusing to pay labor remuneration according to law and safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of workers, procuratorial organs pay attention to explaining the law by case and transmitting judicial temperature through procuratorial services.

[Never let the unpaid wages chill the hearts of migrant workers]

The procurator of Jinjiang City Procuratorate visited the Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau to check the enforcement of the "two laws" convergence platform.

"Yu Mou ‘an’s refusal to pay labor remuneration was listed as a typical case by the highest inspection. We should increase publicity and give play to the role of case warning education. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the connection between the’ two laws’ and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of migrant workers. " At the end of the year and the beginning of the year, the procuratorate of Jinjiang City, Fujian Province took helping to solve the problem of wage arrears for migrant workers according to law as a focus of work to relieve the people’s urgent difficulties and worries.

On January 7, the reporter learned that the hospital cooperated with many departments to carry out special investigations to ensure the payment of wages for migrant workers, and relied on the "two laws" convergence mechanism to strengthen the clues of cases, analyze and judge the clues of cases of refusing to pay labor remuneration found in the work for the first time, and start the case-filing supervision procedure in time.

Hard work but unpaid wages

Yu Mouan is the legal representative and actual operator of Jinjiang Sifu Shoe Material Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Sifu Company"). Since April 2018, Yu Mou ‘an has rented factories and machinery and equipment in Jinjiang Economic Development Zone, and organized workers to engage in shoe manufacturing and processing. The company has grown from more than 20 people at the beginning to nearly 100 people, and the workers are mainly migrant workers, many of whom are couples or brothers and sisters.

"There are too many debts, and the company can’t do it anymore." In June 2019, Yu Mouan sent this text message to a manager of the company, and then lost contact, and the company was paralyzed. Lao Wang and his wife, who work in the company, came to Yu Mou ‘an’s factory as assembly line workers because of their poor family. They had to clean more than 1,000 pairs of sports shoes soles a day, counting on their monthly salary to make a living. I didn’t expect Yu Mou ‘an not only not to pay wages, but also to play "missing".

97 workers, including Lao Li and Xiao Liu, also didn’t get the money, and were owed a total of 1.34 million yuan in wages. In desperation, 97 workers complained about the situation to Jinjiang Human Resources and Social Security Bureau. After the administrative instruction of labor security supervision was rectified within a time limit, Yu Mou ‘an failed to come forward to solve the problem of wage arrears at the specified time and place, and still failed to pay the wages owed to workers after the deadline.

Finding problem clues through the connection of "two methods"

"It is not easy to work outside, and you must not let the unpaid wages chill the hearts of migrant workers!" On July 5, 2019, when Jinjiang City Procuratorate carried out the inspection of the "two laws" convergence law enforcement, it found the above clues of Yu Mou ‘an by inquiring about the information sharing platform of administrative law enforcement and criminal justice in Fujian Province. After examination, it is considered that Yu Mou ‘an has a large amount of unpaid wages and a large number of people involved, and the unpaid workers have strong demands. Yu Mou ‘an’s refusal to pay labor remuneration has seriously damaged the interests of the people and has been suspected of committing a crime.

In order to help migrant workers recover their unpaid wages in time, Jinjiang City Procuratorate started the supervision procedure according to law in July 2019, suggesting that Jinjiang City Human Resources and Social Security Bureau promptly transfer criminal clues to the public security organs, supervise the public security organs to file a case for investigation in time, and send personnel to intervene in the investigation in time, guide the collection and fixation of relevant evidence, and promote the effective connection between administrative law enforcement and criminal justice. In April 2020, Yu Mou ‘an, who fled outside the province, was arrested and brought to justice by the public security organs.

While advising Jinjiang Human Resources and Social Security Bureau to transfer criminal clues, the hospital actively visited relevant departments and companies involved in the case, and cooperated with Jinjiang Human Resources and Social Security Bureau, township judicial office, municipal letters and calls bureau and other departments to appease the emotions of unpaid workers, actively explain the law, guide them to rationally defend their rights, and coordinate Jinjiang Human Resources and Social Security Bureau, township governments involved, factory rental companies and migrant workers’ representatives to discuss solutions to pay wages.

After combing, it is found that Sifu Company still has some unpaid payment, and there are some products, semi-finished products, machine molds and other assets in the warehouse. In the end, with the efforts of all parties, the company got back part of the payment, sold the warehouse inventory and some machines and equipment, and the factory rental company paid part of it in advance, raising a total salary of more than 1.25 million yuan, which was paid according to the proportion of 93% of the wages owed to each of the 97 workers, thus solving the urgent needs of migrant workers in time.

Realize the unification of "three effects"

"I was so naive that I thought I could make a comeback by fleeing to other provinces. I didn’t see the workers working hard but got nothing. I was wrong." In the stage of examination and prosecution, Yu Mou ‘an truthfully confessed the crime, voluntarily pleaded guilty and admitted punishment, and said that after the case was handled, he would go to work to make money, and after making money, he would definitely pay off the remaining wages owed to the workers.

In view of the fact that after the incident, Yu Mou ‘an still owed part of his salary, and the part of the unpaid salary recovered in this case was paid by the factory rental company, Jinjiang City Procuratorate integrated the criminal facts and circumstances of the whole case and filed a public prosecution against Yu Mou ‘an according to law on May 10, 2021. On August 20, the court adopted all the criminal facts, charges and sentencing suggestions accused by the procuratorate, sentenced Yu Mou ‘an to one year’s imprisonment and fined him 30,000 yuan.

The handling of this case has achieved the organic unity of political effect, legal effect and social effect. On January 6th, it was rated as a typical case in which the procuratorial organ punished the crime of refusing to pay labor remuneration according to law.

"After the unpaid wages were recovered in time, we continued to work in Jinjiang. Because of the problem of wage arrears, with the support of procuratorial organs and relevant departments, everyone feels very practical and confident. " When they got the unpaid wages, the workers said to the prosecutor.

(Reporter Zhang Renping
Correspondent Chen Shixin)

[The annoying "salary" problem of the over-age elderly has finally been solved]

Prosecutors of Yiwu Procuratorate went to the community to investigate the protection of over-age workers.

"It’s really not easy for us to make money when we are old. I didn’t expect you to take the things of our people to heart. I finally got my salary that has been delayed for more than two years." Recently, 68-year-old Lao Zhang received arrears of wages and called the prosecutor of Yiwu Procuratorate in Zhejiang Province at the first time.

When working, the boss "runs away"

In August 2018, Liang of Lishui City, Zhejiang Province, partnered with several friends to open a cultural company in Yiwu, mainly engaged in KTV, and recruited employees to be responsible for management, service and cleaning. At that time, Lao Zhang, who was 65 years old, had no pension insurance. In order to supplement his family, he came to Liang’s company to apply as a cleaner, with a salary of 3,000 yuan per month. At first, he got a salary every month, but then the company was on the verge of bankruptcy because of poor management, and the salary was always delayed. Urged by Lao Zhang and others, the company’s managers picked up the phone and asked Liang about his salary, only to find that his WeChat and phone had already been blacked out by Liang and could not be contacted at all. Later, they also found that Liang had changed the legal representative of the company to someone else. This time, Lao Zhang and others suddenly realized that the boss was going to "run away". What about everyone’s salary?

"The boss still owes me 4,500 yuan, which is my pension money. I have to get it back." In desperation, on September 26, 2019, Lao Zhang and other employees who were owed wages jointly complained to Yiwu Human Resources and Social Security Bureau (hereinafter referred to as the "Human Resources and Social Security Bureau"). After the review, the Human Resources and Social Security Bureau issued an order (deadline) to Liang and his company, ordering him to pay off the arrears of wages on November 8 of the same year. However, Liang still refused to pay after receiving the notice, and his behavior was suspected of refusing to pay labor remuneration. The public security organ filed a case for investigation on January 6, 2020. On January 11, 2021, Liang was arrested and brought to justice by the public security organs.

On March 24th, 2021, Yiwu Public Security Bureau transferred the case to Yiwu Procuratorate for review and prosecution.

27 people complained why only 24 people were identified.

Wu Yongqiang, director of the Second Procuratorial Department of Yiwu Procuratorate, accepted the case. After a comprehensive review of the case, he believes that Liang evaded the payment of labor remuneration by hiding, and his behavior has been suspected of refusing to pay labor remuneration. After Liang was brought to justice, he paid 24 employees a total salary of 88,000 yuan in the investigation stage of the public security organs. However, a special case in the case file caught Wu Yongqiang’s attention. He found that there were 27 employees whose wages were in arrears, with a total salary of more than 97,000 yuan. However, in the order (deadline) issued by the Human Resources and Social Security Bureau, only the salary of 24 employees was determined to be more than 88,000 yuan, and the salary of 3 employees was not determined. How did this happen?

Wu Yongqiang immediately consulted the Human Resources and Social Security Bureau, and the reply was: "One of the three employees could not confirm his salary because he could not be contacted. The other two employees, Lao Zhang and Lao Liu, have reached retirement age and are over-age workers. According to the relevant provisions of the Labor Law, this belongs to labour relation, not labor relations, so it has not been recognized, and they can defend their rights through other judicial channels."

Although there is such a provision in the law, Lao Zhang and Lao Liu are old after all, and their education level is not high. It takes a long time and the litigation cost is high to let them defend their rights through other judicial channels. Wu Yongqiang and his colleagues began to think, is there any way to better solve contradictions and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of workers in the procuratorial process?

The problem was solved.

In November, 2021, Lao Zhang learned that other employees were paid and went to the 12309 Procuratorial Service Center in Yiwu to report the situation: "I am old, how can I know how to go to court? Is my hard-earned money wasted like this?"

In fact, Wu Yongqiang has long kept Lao Zhang’s annoying "salary" in mind. He studied the relevant laws and regulations on the protection of labor rights and interests. According to Article 7 of the Supreme Law "Interpretation of Several Issues Concerning the Application of Laws in the Trial of Labor Dispute Cases (III)", it is not simple to equate "overage" with labour relation directly. For overage workers who do not enjoy pension insurance benefits and receive pensions, they should confirm their labor relations with employers and implement equal protection. On the other hand, he opened the gap from the suspect Liang and explained the law to him many times. "I see, I am willing to pay back their money." In the end, Liang paid the wages owed to Lao Zhang and Lao Liu to the special account of the labor administrative department. Lao Zhang and Lao Liu finally got their own wages.

The procuratorial organ comprehensively considered the whole case and held that Liang owed wages due to poor management. Although he escaped, he paid the employee’s wages in full after the incident, which did not cause serious consequences. In the near future, he was relatively not prosecuted.

With the trend of aging population, the employment of the elderly is becoming more and more common. How to better safeguard their legitimate rights and interests? In combination with this case, Wu Yongqiang and his colleagues combed the relevant legal provisions, consulted judicial precedents, identified the legal basis for distinguishing labor relations from labour relation, consulted with the local labor administrative department and sent procuratorial suggestions, suggesting that the over-age workers who did not enjoy pension insurance benefits and did not receive pension should be protected by labor law.

In addition, for the over-age workers who have enjoyed pension insurance benefits and pensions according to law, although it is not an adjustment of the labor law, they suggest that the labor administrative department accept such complaints and transfer the criminal cases together, so as to urge the unpaid workers to repay their wages and maximize the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of workers.

(Reporter Fan Yuehong
Correspondent Lai Wei)

[Be a good "salary protector"]

The prosecutor questioned the witness.

A few days ago, a criminal protest case of refusing to pay migrant workers’ labor remuneration handled by Panzhihua City Procuratorate in Sichuan Province was supported by the court of second instance and changed. This case is the first case of refusing to pay labor remuneration in Sichuan province, where a criminal protest was filed and it was successful. On January 6th, the case was rated as a typical case in which the procuratorate punished the crime of refusing to pay labor remuneration according to law.

The person who owes wages meets the person who protects wages.

From 2018 to 2020, in the name of Panzhihua Xirong Decoration Engineering Co., Ltd., Liu undertook housing construction projects in Renhe District and Yanbian County of Panzhihua City, and received a total project payment of more than 1 million yuan. When paying the wages of migrant workers, he used a crooked brain. He owed more than 60 migrant workers wages twice, totaling more than 270,000 yuan, and the longest time span was three years.

The human and social departments in Renhe District and Yanbian County have repeatedly issued a decision to order correction and a correction instruction for labor security supervision within a time limit, but Liu ignored it and even tried to avoid paying the remaining wages of migrant workers by changing his phone number and going to work in other places.

On February 9, 2021, Renhe District Procuratorate approved the arrest of Liu on suspicion of refusing to pay labor remuneration. In the stage of examination and prosecution, the prosecutor found that Liu owed two wages, one was owed more than 154,000 yuan to 30 migrant workers, and the other was not paid in full to 30 migrant workers, totaling more than 118,000 yuan. On May 11th, the court prosecuted Liu according to law.

In June, 2021, Renhe District Court ruled in the first instance that the first criminal fact constituted the crime of refusing to pay labor remuneration. However, Liu was sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment on the grounds that the second fact did not constitute a crime because of the omission of the word "payment" and the lack of the precondition of "being ordered to pay by the relevant government departments" in the labor security supervision instruction book issued by Yanbian County Human Resources and Social Security Bureau (hereinafter referred to as Yanbian County Human Resources and Social Security Bureau)

People who "protect their salaries" are also concerned.

"After getting the verdict, we believe that the criminal fact that Liu defaulted on the wages of migrant workers of more than 118,000 yuan was indeed wrong in the first-instance judgment, resulting in a very light sentence. In order to effectively perform legal supervision duties, effectively crack down on the crime of refusing to pay labor remuneration, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of migrant workers according to law, we lodged a protest with the municipal intermediate court, which was also supported by the provincial and municipal procuratorates. " The prosecutor of Renhe District Procuratorate told the reporter.

In order to further find out the facts and consolidate the evidence system of protest in the second instance, Panzhihua City Procuratorate set up a special case-handling team to carry out self-supplementary investigation in view of the reasons why the facts were not confirmed in the first instance judgment, the key verbal evidence and the ambiguous documentary evidence, and successively extracted documentary evidence such as the receipt from Yanbian County People’s Social Security Bureau according to law, asked the law enforcement officers and relevant witnesses of the bureau, and visited the registered place of the company involved.

Upon verification, the word "payment" was not omitted in the instruction book of labor security supervision deadline correction delivered by Yanbian County People’s Social Security Bureau, but it was omitted in the evidence materials handed over by the bureau to the public security organs. At the same time, the hospital verified that the Yanbian County People’s Social Security Bureau had issued a notice of inquiry on labor security supervision investigation to Liu before issuing the instruction book, informing the bureau that it had filed an investigation on its unpaid wages and organized it to mediate with the unpaid migrant workers. The subsequent instruction book also stated the objective fact that it owed wages to migrant workers. The hospital believes that even if the word "payment" is omitted from the instruction book, it will not affect Liu’s cognition of the administrative organ’s request for payment of labor remuneration, or make the general public misunderstand the meaning of the instruction bibliography. The pre-action of "ordered to pay by the relevant government departments" existed from the beginning and was fully confirmed by new evidence.

On November 4, 2021, Panzhihua Intermediate People’s Court made a second-instance judgment, adopted the protest opinions of the procuratorate, and found that Liu’s refusal to pay migrant workers’ wages of more than 118,000 yuan constituted a crime of refusing to pay labor remuneration, and sentenced him to one year and ten months in prison and fined him 50,000 yuan.

"Sichuan is a dual province of local employment and labor export for migrant workers. Ensuring the payment of wages for migrant workers is related to the overall situation of economic development and social stability. Sichuan procuratorial organs resolutely implemented the State Council’s’ Winter Special Action’ and the special deployment of the highest inspection, which not only severely cracked down on malicious wage arrears, but also decisively exercised the means of protest to play the role of legal supervision. At the same time, through this case, the publicity and education of the rule of law were strengthened, which played a very good warning role in cracking down on crimes of refusing to pay labor remuneration. " The main person in charge of the first procuratorate of the Sichuan Provincial Procuratorate said.

(Our reporter Cao Yingpin   Correspondent Lin Lu)

Original Shanghai Xuhui Shanghai Xuhui

The gathering of relatives and friends and family reunion is the eternal theme of the Spring Festival. However, there are such a group of people who work hard day and night. During festivals, they still protect people’s lives and health with responsibility and provide quality medical services without interruption. They gave up the reunion with their families and gave up their small family for everyone. The busy figure of "angels in white" also became the warmest scenery in the festival.

In the process of condolences, Director Wang and the staff patiently listened to the stories of the veterans, and from time to time expressed their feelings and admiration. They sent condolences to the veterans, including food, health care products, daily necessities, etc., and specially prepared a red envelope for each veteran, hoping to give them some material and spiritual help.

In the Pediatrics Department of Shanghai Eighth People’s Hospital, there is still a 24-hour emergency during the Spring Festival. As usual, there are emergency medical care and ward medical care shifts every day to ensure that patients can see a doctor in time after arrival.

A child patient with vomiting and diarrhea came to see a doctor. The doctor initially diagnosed it as acute gastroenteritis in children, probably because he ate his stomach badly during the festival. "During the Spring Festival, if children eat more omnivores and don’t pay attention to hygiene, it will easily lead to acute gastroenteritis, manifested as vomiting and diarrhea, which may lead to dehydration in severe cases. If you have symptoms of poisoning or fever, you need to see a doctor in time. Therefore, during the Spring Festival, children’s diets need to be kept hygienic. " Lu Ding, director of pediatrics at Shanghai Eighth People’s Hospital, said.

It is reported that during the Spring Festival, there are two kinds of common children: cold and fever, acute gastroenteritis or indigestion. From the first day of the year to the third day of the year, the number of patients is relatively less than usual, and the arrangement of medical care is relatively reduced. At the same time, there are classes to be prepared, and it is not closed for 24 hours to deal with emergencies. I don’t rest at other times and go to work as usual.

On the New Year’s Eve, Lu Ding stuck to his post and prepared classes every day at other times. Asked if there was any regret in not being able to reunite with his family, she said: "Hospitals can’t close their doors and rest. There are always doctors who have to sit in the emergency room. This is our duty. Moreover, many colleagues in other places have not gone home for the Spring Festival for several years, so we need to ensure that they go home for reunion, so we must ensure the normal operation of the department in Shanghai. "

In the emergency department, it is also open 24 hours a day, and the allocation of medical staff is increased than usual. The patients who come to the emergency department during festivals are mainly patients who can’t wait, such as chest tightness, chest pain, abdominal pain and high fever, and most of them are elderly patients. A few days ago, a patient with chest pain was rushed to the emergency room of the emergency department. The nurse immediately completed the ECG and blood collection at the bedside and completed the examination within 20 minutes. Start DSA (Digital Subtraction Angiography) room immediately after determining myocardial infarction. Even during the holiday break, the relevant staff immediately rushed to the hospital to complete the coronary angiography and open the blocked blood vessels. The time from the patient entering the hospital gate to opening the blocked blood vessels in the heart is controlled within 90 minutes.

In ICU, the inpatients in the festival are basically full, and the doctors and nurses work in shifts to ensure 24-hour uninterrupted work, and all kinds of machines are also working normally. "Some critically ill patients with respiratory failure, heart failure and renal failure can’t leave the ventilator and can only stay in the ICU. Doctors will assess their condition every day and try to get them out of the machine one day earlier and go home for reunion one day earlier. " Zhou Xinjian, director of the Emergency Department and Department of Critical Care Medicine of Shanghai Eighth People’s Hospital, said, "I have been a doctor for more than 20 years, and many New Year’s Eve and festivals have been spent in hospitals and posts, which has become a routine. Since I chose this job, there is nothing to regret, and my family can understand my work. After all, serving the people is the belief of every medical staff. "

Original title: "I am on duty during the Spring Festival | Emergency Department is on standby 24 hours a day! This group of people stick to the "medical" line and protect their health.

Read the original text

There have been three major incidents of "brake failure" in history. In 1986, Audi was in the United States, in 2009, Toyota was in the United States, and in 2021, Tesla was in China. Let’s not talk about the real reason for the time being. Let’s talk about the result first. Audi’s solution was a failure, which directly led to Audi’s sales drop in the following years, and then it was not an opponent of Mercedes-Benz BMW at all. Toyota solved the problem very successfully. After the truth came out, the stock price rose sharply and the sales volume rose sharply. Tesla’s solution was quite a failure this time, but it is not known whether it will affect sales.

CCTV News:Look at the bright spots through the data and look at the economy through the data.

Understanding the confidence of China’s economic development through data

In April, the national consumer price index rose by 0.3% year on year.

According to the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics today (May 11th), in April, with the continuous recovery of consumer demand, the national consumer price index (CPI) rose by 0.3% year-on-year, with an increase of 0.2 percentage points over the previous month and an increase of 0.1% from the previous month.

Specifically, in April, among the eight categories of goods and services that constitute CPI, except for the decline in the prices of food, tobacco and alcohol, the prices of the other seven categories all increased year-on-year; The core CPI excluding food and energy increased by 0.7% year-on-year, which was 0.1 percentage point higher than that of last month, indicating that the recovery of consumer demand in China has been further consolidated.

In April, industrial production continued to recover, and the demand of some industries declined in stages. The national producer price index (PPI) decreased by 2.5% year-on-year, which was narrower than that of last month.

AEO system helps foreign trade development "accelerate"

From May 8 to 10, the 6th global conference of "Certified Operators" (AEO) was held in Shenzhen, which provided strong "intelligent" support for giving full play to the advantages of AEO system and continuously promoting the liberalization and facilitation of economy, trade and investment. AEO system refers to a certification system advocated by the World Customs Organization, which gives preferential treatment and convenience to enterprises with high credit status, law-abiding degree and safety level. It is called the "golden business card" to help enterprises’ foreign trade development, and it has a unique "password" in promoting global trade interconnection.

At present, there are more than 5,800 AEO enterprises in China. By the end of April, these 5,800 AEO enterprises accounted for about 1% of the import and export enterprises, contributing nearly 40% of China’s import and export value. China has implemented the AEO system with high quality, and has successively issued 28 preferential measures in five categories. AEO qualified enterprises, as the enterprises with the highest credit rating in customs, can enjoy the exclusive "welfare" such as giving priority to fast customs clearance, port inspection and sampling of import and export goods, and giving priority to territorial inspection. A series of trade facilitation measures have greatly helped enterprises to explore the market more efficiently.

In terms of expanding AEO international mutual recognition cooperation, on May 9, the General Administration of Customs signed AEO mutual recognition arrangements with the Tax Bureau of the Republic of Burundi and the Tax and Customs Department of Iceland respectively. Up to now, China has signed AEO mutual recognition agreements with 28 economies, covering 54 countries and regions. The number of mutual recognition agreements signed and the number of mutual recognition countries (regions) rank first in the world. China explores the establishment of a regional AEO mutual recognition and cooperation mechanism to promote global trade interconnection.

According to the discussion results and consensus of the conference, the Shenzhen Work Plan will be formulated, which will be submitted to internal review according to procedures and then promoted and implemented globally. It is proposed to vigorously promote the construction of smart customs, make the implementation, evaluation and mutual recognition cooperation of AEO system more digital and intelligent, and enable enterprises to enjoy the convenient measures provided by customs more conveniently; Continuously expand the scope of implementation of the AEO system in the world, and actively provide AEO credit cultivation to emerging formats such as cross-border e-commerce and small and medium-sized enterprises.

The prudent monetary policy in the first quarter was accurate and effective.

On May 10th, the People’s Bank of China released the monetary policy report for the first quarter of this year. The report pointed out that the prudent monetary policy in the first quarter was flexible, moderate, accurate and effective, which created a good monetary and financial environment for the economic recovery.

According to the report, the People’s Bank of China lowered the RRR by 0.5 percentage point at the beginning of the year, releasing medium and long-term liquidity of over 1 trillion yuan. We will lower the interest rate of small loans and rediscounts for supporting agriculture by 0.25 percentage points, and guide the market quotation rate (LPR) of loans with a term of more than five years to be lowered by 0.25 percentage points. At the same time, 500 billion yuan will be set up for scientific and technological innovation and technological transformation. These policies have effectively supported the development of the real economy and promoted a virtuous circle of economy and finance.

In the next stage, the People’s Bank of China will maintain the stability of monetary policy and increase its support for the real economy. We will continue to deepen the interest rate marketization reform, give play to the role of the loan market quotation interest rate reform and the deposit interest rate marketization adjustment mechanism, and promote the steady decline of corporate financing and residents’ credit costs. Smooth the transmission mechanism of monetary policy and avoid the idling of funds. Continue to effectively prevent and resolve risks in key areas, and resolutely hold the bottom line where systemic risks do not occur.

China’s balance of payments remained basically balanced in the first quarter.

According to the latest data from the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, in the first quarter, China’s current account surplus was US$ 39.2 billion, accounting for 0.9% of the gross domestic product (GDP) in the same period, which remained in a reasonable and balanced range. In the first quarter, China’s trade surplus of goods in terms of balance of payments was $121.1 billion. Among them, the export of goods was 751.1 billion US dollars, up 2% year-on-year; Imports of goods trade reached US$ 630 billion, a year-on-year increase of 3%. In the first quarter, the net outflow of foreign equity-based direct investment in China was $25.7 billion, and the net inflow of equity-based direct investment in China was $19 billion. China’s balance of payments remained basically balanced, the trade in goods remained surplus, and the two-way cross-border capital flow remained reasonable and orderly.

Chongqing International Railway Port Comprehensive Bonded Zone approved for establishment.

The reporter learned from Chongqing Customs that the Chongqing International Railway Port Comprehensive Bonded Zone was officially approved by the State Council recently. The comprehensive insurance zone is located in Chongqing International Logistics Hub Park, focusing on the construction of three industrial bases, namely, high-end equipment manufacturing of Lintie, whole vehicle industry chain and integrated cold chain industry, which will further help to jointly build the "Belt and Road", the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the new land and sea channel in the west.

The "fruitful" development in many fields is inspiring.

Eight new cities in the mainland can apply for "individual travel endorsement" in Hong Kong and Macao.

The Exit-Entry Administration of China issued an announcement today (May 11th). With the approval of the State Council, from May 27th, eligible personnel in eight cities, including Taiyuan, Shanxi and Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, can submit applications to the exit-entry administration departments of local public security organs to handle "individual travel endorsements" or "group travel endorsements" to and from Hong Kong and Macao.

The total number of registered nurses in China exceeds 5.6 million, and the construction of nurses has achieved remarkable results.

The reporter learned from the National Health and Wellness Commission today that the construction of the nursing team in China has achieved remarkable results. By the end of last year, the total number of registered nurses in China had reached 5.63 million, and the number of registered nurses per 1,000 population had reached 4, with more than 80% nurses with college education. The overall quality of the nursing team has improved significantly.

In 2024, the on-site inspection of the national medical insurance fund flight inspection was officially launched.

In 2024, the on-site inspection of the national medical insurance fund flight inspection was officially launched in Henan today (May 11). The flight inspection adopts the mode of "national organization, cross-province and territorial cooperation", covering all provinces in China, and focuses on illegal use of medical insurance funds, fraudulent insurance, false drug purchase and other behaviors in medical institutions and designated retail pharmacies.

Ecological protection is getting more and more effective.

Shaanxi Changqing nature reserve once again photographed the wild giant panda "mother and child in the same frame" image.

Recently, the staff of Huayang Management and Protection Station in Changqing National Nature Reserve, Shaanxi Province, while sorting out the monitoring data of giant pandas and their habitats, found that infrared cameras deployed in the wild once again photographed several precious images of wild giant pandas "mother and child in the same frame".

This video was shot at an altitude of about 2000 meters. The giant panda mother is strong and walks in front with ease, and her cub is petite and lovely, closely following her mother. Ten minutes later, the figure of the "mother and son" appeared again at another point in the same ditch.

An infrared camera at an altitude of about 1,500 meters photographed another pair of pandas "mother and son". In this video, the panda cub is obviously smaller, and it is awkward to walk. In recent years, in Changqing National Nature Reserve, the population size of wild giant pandas has increased steadily, and infrared cameras have recorded more and more pictures of wild giant pandas "mother and child in the same frame".

Luoyang, Henan Province: More than 30,000 cliff swallows "settle down" in the Yellow River Wetland.

Recently, more than 30,000 cliff swallows flew to Luoyang, Henan Province, and built their nests in the Yellow River Wetland Reserve, which became a beautiful landscape.

On the sandy cliff of Baihe section of the Yellow River Wetland National Nature Reserve, there are many irregular circular nest-like caves. Tens of thousands of cliff swallows sometimes hover at low altitude, sometimes chase and play, and sometimes fly back with food. The scene is spectacular.

Cliff swallow belongs to passeriformes and Yanidae. At present, some cliff swallows have begun to lay eggs. The hatching time of the cliff swallow is short, and it usually takes 12 to 15 days to hatch. It is estimated that by the middle and late June, all the cliff swallows here will be out of the nest.

From October 11th to 13th, a think tank meeting, which has always been known as the authority of China urban rail development, will be held in Shenzhen, "China Urban Rail Transit Owners’ Leaders Summit 2021" to help build a smart urban rail and a strong transportation country.

Taking this opportunity, as the organizer of this conference, Shenzhen Metro will also hold a TOD brand launch conference with the theme of "Arriving at Unlimited Possibility" on October 13th, sharing the pioneering experience of how to use the "track+property" model to continuously feed back the construction and operation of rail transit and build a three-dimensional, efficient and intensive urban ecological space.

Behind the TOD model, which has aroused heated discussion in the industry, there are exciting blueprints:

By the end of 2020, 29 cities in China have carried out TOD comprehensive development, with a total land reserve of nearly 50 million ㎡ and an income increase of about 17 billion yuan. According to the international experience, almost all prosperous areas have central cities as their main platforms, and a strong rail transit network is often their important infrastructure. For example, the rail transit and TOD layout extending in all directions in San Francisco Bay Area, new york Bay Area and Tokyo Bay Area are examples.

In contrast, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is still in the initial stage of TOD territory expansion in metropolitan area, but Shenzhen, the core city, has made a breakthrough from it, explaining the story of urban double engine with urban rail construction and TOD development mode.

Race with the Times: China Urban Rail Transit Towards the New Blue Ocean

As the saying goes, "If you want to be rich, build roads first".

The road is clear, and all industries are prosperous. From China’s first urban rail line, Beijing Metro Line 1, on October 1, 1969, the 8,449-kilometer urban rail transit line that has been put into operation in 49 cities now ranks first in the world (including 6,641 kilometers of subway lines); From being a hundred years behind (the world’s first urban rail was the London Metro, which was opened to traffic in 1863) to becoming a new national business card, the China urban rail has completed a leap-forward development at a speed that shocked the world.

Image source: bigemap map

This criss-crossing urban rail crossing mountains and seas is a symbol of urban roads in the new era, and it also carries the dreams of hundreds of millions of people in China, and embodies the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation to go far away and reach infinite possibilities.

According to incomplete statistics, in 2020, the domestic urban rail network completed a total of 17.59 billion passenger trips, which is equivalent to carrying the total population of the earth more than twice. In the same year, the proportion of urban rail transit passenger traffic in the total public transport passenger traffic nationwide was 38.7%, up 4.1 percentage points year-on-year; Among them, the passenger traffic of urban rail in six cities, including Beishangguangshen Ningrong, accounts for at least half of the country.

Data source: China Urban Rail Association, calculated from the monthly passenger traffic data of central cities published by official website, Ministry of Communications.

Today, China’s economy continues to develop steadily, but the traffic congestion problem is becoming increasingly serious. Undoubtedly, the construction of urban rail transit has been strongly supported by national policies, and it has moved from a big urban rail country to a strong urban rail country.

During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the development of urban rail transit was included in the plan development outline for the first time at the national level, and it was regarded as a major strategy to stimulate the sustainable development of the national economy, especially the economy of big cities.

In 2019, the country launched a new infrastructure strategy. Among the seven key infrastructure areas, the construction of "urban rail transit" is impressively listed;

In the first year of the 14th Five-Year Plan, the Draft Outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan and the Long-term Target in 2035 also proposed that the mileage of urban rail transit in China will increase by 3,000 kilometers during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, and it is estimated that the cumulative passenger traffic will exceed 100 billion passengers during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, and the accumulated investment is expected to reach 1,818.8 billion yuan.

Even if the policy dividend is put aside, urban rail is still a transportation system that competes with the times and has strong endogenous development momentum.

First, from the demand side, even if China is stronger than first-tier cities such as Beijing and Shanghai, its urban rail density still lags far behind that of international metropolises.

Under the background of deepening urbanization, the formed urban agglomerations and metropolitan areas will further release the transportation needs such as logistics and people flow, followed by the continuous increase in the number of private cars, with traffic congestion as a typical urban disease. This means that in the foreseeable future, domestic urban rail transit construction still has a large room for growth.

Second, from the supply side, as of the end of 2020, the network planning of 61 cities nationwide has been approved and under construction, with a line length of 6,797.5 kilometers, accounting for 80% of the total line length currently in operation. Take Shenzhen as an example. According to the plan put forward by the Municipal Transportation Work Conference, by 2025, Shenzhen will build "640 kilometers of urban rail+220 kilometers of railway".

Source: Wind, CITIC Construction Investment

On the other hand, there are more than 100 cities in China that are planning rail transit, and more cities that meet the requirements for subway declaration still have no subways, which means that more supply reserve troops are ready to go. Therefore, it can almost be concluded that with the promotion of "urban integration", the national urban rail system will continue to gain development momentum.

Urban rail, which blooms everywhere, is changing the space-time layout of a city by means of point-to-line and line-to-network, and also broadening the road for the city to a better future.

The orderly operation of a modern city depends on public transportation, and urban rail transit is the first choice for public transportation. Further exploration, the aorta of domestic urban rail transit is the subway.

Source: China Urban Rail Transit Association, as of June 30, 2021.

As an important part of the urban public transportation system, if the basic function of making travel more convenient and faster is put aside, the construction and operation of the project will also promote the development of property and commerce along the surrounding areas, and often form a unique "subway economic belt".

After all, travel is not an end, but arrival.

Exploring the "city" in the city: TOD model empowers the diversified and efficient development of the city

"People come to cities to live, and people live in cities to live better." -Aristotle

China’s urban rail construction has entered the fast lane of speeding up. From a subway to rail transit in major cities all over the country, innovation is still going on, and China’s wisdom is creating the future. Then the soul torture is coming. Besides providing increasingly convenient and fast transportation, what kind of surprises will the urban rail bring to people’s lives?

Due to different personal preferences, the answers are bound to be varied. But the TOD project will be one of the popular answers, which represents people’s yearning for a better life in the era of urban rail transit.

What new species is TOD?

In the past, the development of domestic cities was mainly based on spatial expansion, but now the logic has changed to spatial optimization.

Take Shanghai, where the density of domestic urban rail is at the forefront, when the domestic TOD project has not been introduced, because the subway line construction has been spreading in various districts of Shanghai, the real estate is often developed wherever the rail is built, that is, the "subway house" in the usual sense. Although in this mode, Line 1 has driven Xinzhuang, Line 9 has driven Songjiang and Line 11 has driven Jiading … But this simple and rough development mode is obviously not a long-term solution for big cities with increasingly insufficient land space and increasingly congested cities, and new urban planning urgently needs a dose of "TOD medicine".

When it comes to TOD, I believe that the deepest impression of most people is "the subway is covered". In the ordinary urban rail depot, vehicles used to park in the open air. If a large concrete cover is added on it, then this "cover" is equivalent to re-creating a valuable building land. Under the cover, new properties are built on the cover, which is commonly known as "superstructure property (subway roof)". This creative development idea, on the one hand, solves the problems of land shortage and housing difficulties, on the other hand, realizes the property feeding back to the urban rail and ensures the sustainable development of the urban rail property.

Comparison of the effect of "building property"

It should be noted that the "superstructure" only reflects one aspect of the TOD project, not the whole picture. In the early years, the United States took the lead in proposing a new mode of urban development TOD: transit-oriented-development, that is, an urban development mode centered on public transportation hubs, and establishing a central square or city center with a radius of 400-800 meters. It is no exaggeration to say that the standard TOD is a "mini city center". You can stay in it for a long time, but you can always easily communicate with the outside world.

Therefore, the TOD concept project is by no means equivalent to a subway house. It is not a single residential/commercial area built on the urban rail, nor a simple combination of various formats, but a fusion of life scenes: office, business, residence and other public buildings and landscape environments are integrated into one project, and people can enjoy a suitable street network pattern, work and living space.

Image source: Shenzhen Railway Real Estate

How is the excellent TOD practiced?

In the Shinjuku subway area of Tokyo, there are 17 rail lines gathering here, with 3.64 million people entering and leaving the gate/day, and there are 178 subway exits, the number of which is staggering. It has long been certified by Guinness World Records as the subway station with the largest number of users in the world.

In order to strengthen the link between the station and the surrounding commercial facilities, the developer upgraded the whole area into a more diversified "international exchange city". For example, in the aspect of transfer planning, the seamless connection of underground station, station business, above-ground station and above-ground business has been achieved; In terms of staying experience, more green nodes such as green terraces are added to "embellish" it.

It is not only the newly planned administrative and commercial center in Tokyo, but also a commercial district where department stores and commercial streets gather, and there are many famous enterprise headquarters, which makes the purchasing power of the huge floating population and the empowerment of the city have been qualitatively improved.

Looking back to China, the TOD project has a longer cycle than ordinary property development projects. According to the 3-4 year cycle, the number of follow-up plans, investment demand and business income of the sector may be fed back during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period. In addition, many late-developing cities, such as Guiyang, Nanchang and Lanzhou, are still in the initial stage of rail transit construction, and the lines have not yet been networked. The primary and secondary linkage of land business and TOD project planning have not yet been carried out due to the scale of rail transit. However, in the long run, with more and more urban rail transit plans approved, the market prospect of TOD project development is very broad.

In recent years, many mainland cities have also taken the lead in emerging a number of high-quality TOD projects.

Shanghai’s largest transportation hub, Dahongqiao, is home to airports, high-speed rail, urban rail and expressway. The Vanke Sky City project, which is entrenched here, draws lessons from the Japanese TOD model. Around Xuying Road Station of Line 17, the core of planning is the concept of 15-minute life circle mentioned in Shanghai 2035.

At the moment when the subway construction is in full swing, the TOD exploration road of Shenzhen Railway Real Estate, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Shenzhen Railway Group, also has many remarkable points.

Innovating "Track+Property" Mode and Practicing TOD Development Concept

In the eyes of the industry, TOD requires developers’ overall consideration ability and comprehensive coordination ability because it involves many stakeholders and the design scheme is complex. At present, there are few enterprises that have successfully implemented TDO mode in China, and Shenzhen Railway Real Estate, a subsidiary of Shenzhen Railway Group, is one of the few leading explorers.

The essence of the "track+property" development model of Shenzhen Railway Real Estate Co., Ltd. is the synchronous planning, synchronous design and synchronous construction of superstructure (Shenzhen Railway Real Estate Co., Ltd.) and subway line construction (Shenzhen Railway Construction Co., Ltd.), and provides financial support for the sustainable development of urban rail transit through the development of subway superstructure.

Image source: Shenzhen Railway Real Estate

Perhaps it is also due to the deep coupling with the parent company Shenzhen Metro Group in business collaboration. Shenzhen Railway Real Estate Co., Ltd., which covers two core businesses of property development and hub, has won the top three of the "Top Ten Comprehensive Strength of Shenzhen Real Estate Development Industry" for five consecutive years, and achieved sales of over 10 billion yuan for six consecutive years. As of September, 2021, Shenzhen Railway Property Co., Ltd. has obtained the comprehensive development right of 16 superstructure projects along the track, with a total development scale of 11.07 million ㎡, of which the built delivery area is about 3.9556 million ㎡, the construction area is about 5.44 million ㎡, and the construction area is about 1.666 million ㎡.

Source: Shenzhen Railway Real Estate.

The major TOD projects under Shenzhen Railway Real Estate Co., Ltd. have been completed one after another, which actually reflects the new changes in the development model of TOD in recent years.

First, from "single station independent development" to "district overall planning, station-city integration"

Take the Qianhai International Hub Project of Shenzhen Railway as an example. The planned hub and superstructure projects of this project have a total land area of 20 hectares and a total construction area of about 2.159 million ㎡. Upon completion, it is estimated that the total passenger flow will reach 750,000.

The planning of the project skillfully adopts the design concept of "integration of stations and cities". From the overall planning, Qianhai Hub connects Guangdong and Hong Kong with five lines, and the three-dimensional public transportation is seamlessly connected with the high-end urban complex, so as to build an intensive and three-dimensional 24-hour dynamic community based on Shenzhen Qianhai and radiating the Pearl River Delta and Hong Kong, shape the image of an international modern city window, and form the landmark and regional core of Qianhai District.

In terms of traffic design, on the premise of ensuring efficient transfer of internal pedestrian traffic, it is also connected with surrounding buildings or plots through underground, ground and second-floor pedestrian systems to realize fast and convenient pedestrian contact between the project and the surrounding areas.

Finally, the property and hub implement the concept of "integration" in the whole process of the project through integrated design management, planning, construction and operation.

In the future, in such a comprehensive community with mixed functions, the subway is carrying dreams to shuttle day and night. On the one hand, there are endless trains, on the other hand, there are bustling commercial and office areas, and on the other hand, it is a peaceful and quiet livable place.

Schematic diagram of station-city integration of "Shenzhen Railway Qianhai Transportation Hub"

Second, the transformation from "spatial planning" to "functional planning, spatial planning and integrated design"

The Jin Shang Garden of the subway, jointly presented by two state-owned enterprises, Shenzhen Railway Group and Zhenye Group, is seamlessly connected with Liuyue Station of Metro Line 3, and is a large-scale complex covering residential, apartment, commercial and sports parks.

The project innovatively combines the two values of "subway" and "park", and is adjacent to a large sports park in functional planning, including tennis courts, basketball courts, circular jogging tracks and other facilities; In space planning, brand businesses such as Boxma Xiansheng, China Film International Cinema, Starbucks and Decathlon are gathered to build a metropolis experience.

Third, the transformation from "space design around the site" to "characteristic scene creation" serving people’s life, travel and work needs.

The Shenzhen Railway Reading Mountain Garden Project can be said to have left a rich and colorful stroke for the construction of TOD characteristic scenes of Shenzhen Railway Real Estate. The project is positioned as an ecological zone of universities, a subway metropolis and an elite quality residential area. It is a high-grade elite quality community integrating housing, schools and supporting businesses. Because it is adjacent to well-known universities such as Peking University, Tsinghua and south university of science and technology of china, it has successfully created a characteristic scene of a humanistic university with mountains.

Fourth, change from "development and construction" to "comprehensive operation"

As the first masterpiece of urban high-end residential buildings created by Shenzhen Railway Property, Shenzhen Railway Yifu Project is a 750,000 ㎡ humanistic and ecological complex integrating high-end residential buildings, colorful businesses, sports parks and nine-year education facilities. From the beginning of the design, the project was based on the thinking of comprehensive operation, instead of relying too much on one subway station, it was built on four subway stations: Antuo Mountain, Shenkang, Qiaocheng North and Shenyun. The Antuo Mountain area is connected with Xiangmi Lake and OCT, and it is expected to become a new sample of urban mountain residence.

Schematic diagram of Shenzhen Tieyi Mansion

From "Qianhai International Hub Center" to "Shenzhen Railway House", it is a brand-new exploration and breakthrough again and again for the younger Shenzhen Railway home buyers in the young cities. Relying on the deep accumulation of Shenzhen Railway Group for more than 12 years, Shenzhen Railway Real Estate will continue to deepen the TOD model and build a more anticipated "track+property" map.

Of course, beyond the transformation, we need more persistence. Many TOD classic concepts, such as people-centered, efficient land opening and efficient accessibility, have always run through the long journey of Shenzhen Railway to help residents on the urban rail reach infinite possibilities.