CCTV News:Recently, the first round of coordinated and strengthened supervision by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment was launched in 25 provinces across the country in 2019. In the first round of supervision this year, the treatment of urban black and odorous water bodies is the top priority. However, during the unannounced visit, the reporter found that in some places, when the expert group inspected, pollution control was normal, and when the expert group left, there was a situation in which sewage was directly discharged and environmental protection facilities were ineffective; In other places, there are strange scenes of pollution control and sewage discharge.

　　According to the requirements of the central government, 2019 is the "year of burden reduction at the grassroots level". The Ministry of Ecology and Environment has also greatly adjusted the way of environmental supervision, inspection and assessment, reducing the original 27 supervision, inspection and assessment to two, and coordinating key tasks in the tough battle of pollution prevention and control to reduce local interference.

　　The process of environmental supervision is simplified, how can the effect be strengthened? How to establish a long-term mechanism for environmental protection?

　　Why are there "two faces" in environmental protection rectification?

　　Liu Ge: There are two kinds of mentality behind the "two faces"

　　　Liu Ge, financial commentator of CCTV: At the moment when environmental protection has become a consensus, this phenomenon should be more based on the luck of hiding the sky and crossing the sea, and the helplessness of being unable to do so.

　　Why do you say that? Nowadays, many places can see very beautiful sewage treatment plants, which are very modern and have a good treatment level. However, it is very likely that the urban sewage discharge pipe network still owes a lot of money. When it is inspected, it will not be discharged. When it is not inspected, those who are unable to collect the sewage from the sewage treatment plant will still be the same. Behind the cover-up, there is also a lack of ability, because there is really no ability to support, and the operation also costs money. But in any case, you can’t have two faces. This is a matter of principle.

　　How to establish a long-term mechanism for environmental protection governance?

　　Chang Jiwen: Striving for Progress in Stability and Strengthening Infrastructure Construction

　　　Chang Jiwen, Deputy Director of the Institute of Resources and Environment Protection of the State Council Development Research Center: The Central Environmental Protection Inspector Group looked back at the feedback some time ago. The construction of sewage treatment facilities and sewage pipe network in the central and western regions was seriously in debt, and sewage treatment was a small-profit industry, so social capital was unwilling to enter. This short board must be filled.

　　In addition, there are some compulsory means besides lack of money. For example, we say garbage sorting. If sanitation agencies collect garbage and put the garbage sorted by ordinary people together, it will be severely punished. Many key tasks of environmental protection before the end of 2020, including the construction of rural sewage facilities, the diversion of rain and sewage, and the improvement of sewage treatment rate, need to be solved by paying equal attention to supervision and investment.

　　Liu Ge: Environmental protection governance needs to broaden the financial path.

　　Liu Ge, financial commentator of CCTV: Supervision needs a long-term mechanism. We can’t have so many inspectors who go to places one by one, look along the river and check along the road. This requires a new mechanism, including the use of technical means, such as combining the Internet of Things with environmental monitoring, and each sewage outlet has sufficient monitoring facilities.

　　But this is the same as the infrastructure debt of pollution control, and it needs money. For a long time, our pollution control has mainly relied on finance, perhaps supplemented by some special funds and sewage charges, but for many places, it is not enough to solve the problem, so many places are also trying more market-oriented business models.

　　Chang Jiwen: Protecting the environment requires strategic determination and should not be relaxed.

　　Chang Jiwen, Deputy Director of the Institute of Resources and Environment of the State Council Development Research Center: This year is the year of reducing the burden at the grassroots level, but the simplification of the process of environmental protection supervision does not mean loosening the requirements of environmental protection, but optimizing the supervision mode, so that the local authorities can carry out systematic pollution control through comprehensive supervision.

　　The ultimate goal is to strengthen their strategic strength, bite the bullet and not relax.

　　Liu Ge: Protecting the environment is a great undertaking for a thousand years, which requires wisdom and patience.

　　Liu Ge, financial commentator of CCTV: In the stage of tackling key environmental problems, wisdom is especially needed. For example, a financial mechanism may not be able to raise enough funds, so we need to find a new mechanism.

　　In the longer term, some illegal industries can be closed, and some long-term pollution may be inevitable in the development, which requires more patience. In the case that it is impossible to tackle the problem overnight, we can finally solve it by setting the overall goal, scientifically setting the timetable and road map.

Science and Technology Daily News (Reporter Li Daqing) Recently, the Party Group of the Chinese Academy of Sciences issued the "Implementation Measures for Implementing Several Opinions on Further Strengthening the Construction of Scientific Research Integrity" (hereinafter referred to as the "Measures"), which made specific arrangements for building a responsibility system, strengthening process management, giving priority to education, and seriously investigating and dealing with scientific research misconduct.

The party group of Chinese Academy of Sciences emphasized that scientific research integrity is the cornerstone of scientific and technological innovation. The work of scientific research integrity construction of Chinese Academy of Sciences should aim at optimizing the environment of scientific and technological innovation, focus on promoting the institutionalization of scientific research integrity construction, take the improvement of scientific research integrity working mechanism as the guarantee, adhere to education, prevention and punishment at the same time, pay equal attention to self-discipline and supervision, adhere to no-forbidden zone, full coverage and zero tolerance, seriously investigate and deal with behaviors that violate the requirements of scientific research integrity, and strive to create a new pattern of scientific research integrity construction with joint construction, governance and sharing.

The first is to clarify responsibilities and build a responsibility system. The "Measures" established a three-level scientific research integrity management system for colleges, branches and affiliated units. The main body responsible for the integrity construction of scientific research in the hospital is the scientific research ethics Committee of the hospital, and the relevant departments of the hospital are responsible for the integrity construction of scientific research activities such as disciplines and scientific research plans; Each branch is the main body responsible for coordinating the construction of scientific research integrity of affiliated units in this area, and establishes a steering Committee for scientific research ethics construction of branches; All affiliated units are the first responsible subjects of scientific research integrity construction of their own units, and bring scientific research integrity work into normal management. The department of Chinese Academy of Sciences should strengthen the requirements of scientific research integrity and supervision and management for academicians.

The second is to pay close attention to details and strengthen process management. The "Measures" require the establishment and improvement of the scientific research integrity commitment system in the whole hospital and the signing of the scientific research integrity commitment letter. Add and improve scientific research integrity clauses in various scientific and technological agreements. At the same time, improve the scientific research integrity audit procedures in project evaluation, talent evaluation and institutional evaluation. Restrict those who have bad credit records according to regulations, and implement "one-vote veto" for those who seriously violate the requirements of scientific research integrity. The "Measures" also put forward the "integrity file" of pilot projects and achievement evaluation experts, strengthened the original records of scientific research, and improved the management and early warning system of academic journals.

The third is education first, integrated into key nodes. The Measures require all units to make full use of traditional media positions, actively expand new media channels, strengthen the publicity of scientific research integrity, and timely expose typical cases that violate the requirements of scientific research integrity. At the same time, it is necessary to carry out targeted scientific research integrity education for scientific research project personnel. All affiliated units should incorporate scientific research integrity education into the continuing education plan. Colleges and universities should incorporate scientific research integrity education into their teaching plans.

The fourth is to seriously investigate and deal with it and closely follow academic supervision. The "Measures" require that the investigation and handling methods be further improved according to the unified deployment of the state, and the responsibility system for investigating scientific misconduct cases be implemented. Adhere to the academic and administrative lines, and pay attention to the role of experts and academic communities. At the same time, it is emphasized that the academic treatment of misconduct in scientific research should follow the principles of objectivity, impartiality, professional prudence, transparent procedures and collective decision, and distinguish between academic treatment measures and other measures.

The fifth is to work together to cultivate an atmosphere of integrity. The "Measures" require responsible subjects at all levels to take the initiative to take responsibility and work together to cultivate an atmosphere of scientific research integrity. The whole hospital will promote the detection and evaluation of the integrity information system, and at the same time, it is required to unblock the supervision channels, actively carry out investigations and publish the results. In addition, the Measures also propose to maintain interaction with international organizations and institutions and carry out cooperation in the field of scientific research integrity.

Film poster

　 　 1905 movie network news The 4th Beijing International Film Festival opened in Beijing on April 16th. As the opening film of the festival, French films first met the audience in China. The film was written and directed by christophe gans, the French director who directed the thriller and suspense movie Ghost Angel. The dark colors and severe scenes show a strong dark style. The role of "Belle Bella" is played by the leading French actress Léa Seydoux, whose cool temperament and extremely gorgeous modeling are impressive.

New interpretation adds fatalism, exquisite picture, dark style

　 　 The first published version of Beauty and the Beast appeared in the works of the French writer Madame Villeneuve in 1740. In this original version, the prince was orphaned by an evil fairy when he was young. When the prince came of age, the fairy lured him into failure and turned him into a beast. Later versions cut down the reason why the prince turned into a beast. The popular version of children’s fairy tales was basically expressed as "being turned into a beast because he didn’t know how to love". The 1946 black-and-white movie and the animated version produced by Disney in 1991 both used the children’s fairy tale version.
　 　
　 　 Christopher, the director and screenwriter, made a new interpretation of the reason why the prince turned into a beast. The prince turned into a beast no longer because he was harmed by others, but because he was to blame himself. The meeting between Bella and the beast was no longer just caused by Bella’s father’s accidental intrusion, which added a strong sense of destiny. This fateful plot indirectly explained the reason why the heroine Bella fell in love with the beast.

　 　 However, not everyone accepts this interpretation. Because the film strengthens the influence of fate on their love, some people think that Bella’s love with the beast is somewhat inexplicable, while others think that this arrangement downplays the theme of "love redemption" in fairy tales.

　 　 The film continues the director’s dark fantasy style, and the story is told in parallel and finally naturally meets. The most impressive thing about the whole film is the gorgeous modeling of the characters and the film picture with oil painting texture. The overall tone is gloomy and gloomy, especially in the performance of large-scale scenes, which creates a strange atmosphere. In the performance of rural scenery, many frames are like European oil paintings that can be hung on the wall. Different from the background of the picture, the costumes of the protagonists are gorgeous and compelling, and the sharp contrast also strengthens the sense of drama conflict.

The picture of the film is exquisite, and the heroine is charming.

Léa Seydoux turned into a "painting man", and the French prince was elegant and charming.

　 　 Léa Seydoux, whose Life of Adele is famous all over the world, was once described by the magazine as "a person who escaped from the paintings of the Renaissance". As a model, she has a cold face, a loose and desolate expression, and a distinctive facial contour shows a tough temperament. Leia once said in an interview that this film will be very "modern". From the perspective of clothing, it really looks like Leia’s personal fashion show.

　 　 In the film, the dress of the heroine Bella is divided into three stages: as the youngest daughter in the family, Bella’s dress is the least complicated but the most exquisite among the daughters; After the family came down, Bella took it easy and put on the clothes of a peasant woman; After staying at the Beast Castle, Bella put on many sets of gorgeous clothes provided by the Beast. At first, the pure white showed Bella’s confusion, and then a set of blue dresses revealed Bella’s growing inner strength. Finally, the red Chinese clothes made Bella the most dazzling, and the picture of her going into danger alone was even more moving.

　 　 The plasticity of Leiya’s personal temperament is also surprising. In "Adele’s Life", the handsome blue hair style still stays in the audience’s impression, and she can freely switch between sweetness and royal sister in the film.

　 　 Interestingly, the prince played by Vincent Cassel in the film surprised some viewers. His rough appearance is different from the traditional handsome prince in China, and some viewers think that he is a real French prince who is elegant and mature. In fact, this famous French actor, who has appeared in other classic films, mostly appears as a beast in the film. However, when he appears as a prince, he still exudes French aristocratic temperament.

　　After 19 days of release, the box office broke 3.6 billion, ranking among the top five in the mainland box office list, and Ne Zha quickly became the box office champion of domestic animated films. In addition to the "China Myth Universe", "Nezha" also shows the strength of a large number of domestic film and television production teams in a low-key way. The reporter found that the names of nearly 70 production teams appeared in the credits of the film, and the luxury of the lineup has not lost to foreign special effects blockbusters.

　　Recently, the reporter interviewed Nanjing Yuanguang Digital Technology Co., Ltd., which participated in the production of Nezha, and Nanjing Force Animation, which produced a 300-minute virtual picture of the TV series Full-time Master, to understand how technicians created a virtual three-dimensional world through CG (computer animation), motion capture and other "technical flow" work.

　　"Nezha" was born in this way.

　　Most special effects

　　There are more than 1,800 shots in Nezha, including 1,400 special effects shots, which is the highest among Chinese cartoons.

　　From Noisy Sea to Nezha: From 2D to 3D, from hand-drawing to computer modeling.

　　Compared with the animated film "Where is the Sea", which was also widely praised 40 years ago, the most intuitive impression of the "amateur" audience is that the original two-dimensional picture has become the current three-dimensional picture. Not only Nezha, but also the animated films in recent years, we will find that with the rapid development of CG (computer animation) technology, there are more and more three-dimensional animations.

　　"The difference between two-dimensional animation and three-dimensional animation is mainly reflected in the middle and late stages." Lu Xi, director of Yuanguang Digital CG Department, told reporters that whether it is two-dimensional animation or three-dimensional animation, script roles, scenes, props setting, shot script production and other work should be carried out in the early stage. From the beginning of modeling and mapping, the characteristics of three-dimensional animation began to appear.

　　It is understood that the picture of two-dimensional animation is flat, generally hand-drawn. The production method is to input the pre-drawn animation into the computer frame by frame, and the computer helps to complete the coloring, and then output it into pieces. Three-dimensional animation is generally a virtual space established by three-dimensional software, and then modeled in this space according to the shape and size of the object to be represented. According to the requirements of the story, the material of the model is made, the motion animation is set, the virtual camera is added, and the lights are put on it, and finally the picture is generated.

　　The technology of "growing" wrinkles and "growing" hair makes the details more simple and real.

　　In order to avoid spoilers, Lu Xi took other works of the company as examples, and used pictures to show reporters the process of "birth" of an elderly male character.

　　Modeling is the first step to create three-dimensional figures. Thanks to the progress of digital carving and other technical means, technicians can now process the model more carefully and add wrinkles and other details. The next mapping adds details such as skin color, skin texture and hair to the plaster model with single color and texture, and the age spots on the old man’s face are clearly visible. In the early days, the modeling of three-dimensional animated hair needed to map fake hair, but now, technicians can use software to make people "grow" hairs, each of which conforms to the dynamic characteristics and is very authentic.

　　To make the model move, it is necessary to bind the bones, spine, humerus, ulna and phalanx … … Driving the model with the weight distribution of bones in different parts makes the model have similar actions with real people. There are generally two ways to shape expressions: to make key frames of expressions manually, or to do it through motion capture devices.

　　After that, it is necessary to put the characters into the environment and complete the rendering and special effects synthesis. This part sounds more like a physics lesson: fine-tuning the material, such as a table, adjusting the reflective effect according to the specific situation, adding more real details such as wear and scratches; Rendering layering, layering the place where each lamp shines, which is convenient for later adjustment; Special effects production, such as people entering the pool, people interacting with water as collision objects; Finally, the light rendering and special effects synthesis, and then fine-tune the light projection and so on.

　　How is the "full-time master" tempered?

　　Enough "luxury"

　　"Full-time Master" has more than 300 minutes of virtual pictures, and its volume is almost three times that of ordinary movies. Therefore, the Force team formed a team of 566 people and completed the production task within half a year.

　　94 cameras were used for modeling.

　　To be "a little like him and a little different from him"

　　Stick marks all over your body and do various actions in the motion capture shed; Put on an expression catcher and mobilize all facial muscles to match the real expressions of emotions and sorrows for the virtual characters … … These shooting methods, which often appear in "burning money" movies in Europe and America, are widely used in the recently popular online drama "Full-time Master". The Force Animation Company, which completed this "luxury" production, is headquartered in Nanjing. Previously, Yang Yang and other actors completed the filming of the virtual part in Nanjing’s Force Motion Capture Base. In addition to software and hardware, the technical team also belongs to the film-level ultra-luxury lineup.

　　The reporter learned that "Full-time Master" is an e-sports TV series with a large number of virtual shots in the game. In order to enhance the recognition of virtual characters, the producer adopted the method of redesigning the faces of real actors. Shi Ningning, executive producer of visual effects of Force Animation, introduced that Force Animation used 94 cameras to scan Yang Yang and other leading actors from multiple perspectives, built a real head model, and then adjusted the details to make the digital characters "a little like Yang Yang but a little different". In addition, the actor has to make 74 special facial expressions, such as emotions, emotions, eyes wide open, eyes wide open, mouth wide open and so on, so that the expressions can be more truly presented in the three-dimensional world.

　　After that, it should be "matched" with the real characters and real scenes of physical props in the studio in real time, and through certain technical processing, actors can drive digital characters with their limbs. "For example, when Yang Yang raised his left hand, his corresponding game character Jun Moxiao also raised his left hand; When he picked up the weapon props, Jun Moxiao also picked up the weapon ‘ Thousand machine umbrellas ’ 。”

　　"The next step is action editing and special effects editing. The concept of virtual shooting special effects editing is completely different from that of conventional editing." Shi Ningning said that this is the coolest part. In the built digital world, all actions can be replayed and repeated constantly. Virtual cameras can get close-ups, distant views and close-ups of faces from all angles. After a few seconds of performance, they can change "positions" to get hundreds of shots, which are output and edited to form all the necessary elements in a scene.

　　Technology is a double-edged sword.

　　Did Simba the lion "face paralysis"?

　　The audience may not necessarily buy the technology of "god reduction"

　　This year, the "live CG version" movies Alita and The Lion King are both called the ultimate application of CG technology. There are no real people in the two films, so it is called "real version" because a lot of motion capture and real expression capture are used in the films.

　　There are 47 hair styles including eyebrows and eyelashes. There are nearly 500,000 "peach fluff" on the face and ears, and more than 2,500 fixed-frame images of facial expressions … … Figures and actress rosa salazar’s action and expression capture create an Alita with real joys and sorrows, which makes fans of the original comic book very happy.

　　However, it is also "God restored". After the release of The Lion King, it was criticized by many old fans as "facial paralysis" and "dull expression without aura". Some even directly said that the director used CG technology excessively to shoot an Animal World, and the little lion Simba completely lost the soul of the original animation.

　　"Exaggerated expression is the feature and charm of animation. If you rely on technology to pursue complete ‘ Restore ’ , but let the role lose its expressiveness, then ‘ Animation ’ It makes no sense. " Lu Xi bluntly said that technology is a tool to promote the continuous innovation and progress of animation, rather than a stumbling block to imagination, and technology should be well used in animation production. (Yangzi Evening News/Yangyan reporter Liu Liyuan)