Xinhua News Agency, Danjiangkou, Hubei/Xichuan, Henan, May 20th Title: Probe into the Water Source Area of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters Liu Shiping, Qu Ting and Sun Qingqing

　　Danjiangkou Reservoir, known as "the largest artificial lake in Asia", is the water source area of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project. Xinhua News Agency’s all-media investigation team of South-to-North Water Diversion Project came here on the 20th, followed the water quality monitor into the reservoir area, boarded the dam with the dam manager, and drove to the beginning of the long canal — — At the head of Taocha canal, look for the "password" of the water source area where a river of clear water flows northward.

　　This is the view of Danjiangkou Reservoir in danjiangkou city, Hubei Province (photo of UAV) taken on May 20th. Xinhua News Agency reporter Cai Yang photo

　　Water quality: "Giant panda in water" appears in the reservoir.

　　At about 10 o’clock, the reporter and Han Baihui, a water quality monitor in the reservoir area of the Middle Route Water Source Company of South-to-North Water Transfer Project, took a water quality monitoring boat and came to one of the 16 important water quality monitoring sections in the reservoir area — — Monitoring section in front of dam.

　　He told reporters that in 2018, the water quality monitoring personnel of the Mid-line Water Source Company found a large number of clustered living peach jellyfish in the center of the reservoir area, and successfully collected multiple living specimens.

　　"Peach blossom jellyfish have ‘ Giant panda in water ’ Known as an extremely endangered species, it has high requirements for the water environment. " Han Baihui said that the appearance of living peach jellyfish in the reservoir is directly related to the improvement of the ecological environment here, which is a strong proof to test the effectiveness of the water source protection system.

　　The water samples collected by Han Baihui were analyzed and tested in the laboratory, and the results showed that the water quality in the reservoir area was excellent, which met the Class II water quality standard.

　　Qin He, a senior engineer in the water supply department of Midline Water Company, said that in order to do a good job in reservoir water quality monitoring, Midline Water Company has built a network of water quality monitoring stations in the reservoir area. The monitoring data for many years show that the water quality in the reservoir area is stable and can reach or exceed the Class II standard of surface water.

　　This is the view of Danjiangkou Reservoir in danjiangkou city, Hubei Province (photo of UAV) taken on May 20th. Xinhua News Agency reporter Cai Yang photo

　　Dam: "Dressing and wearing a hat" is only for more South-to-North Water Diversion.

　　At 11: 05, the reporter came to the dam with Tang Yuanchang, executive deputy director of the Technical Committee of the Central Line Water Company. Looking around, the reservoir area was blue and the dam area was infinitely green.

　　"The reservoir is so vast because of this heightened dam. Without it, no amount of water can gather. " Tang Yuanchang said.

　　The reporter saw at the dam safety monitoring center station that the water level in front of the Danjiangkou Reservoir dam was 160.98 meters that day, exceeding the summer flood control limit water level, which means that there is enough water in the water source area of the middle route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project to be transferred to the north.

　　By the 20th, Danjiangkou Reservoir had transferred 38.3 billion cubic meters of water to the north. It is the Danjiangkou dam after heightening that stops this reservoir of clear water.

　　The heightening of Danjiangkou Dam, which was completed in the 1970s, raised the dam elevation from 162 meters to 176.6 meters, raised the normal water level of the reservoir from 157 meters to 170 meters, and correspondingly increased the storage capacity of the normal water level from 15.665 billion cubic meters to 27.205 billion cubic meters, thus meeting the need of water supply from the central line to the north. At the same time, the newly opened open channel can be used to deliver water to Beijing by itself and supply water to Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and Henan along the route.

　　"The heightening project is a thickening, heightening and transformation based on the initial project. The industry compares this to ‘ Wear clothes and hats ’ High technical requirements and difficult construction are no less than building a new dam. " Tang Yuanchang said that the solution of a series of major technical problems has better ensured the quality of the heightening project. In October 2017, the water level of the reservoir reached 167 meters, and the heightened dam stood the test.

　　As of May 18th, Danjiangkou Reservoir has supplied 4.089 billion cubic meters of water to the north this year, completing 55.08% of the annual water supply plan, ensuring the safety of water supply in the middle line.

　　This is the view of Danjiangkou Reservoir in danjiangkou city, Hubei Province, which was taken on May 20th. On the same day, the water level in front of the Danjiangkou Reservoir dam was 160.98 meters, which exceeded the summer flood control limit, which means that there is enough water in the water source area of the middle route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project to be transferred to the north (photo of drone). Xinhua News Agency reporter Cai Yang photo

　　Water transfer: "friends circle" cooperates to smooth the water pulse

　　"The improvement of water quality can make the water of the North Water Transfer Project clear, and the heightening of the dam can ensure the quantity of water transfer. The next step is how to control the operation of the reservoir to ensure the flood control and water supply safety of the reservoir and give full play to the comprehensive utilization benefits of the reservoir." Hu Yongguang, head of the Reservoir Dispatching Section of the Water Dispatching Center of Hanjiang Group Corporation, said.

　　According to reports, after the water supply, Hanjiang Group Corporation and the Mid-line Water Source Company jointly set up a water supply leading group for the Mid-line Water Source Project to coordinate the water supply management of the reservoir.

　　"According to the authorization of the Yangtze River Water Conservancy Commission, Hanjiang Group Corporation, Middle Route Water Source Company and the Middle Route Construction Management Bureau of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project negotiated and established the water supply dispatching process at the head of Taocha Canal: the Middle Route Construction Management Bureau of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project issued a dispatching request, and Hanjiang Group Corporation submitted it to the Yangtze River Committee for approval and issued a dispatching order. The water supply dispatching order was strictly implemented at the head of Taocha Canal, and the implementation situation was timely fed back." Hu Yongguang said.

　　The Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project draws water from Taocha Canal Head Hub to the north. If Danjiangkou Reservoir is the "big pool" of South-to-North Water Diversion Project, the function of Taocha canal head is equivalent to controlling the "faucet" of Danjiangkou Reservoir, and controlling and regulating the amount of water going northward.

　　At 15: 00, the reporter drove about 40 minutes from danjiangkou city, Hubei, and came to the head of Taocha Canal in Xichuan County, Henan Province. Wang Xiyuan, director of the Taocha Management Office of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project, said that as the "faucet" of the middle route, the first section of the canal is the beginning of a long canal in the middle route, and we do our best to dispatch water to ensure that a clear water from the first section of the Taocha canal enters the main canal and runs all the way to the north.

　　Ask the canal to be so clear, because there is flowing water from the source. At present, the high-quality south water from Danjiangkou Reservoir has become the main water source of more than 20 large and medium-sized cities in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei.

　　This is a panoramic photo of Danjiangkou Reservoir in danjiangkou city, Hubei Province, taken on May 20th. Xinhua News Agency reporter Cai Yang photo

　　This is the view of Danjiangkou Reservoir in danjiangkou city, Hubei Province, which was taken on May 20th. On the same day, the water level in front of the Danjiangkou Reservoir dam was 160.98 meters, which exceeded the summer flood control limit, which means that there is enough water in the water source area of the middle route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project to be transferred to the north (photo of drone). Xinhua News Agency reporter Cai Yang photo

　　This is the view of Danjiangkou Reservoir in danjiangkou city, Hubei Province (photo of UAV) taken on May 20th. Xinhua News Agency reporter Cai Yang photo

　　This is the view of Danjiangkou Reservoir in danjiangkou city, Hubei Province (photo of UAV) taken on May 20th. Xinhua News Agency reporter Cai Yang photo

　　On May 20th, in the monitoring section in front of Danjiangkou Reservoir in danjiangkou city, Hubei Province, the water quality monitoring personnel and media reporters in the reservoir area of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project showed the collected water samples. Xinhua News Agency reporter Cai Yang photo

　　On May 20th, the water quality monitoring personnel in the reservoir area of the Middle Route Water Source Company of South-to-North Water Transfer Project showed the collected water samples at the dam front monitoring section of Danjiangkou Reservoir in danjiangkou city, Hubei Province. Xinhua News Agency reporter Cai Yang photo

　　On May 20th, the water quality monitoring personnel in the reservoir area of the Middle Route Water Source Company of South-to-North Water Transfer Project showed the collected water samples at the dam front monitoring section of Danjiangkou Reservoir in danjiangkou city, Hubei Province. Xinhua News Agency reporter Cai Yang photo

　　On May 20th, Tang Yuanchang, executive deputy director of the Technical Committee of Midline Water Company, showed how to collect water samples at the dam front monitoring section of Danjiangkou Reservoir in danjiangkou city, Hubei Province. Xinhua News Agency reporter Cai Yang photo

　　On May 20th, in Danjiangkou Dam, danjiangkou city, Hubei Province, You Rongqiang, director of the monitoring branch of Danjiang Power Plant of Hanjiang Group Corporation and deputy secretary of the Party branch, inspected the automatic monitoring equipment. Xinhua News Agency reporter Cai Yang photo

　　On May 20th, at Danjiangkou Dam in danjiangkou city, Hubei Province, Yang Bing, deputy director of Danjiang Power Plant Monitoring Branch of Hanjiang Group Company, inspected the static leveling point, which is used to measure the vertical displacement change of concrete dam. Xinhua News Agency reporter Cai Yang photo

　　On May 20th, at Danjiangkou Dam in danjiangkou city City, Hubei Province, workers were working on the dam crest. Xinhua News Agency reporter Cai Yang photo

　　On May 20th, in Danjiangkou Dam, danjiangkou city, Hubei Province, the staff inspected the dam body. Xinhua News Agency reporter Cai Yang photo

　　On May 20th, at Danjiangkou Reservoir in danjiangkou city, Hubei Province, tourists were enjoying the beautiful scenery of the reservoir area. Xinhua News Agency reporter Cai Yang　

recent days

Published on the website of Huangshi Municipal Market Supervision Administration

Typical case of "no catching" in Huangshi city

1. A restaurant in huangshigang district issued a false advertisement case.

On May 16th, 2022, law enforcement officers of Huangshi Municipal Market Supervision Administration inspected a restaurant in huangshigang district according to their work arrangements. On-the-spot inspection found that two billboards of "Jiang catfish" were posted on the wall of the lobby of the store, and the words "Jiang catfish" were found on the tablet computer used for ordering food, marked as 98 yuan per catty. It is now found out that on May 14th, 2022, the party concerned made two billboards of "Jiang Catfish" and one menu containing "Jiang Catfish" in an advertising material business department in huangshigang district, and the advertising expenses totaled 1,250 yuan.

In addition, it was found that the catfish used in this dish was purchased by Wang’s aquatic products department in the farmer’s market, which was an aquaculture catfish, and the purchase price of catfish was 5.6 yuan per catty. In order to attract consumption, the parties concerned pretended to be Yangtze catfish by breeding catfish, and were suspected of publishing false advertisements.

According to the investigation, Huangshi Municipal Market Supervision Administration ordered the parties to stop advertising and eliminate the influence within the corresponding scope, and imposed a fine of 5,000 yuan.

Second, a fast food restaurant in huangshigang district issued a false advertisement case.

On December 22, 2020, when law enforcement officers inspected a fast food restaurant in huangshigang district, they found that the menu offered to customers included braised catfish dishes.

After investigation, it was found that the "catfish" used in this store was purchased from Wang, a central bazaar, and it was actually an aquaculture catfish. After verification, the price per catty of catfish was 6.5 yuan. In order to attract consumption, the parties pretend to be catfish in the menu for publicity. In May this year, the client commissioned an advertising department to produce five menus involving braised catfish dishes, and the advertising expenses totaled 140 yuan.

According to the investigation, Huangshi Municipal Market Supervision Administration ordered the parties concerned to stop advertising and eliminate the influence within the corresponding scope, and imposed a fine on 560 yuan.

3. A catering service limited liability company in Huangshi issued a false advertising case.

According to the data monitored by the network supervision office of the provincial bureau on the Meituan platform, Huangshi Municipal Market Supervision Administration inspected a catering service limited liability company in Huangshi on January 20th, which opened a restaurant named "A Garden" on the Meituan platform, and marked "Qingjiang Grilled Fish" on the network.

It was found out that the "grass carp" used in this store was purchased by Liu, a central bazaar, and it was actually an aquaculture grass carp. After verification, the price per catty of grass carp was 6.8 yuan. In order to attract consumption, the parties publicized the grass carp on the platform of Meituan as Qingjiang fish. In December, 2020, the party concerned entrusted an advertising production department in Xisaishan District to produce the pictures displayed on Meituan platform, and the advertising expenses totaled 800 yuan.

According to the investigation, Huangshi Municipal Market Supervision Administration stopped publishing advertisements according to law and eliminated the influence within the corresponding scope, and was fined 3,200 yuan.

4. A hotel in Huangshi City issued a false advertisement case.

On December 22, 2020, law enforcement officers inspected a hotel in Huangshi City and found that the menu provided for customers and the billboard on the wall of the store had casseroles and catfish dishes.

It was found that the "catfish" used in the hotel was purchased from Li, a central bazaar, and it was actually an aquaculture catfish. Upon verification, the price per catty of catfish is 6 yuan. In order to attract consumption, the parties pretend to be catfish in the menu for publicity. In November this year, the client commissioned an advertising printing company in the development zone to produce 200 menus and 10 billboards involving casseroles and catfish dishes, with a total advertising cost of 378 yuan.

According to the investigation, Huangshi Municipal Market Supervision Administration ordered the parties to stop advertising and eliminate the influence within the corresponding scope, and imposed a fine of 1512 yuan.

5. A fish restaurant in huangshigang district issued a false advertisement case.

According to the contents of the special monitoring clues of online transactions in September by the Network Supervision Department of the Municipal Bureau, law enforcement officers conducted an on-site inspection of a fish restaurant in huangshigang district on October 25th. The store opened a restaurant named "a fish wrapped in paper" on the platform of Meituan, and marked "Yangtze catfish" dishes on the Internet. It was found out that the catfish used by the parties was purchased from a farmer’s market in Fumou, and it was actually an aquaculture catfish. After verification, the price per catty of catfish was 7.5 yuan. In order to attract consumption, the parties publicized the catfish as Yangtze catfish on the platform of Meituan. In October, 2021, the party concerned entrusted a certain advertising decoration and design center in huangshigang district to produce the exhibition pictures of Meituan platform, which cost a total of 510 yuan.

According to the investigation, Huangshi Municipal Market Supervision Administration ordered the parties to stop advertising and eliminate the influence within the corresponding scope, and imposed a fine of 2040 yuan.

6. Consumer fraud case in a restaurant in Xisaishan District.

On July 29th, 2021, law enforcement officers of Huangshi Municipal Market Supervision Administration inspected a restaurant in Xisaishan District during the special work of banning fishing in the Yangtze River, and found two dishes "Braised Qingjiang River Carp" and "Braised Qingjiang River Carp Stewed Soup" in the menu, and found a live squid in the aquatic product area. After calling up the sales records in the computer management system, they found that "Braised Qingjiang Carp" was sold. According to our investigation, the responsible person of a commercial firm in huangshigang district is responsible for the supply of the squid manufactured and sold by the parties concerned. The responsible person bought it from Wuhan Hanbei Wholesale Market, all of which are artificially cultured, and the purchase price is 35 yuan/kg, which has nothing to do with Qingjiang. The parties concerned did not ask the supplier for Qingjiang River Carp when purchasing the goods, and the supplier did not specify that Qingjiang River Carp was supplied.

According to the investigation, Huangshi Municipal Market Supervision Administration ordered the parties concerned to correct their illegal acts according to law, and imposed an administrative penalty of confiscation of illegal income of 1,267.2 yuan and a fine of 2,534.4 yuan.

Seven, a restaurant in Xialu District false advertising case.

On April 13th, 2021, when the law enforcement officers of Huangshi Municipal Market Supervision Bureau inspected a liquor business place in Xialu District, they found wild turtle dishes in the cashier’s menu. After verification, the raw materials for making wild turtle dishes were cultured products.

According to the investigation, Huangshi Municipal Market Supervision Administration ordered the parties to immediately correct the illegal acts and imposed a fine of 1,200 yuan.

Eight, a hotel in daye city issued a false advertising case.

On September 28th, 2020, when the law enforcement officers of daye city Market Supervision Bureau carried out a special inspection of "No Fishing on the Yangtze River" in a hotel in daye city, they found that the words "One Pot of Fresh River Fish" and "Wild Turtle" were marked in the publicity menu of the hotel. After investigation, they were actually artificially cultured crucian carp and turtle, which were inconsistent with their propaganda of "River Fish" and "Wild Turtle".

According to the investigation, Huangshi Municipal Market Supervision Administration ordered the parties concerned to eliminate the influence within the corresponding scope and imposed a fine of 10,000 yuan.

Nine, a health restaurant in daye city issued a false advertising case.

Daye city Municipal Bureau of Market Supervision issued an administrative penalty of ordering to eliminate the influence and fine within the corresponding scope for the illegal act of publishing false advertisements in a health restaurant next to Weilan Harbor Community in Dongfeng Street, daye city.

On January 25th, 2021, the law enforcement officers of this bureau carried out a special inspection activity of "No Fishing on the Yangtze River" at the business premises of the client in the Blue Harbor Community of Dongfeng Street, daye city. During the inspection, it was found that the menu used by the client on the spot was printed with the dish "Casserole Silver Carp". After on-the-spot inquiry, the client did not use wild silver carp in cooking this dish, but ordinary cultured aquatic products purchased from the farmers’ market.

According to the investigation, Huangshi Municipal Market Supervision Administration ordered the party concerned to eliminate the influence within the corresponding scope and imposed a fine of 8,000 yuan.

X. False propaganda case of a private kitchen in huangshigang district.

After investigation, the raw materials of the dishes marked on the menu of a private kitchen in huangshigang district, such as "wild turtle", "fragrant wild white Diao", "steamed Jianggui" and "Gracilaria", are all fresh-water cultured aquatic products.

According to the investigation, Huangshi Municipal Market Supervision Administration confiscated 150 yuan, the illegal income of the party concerned, and imposed a fine on 850 yuan.

XI. The case of a restaurant in Yangxin County operating "wild fish" dishes with false advertisements on the third online trading platform.

On March 15, 2021, Yangxin County Market Supervision Bureau received a letter from the Provincial Market Supervision Bureau on the transfer of the monitoring clues of the Yangtze River no-catch network. On March 19, Yangxin County Market Supervision Bureau assigned law enforcement officers from Xiajie Market Supervision Office to the site for verification. It has been found that the parties listed the dishes of "wild fish mixed with peanuts" in the ordering column of the third online trading platform for external sales. After the investigation and inquiry of the parties concerned, it was found out that their "wild fish larvae" were not facts, but ordinary ones, and they were actually false advertisements for soliciting business.

According to the investigation, Huangshi Municipal Market Supervision Administration ordered the parties concerned to correct and stop publishing false advertisements, and imposed a fine of 10,000 yuan.

Twelve, Yangxin County, a supermarket operating unqualified aquatic products case.

On December 1, 2021, Yangxin County Market Supervision Bureau received the inspection report from XX Testing Technology Co., Ltd., which showed that the aquatic product loach sold in the supermarket was unqualified. Yangxin Market Supervision Bureau assigned law enforcement officers of Yanggang Market Supervision Office to verify. After investigation and verification, the supermarket admitted that the aquatic product loach it sold was unqualified after sampling inspection, and there was no objection.

According to the investigation, Huangshi Municipal Market Supervision Administration ordered the parties concerned to correct their illegal acts and imposed a fine of 4,000 yuan.

XIII. The case of a restaurant in Yangxin County operating a dish of "Roasted Wild Duck in Huxiang" with false advertisements.

On December 23, 2020, Yangxin County Market Supervision Bureau received a supervision letter from the Yangtze River Prohibition Office of the Provincial Market Supervision Bureau, prompting a restaurant in Yangxin County to operate illegally caught wild animals. Yangxin County Market Supervision Bureau quickly assigned law enforcement officers of Beimen Market Supervision Office to verify. It has been verified that the menu operated by the party’s restaurant is marked with the dish "Roasted Wild Duck in Huxiang" and sold to the outside world. After investigation and inquiry, the "wild duck" it sells is actually a sparrow-feather duck, which is just a false advertisement to attract customers.

According to the investigation, Huangshi Municipal Market Supervision Administration ordered the parties concerned to correct and stop publishing false advertisements, and imposed a fine of 5,000 yuan.

14. The case of Cai Moumou Hotel in Yangxin County operating "Jiang Catfish Stewed Tofu" dishes with false advertisements.

On February 1st, 2021, the Fuchi Market Supervision Office of Yangxin County Market Supervision Bureau conducted a special inspection on the Yangtze River, and found that products such as "stewed bean curd with catfish" and "stewed bean curd with catfish" were marked in the menu of the hotel management and sold to the outside world. It was found out that the parties engaged in "river catfish" and "river fishing" were actually ordinary fish, and they made false advertisements to attract business.

According to the investigation, Huangshi Municipal Market Supervision Administration ordered the parties concerned to correct and stop publishing false advertisements, and imposed a fine of 10,000 yuan.

Original title: "The maximum fine is 10,000 yuan! Huangshi announced a number of typical cases! 》

Read the original text

　　Perhaps it was because of his death at the age of 107 that many people were able to remember the name Bei Shizhang for the first time, and they began to deplore the fact that another master had quietly left us.

　　Early this morning, people wearing white flowers lined up in a long queue, waiting to see him for the last time to express their wishes: "Bei Lao, you go well!"

　　As the last academician of the Academia Sinica during the Republic of China and the oldest academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in our country’s mainland, Bei Shizhang was called the "Old Man of the Century", but the rich connotation of his life could not be simply summarized by these four words.

　　He was a pioneer of experimental biology in China, founding the Chinese discipline of biophysics, pioneering Chinese radiobiology and cosmology, and pioneering the "theory of cell reconstruction."

　　Even before his death, he was still discussing academic issues with others. Therefore, he had five doctorate certificates awarded by the University of Tübingen in Germany, and became a "diamond-level" doctor of the school. There was a "Bei Shizhang Xing" named after him in space, a "Bei Shizhang Award" in the Chinese biophysics community, and a "Bei Shizhang Class" at the University of Science and Technology of China…

　　

　　"He is a strategic scientist."

　　"Mr. Bei emphasizes the intersection of multiple disciplines in the development of the discipline; in the specific research work, he emphasizes advanced or in-depth and detailed advanced consciousness; in the design of the project, he emphasizes good ideas." Zheng Zhuying, a student of Bei Shizhang and the former director of the Visual Information Processing Research Office of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, summed up Bei Shizhang’s academic thinking. In today’s eyes, this is a spirit of courage to innovate.

　　The development of life sciences needs to be combined with physics, chemistry, engineering technology, etc., and promote each other in cross-integration. Lin Kechun, a professor at the Department of Biophysics of Peking University Medical School, said: "Today, this view has been accepted by the majority of scientists, but in the 1950s, it was a very hotly debated issue internationally. The opponents were both physicists and biologists, and only a few visionary scientists realized that not only can but must combine the two. And Bei Lao is such a visionary scientist."

　　林克椿说，其实他自己原来就是研究物理的。“1956年，我们访问贝老时，他竭力鼓励我们向生物物理方向发展。在他的鼓舞下，我逐渐走入了生物物理学这片新天地。”1981年林克椿发现螺旋状脂质体，并被英国《自然》杂志以封面文章登出，引起国际的高度重视。

　　实际上，早在上世纪40年代，贝时璋就意识到学科交叉融合的必要性。新中国成立后，他不断吸收数理化等不同学科的研究人员在其领导下工作。中科院生物物理所的汪云九回忆说，他在大学时原本是数学专业的，毕业后被分配到中科院生物物理所。他坦言，接到通知后如坠五里雾中，完全不知“生物物理学”为何物。“翻遍图书馆资料，查到一个词条：‘研究生命过程中的物理性质……用物理学研究生物……’仍不知所云。后来才知道是贝老有意把学习非生命科学的学子调来研究生命科学。”

　　1958年，在贝时璋的主持下，中科院生物物理研究所成立，成为当时世界上少数几个该学科的专业研究机构之一，这也标志着生物物理学作为一门独立的学科在中国正式设立。同年，贝时璋在中国科大创立生物物理系并任系主任。50余年间，贝时璋的学生中，已经有6人当选中科院院士。当年的超前意识，化为今天的硕果累累。用贝时璋的儿子贝德的话来说：“他是一位战略型科学家。”

　　跨越70年的研究

　　说起贝时璋，一定不能绕过他创立的“细胞重建”学说。尽管至今学界对这一理论还有争论，但它的研究过程，却折射出一代大师勇于向传统挑战、坚韧不拔的科研精神。

　　1982年，在《中国科学》杂志的第9—12期，先后登载了关于“细胞重建”研究的5篇论文。论文的作者，竟是当时已经80岁高龄的贝时璋。从最开始的发现算起到此时，已悄然过去半个世纪。

　　Back in 1932, Bei Shizhang, then the head of the Department of Biology at Zhejiang University, discovered a new phenomenon through observation and research on a crustacean named "Nanjing Fengnian", and thus proposed the idea of "cell reconstruction": In addition to cell division, there is another way for cell reproduction and proliferation – cell reconstruction; cell reconstruction is the process of cell self-organization and self-assembly, which is an objective phenomenon that exists in the life world and coexists with cell division.

　　No one had ever said that cells could be rebuilt without division, because "the only way for cells to divide into cells" had been held up as the gold standard in biology since 1871. When Bei Shizhang published his paper on the discovery, he was neither criticized nor responded to – the conventional wisdom seemed to have become easy.

　　Bei Shizhang was eager to further his research, but soon the Anti-Japanese War broke out, and Zhejiang University moved inward. The current situation was turbulent, and scientific research work was difficult to continue. According to his self-report in an article, after the Anti-Japanese War, "I returned to Hangzhou, and I had to teach classes and settle down. I was still busy. After liberation, I was even busier… Although I worked in a research unit, I still couldn’t find time to engage in research on the topic for the time being, and I had to temporarily give up the research on cell reconstruction that I was interested in and always worried about. Later, it was the’Cultural Revolution ‘, and I couldn’t settle down to engage in research."

　　"In the blink of an eye, more than 20 years have passed. But I have never forgotten the question I wanted to finally clarify. Although it was not possible to do it at the time, I firmly believe that one day I will do it."

　　He finally waited for that day. In 1970, under the impetus of various conditions, Bei Shizhang picked up the research on "cell reconstruction" in the Institute of Biophysics. He organized and personally participated in a large number of scientific experiments, which further proved the widespread existence of cell reconstruction in nature and revealed the existence of chromatin, DNA histone and other living substances in the warm yellow granules, which are one of the bases of cell reconstruction.

　　His discovery provided an important explanation for the origin of cells and the evolution of life, which attracted the attention of colleagues at home and abroad. In 1988 and 2003, the first and second collections of "Cell Reconstruction" were published one after another, and the theory of "cell reconstruction" was further developed.

　　Yu Xianzhang, a student of Bei Shizhang, said that Bei Lao had explained to him the significance of the theory of "cell reconstruction" to explain the origin of life. "He said that if living things must come from living things, how did the earliest life phenomena emerge? According to the theory of’cell reconstruction ‘, the important feature of life phenomena is the process of self-organization and self-assembly. In the right environment, self-organization and self-assembly processes, that is, the generation of life, are possible."

　　"He never retired."

　　"He has never retired, and he has never left his scientific research work in his life." When the reporter mentioned the word retirement during the interview, Wang Guyan, Bei Shizhang’s secretary, corrected.

　　After working in the Institute of Biophysics, Bei Shizhang walked to work every day, from his home to the laboratory, more than 2,000 steps. As soon as he walked, he reached the age of 92. After that, he switched to working from home.

　　"Indifferent, tranquil and far-reaching". Wu Zhengyi, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, once wrote these eight words to Bei Shizhang on his 100th birthday, and in the eyes of everyone, these eight words were used to describe Bei Shizhang, which was just right.

　　When Bei Shizhang returned from Germany at the age of 26, he was invited to Zhejiang University to establish a biology department. He started from scratch and gradually established a prestigious biology department under difficult living and working conditions. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War in 1937, the situation was very difficult, and Zhejiang University was forced to relocate four times.

　　Regarding this experience, Academician Yang Fuyu, a student of Bei Shizhang, recalled: "At that time, his family also had many difficulties. There were old and young, but Bei Lao was public first and then private. As a result, he moved four times, and the department lost little, while his personal things were lost a lot. During the 8 years of the Anti-Japanese War, under extremely difficult wartime conditions, the teaching and research of the Department of Biology not only did not stop, but also achieved many excellent results, which were on par with the mathematics, physics and chemistry departments that did the same excellent work at that time, so that the famous British scientist Joseph Needham called Zhejiang University the’Cambridge of the East ‘."

　　At the beginning of the founding of New China in 1949, there was nothing to be done, especially in the field of science and technology. At the invitation of Zhu Kezhen, Bei Shizhang went to Shanghai to build the Institute of Experimental Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and served as the director. Soon, he was transferred to Beijing and was responsible for a series of administrative tasks. He was very busy and basically had no time to conduct normal research in the laboratory.

　　“当时贝老刚在实验生物研究所安下心来，展开研究工作不久。面对国家要求，他顾全大局，勉力从公，无私奉献，为中科院生物学科的调整和发展及当时国家科技发展规划的制定都作出了重要贡献。”杨福愉说。

　　贝德则告诉记者：“爸爸曾反复说过：‘从我个人角度看，我还是喜欢做研究工作，而不大喜欢做学术组织工作。’而事实上，他也是这么做的。改革开放以后，上级又希望他出来担任领导工作，但被他坚决婉谢了，他终于回到了实验室，去做他一心想做的科研。”

　　贝时璋的家里简单破旧的令人难以想象，因为自从1955年他搬进这所房子之后，就再没有装修过。而在他女儿贝诚的印象中，“爸爸只专心工作，每天都下班很晚，妈妈为了支持他的事业，当年从上海迁来北京后就放弃了自己的教师工作，而我们是兄弟姐妹4个，家里开销很大，所以日子一直过的很紧张” 。

　　贝时璋活到百岁高龄，却一直没有得过什么大病，最后也是在睡梦中安详离世。很多人都好奇他的长寿之道，对此，中科院生物物理所党委书记杨星科说，贝老心态一直平和，不争任何利益。这或许是他长寿的秘诀之一。然而，更重要的可能是他从未停止思考，使他的生命活力远远超出了常人。在后来几年，尽管贝时璋不再去实验室，但一直保持了对科学前沿的关注。每周三都会请一些研究人员到家里来一起探讨学术问题。更令人惊叹的是，在为庆祝他97岁寿辰举行的学术研讨会上，他作了关于“纳米科学”的谈话。整个30分钟的讲话，没有讲稿，内容全凭自己对大量资料的分析综合得出。

　　贝时璋曾说：“一个真正的科学家，首先要热爱科学，不是为名为利，而是求知求真，为国家做贡献。”而他确以百年人生路，实实在在实践了自己的人生目标，告诉世人，真正的大师，应当是什么样子。

　　The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Decision on Deepening the Reform of Party and State Institutions, which was deliberated and adopted at the Third Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee, pointed out that to deepen the reform of Party and State institutions, it is necessary to strengthen the overall leadership of the Party. To study and implement the Decision, we must accurately grasp the red line of upholding and strengthening the Party’s overall leadership, deeply understand that upholding and strengthening the Party’s overall leadership is the core task and key to promote the reform of the Party and state institutions, implement the Party’s leadership over all work throughout the whole process of reform, and build a Party leadership system that takes the overall situation into consideration and coordinates all parties, so as to provide a strong institutional guarantee for the long-term governance of the Party and the long-term stability of the country.

　　First, adhering to the overall leadership of the party is an important principle that must be adhered to in deepening institutional reform.

　　The "Decision" profoundly summarizes the successful experience of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s political construction and clarifies four principles that must be followed in deepening the reform of the party and state institutions. The first one is "upholding the overall leadership of the party". Only by grasping and implementing this principle can we ensure the correct direction of the reform of the party and state institutions.

　　(1) the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership is the most essential feature and the greatest institutional advantage of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has profoundly summarized the theory and practice of China’s revolutionary construction and reform in the historical process of commanding great struggles, great projects, great undertakings and great dreams, and clearly put forward that the leadership of the party is the most essential feature of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and the greatest advantage of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system. This important conclusion has deepened the party’s leadership position and role from the inevitability of historical development and practical development to the inevitability of road development and system development, deepened the understanding of communist party’s ruling law, the law of socialist construction and the law of human social development, and deepened the understanding of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s essence. It is the most important understanding achievement and the most fundamental experience summary of our party and China people in upholding and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and it is road confidence, theoretical confidence and self-confidence. To uphold and improve the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system, the most crucial and core thing is to uphold and strengthen the Party’s overall leadership, better embody this most essential feature and give full play to this greatest advantage.

　　(2) Upholding the Party’s leadership over all work is an inevitable requirement for upholding and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. Party, government, military and civilian studies, east, west, north and south, the party is the leader of everything. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader put forward the basic strategy of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. The "first insistence" of the "14 Persistences" is to uphold the party’s leadership over all work. China is a socialist country under the people’s democratic dictatorship led by the working class and based on the workers’ and peasants’ alliance. Our party is the vanguard of the working class, the people of China and the Chinese nation, representing the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, and has no special interests of its own. Based on the nature of our country’s national system and party, it is proper to strengthen the overall leadership of the party. Our party has been in power for 69 years. After long-term practice, especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, we have clearly adhered to the party’s overall leadership and strictly managed the party in an all-round way, leading the Chinese nation to a great leap from standing up, becoming rich and becoming strong. This fully proves that the system and mechanism embodying the party’s overall leadership are effective and useful, and can best mobilize the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the broad masses of people. At present, China’s development is in a promising historical opportunity period. To seize the historical opportunity and realize the great dream, we must unswervingly uphold and strengthen the overall leadership of the party, constantly improve the institutional arrangements for upholding the overall leadership of the party, and vigorously promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. To sum up, adhere to the party’s leadership over all work,It is the demand of the people, the demand of practice and the demand of the times.

　　(3) Upholding and strengthening the overall leadership of the Party is the primary task and fundamental guarantee for deepening the reform of the Party and state institutions. The party’s overall leadership is concrete, not empty or abstract, and must be reflected in all aspects of governing the country, in the design, arrangement and operation of the institutions, systems and systems of state power, and in ensuring and realizing the political, ideological and organizational implementation of the party’s leadership. The "Decision" focuses on further institutionalizing the position and role of the Party as the highest political leading force, and regards upholding and strengthening the overall leadership of the Party as the primary task of this institutional reform. To deepen the reform of the party and state institutions, promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, and promote the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system to be more mature and more stereotyped, we must move in the direction of upholding and strengthening the party’s overall leadership, and strive to implement the party’s overall leadership in place. The reform of the party and state institutions is a political system reform that has a bearing on the overall situation and should be understood and grasped politically. To ensure the correct direction of reform and the smooth progress of various tasks, we must give full play to the core role of the party in overall planning and coordinating all parties, and earnestly put the political theme of upholding and strengthening the party’s overall leadership throughout the whole process of reform.

　　(4) To uphold the overall leadership of the Party, the most fundamental thing is to uphold the authority of the CPC Central Committee and centralized and unified leadership. Centralized and unified leadership by the Party Central Committee is the highest principle of the Party’s leadership and the most fundamental political rule. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly pointed out that it is the primary task of the party’s political construction to ensure that the whole party obeys the Central Committee and uphold the authority of the Party Central Committee and centralize and unify leadership. In the big chess game of the national governance system, the CPC Central Committee is the "handsome" in the military account. To build and improve the Party’s leadership system and national governance system, we must adhere to the authority and centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee as the fundamental point, further establish and improve the institutional mechanism for strengthening centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee, ensure the unity and unity of the whole Party and the unity of actions, and ensure the rapid and effective implementation of the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee. To deepen the reform of the Party and state institutions, the task is arduous and far-reaching, which affects the whole body. We must firmly establish political consciousness, overall situation consciousness, core consciousness and conformity consciousness, resolutely safeguard the core position of the Supreme Leader General Secretary in the CPC Central Committee and the whole party, resolutely safeguard the authority and centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee, consciously maintain a high degree of ideological and political unity with the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader Comrade as the core, and carry out all the established tasks firmly and forcefully in accordance with the unified arrangements of the CPC Central Committee.

　　Second, improve the institutional arrangements for adhering to the party’s overall leadership

　　Focusing on ensuring the full coverage of the party’s leadership and ensuring that the party’s leadership is stronger and stronger, the "Decision" puts forward that strengthening the party’s leadership in all fields and aspects of work is the primary task of deepening the reform of the party and state institutions, and makes comprehensive arrangements and strategic arrangements for optimizing the party’s organizational structure and improving the system of adhering to the party’s overall leadership.

　　(1) establish and improve the party’s leadership system and mechanism for major work. The party’s leadership system and mechanism for major work plays a leading role in the overall leadership system arrangement of the party. Things are in all directions, and they should be in the center. To strengthen the party’s overall leadership, we must first strengthen the party’s centralized and unified leadership over major work involving the overall situation. The establishment of decision-making and deliberation coordination institutions by the CPC Central Committee is an effective system design to strengthen the party’s leadership over major work. As early as 1958, the CPC Central Committee established leading groups in finance, politics, law, foreign affairs, science, culture and education. Comrade Mao Zedong pointed out that these groups belong to the CPC Central Committee and the major policies are in the Politburo. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has further strengthened its centralized and unified leadership over major work involving the overall situation, and successively established the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reform, the Central National Security Council, the Central Leading Group for Cybersecurity and Informatization, and the Central Military Commission for Deepening the Reform of National Defense and the Army. These decision-making and deliberation coordination bodies of the CPC Central Committee have played a very important and key role in promoting the historic achievements and changes in the cause of the party and the state. The "Decision" puts forward the principle requirements for establishing and improving the party’s leadership system and mechanism for major work, clarifies the decision-making and deliberation coordination body of the CPC Central Committee, carries out work under the leadership of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee and its Standing Committee, and bears the important responsibility of top-level design, overall layout, overall coordination and overall promotion of major work. The "Decision" also affects other deliberative and coordinating bodies, party committees (party groups) of various regions and departments.Improve relevant institutional mechanisms and put forward clear requirements. These institutional arrangements and principle requirements fully reflect our party’s accurate grasp of China’s national conditions and deepening understanding of the operating rules of state power, which is conducive to maintaining the authority of the CPC Central Committee and centralized and unified leadership from the system, and is conducive to ensuring the smooth implementation of the Party Central Committee’s decrees and efficient work.

　　(2) Strengthen the leading position of Party organizations in organizations at the same level. Straightening out the relationship between the Party’s organizations and other organizations and strengthening the leading position of the Party’s organizations in organizations at the same level is an important guarantee to achieve full coverage of the Party’s leadership. In the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that in China’s political life, the Party is in a leading position. Strengthening the centralized and unified leadership of the Party and supporting the NPC, the government, the CPPCC, the courts and procuratorates to perform their functions, carry out their work and play their roles in accordance with the constitution are unified. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, it has become an important institutional arrangement for The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) to regularly listen to the work reports of the leading groups of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), the State Council, Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, the Supreme People’s Court and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate and the work reports of the Central Secretariat, which has a very important demonstration significance for the whole party. The "Decision" clearly states that party committees (leading groups) established in state organs, institutions, mass organizations, social organizations, enterprises and other organizations accept the unified leadership of the party committees that approved their establishment and report their work regularly. At the same time, it proposes to speed up the establishment and improvement of party organizations in new economic organizations and social organizations. These regulations are conducive to highlighting our Party’s strong leadership core position in the cause of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, enhancing the seriousness and standardization of political life within the Party, and effectively embodying the Party’s role of commanding the overall situation and coordinating all parties in various organizations at all levels.

　　(3) Give full play to the role of the Party’s functional departments. The Regulations on Working Organs of the Communist Party of China (CPC) (for Trial Implementation) stipulates that the working organs of the Party are the political organs for the Party to implement political, ideological and organizational leadership, and the executive organs for implementing the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and local party committees at all levels, implementing party leadership, strengthening party building, and advancing the party’s cause; The functional department of the Party Committee is the competent department responsible for a certain aspect of the Party Committee’s work, exercising relatively independent management functions in accordance with regulations, formulating relevant policies and regulations and organizing their implementation, and coordinating and guiding the work in this system and this field. To deepen the reform of the party and state institutions, an important task is to give full play to the role of the party’s functional departments, better promote the implementation of the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, and realize the party’s comprehensive leadership in politics, ideology and organization. The "Decision" proposes to optimize the allocation of responsibilities of Party organizations, propaganda, United front, politics and law, party building, education and training, and further clarify and strengthen the functions of these departments in centralized coordination and overall planning. At the same time, it puts forward the principle requirements for the reform of party committees’ offices, party agencies and institutions directly under the party committees, emphasizing that party committees (party groups) at all levels should strengthen their ability to implement and strengthen their coordination and supervision functions. These regulations and requirements have adapted to the development trend of expanding the Party’s cause in breadth and depth, and are conducive to transforming the Party’s theory, line, principles and policies into concrete measures and practical results.

　　(4) Make overall plans to set up party and government organizations. Party and government organizations are an important support for our party to govern the country and an important force to promote the cause of the party and the state. Since the reform and opening up, we have continuously promoted institutional reform, abolished and merged a number of departments and institutions, optimized and transformed government functions, reduced administrative costs, improved work efficiency, and effectively promoted and guaranteed the sustained and healthy development of China’s economy and society. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that the establishment of various institutions should be considered as a whole, the power of the party and government departments and internal institutions should be scientifically allocated, and the responsibilities should be clearly defined. To implement the strategic plan of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, in accordance with the requirements of adhering to the centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee, and in view of the outstanding problems existing in the actual operation of party and government institutions, the Decision clearly stipulates that it is necessary to improve the layout of party and government institutions, straighten out the responsibilities of party and government institutions, form a unified and efficient leadership system, ensure the centralized and unified leadership of the Party, and ensure the coordinated and efficient operation of other institutions, and propose that relevant party institutions can work with other departments with similar functions and close ties. Considering and setting up the party and government institutions as a whole, building a new pattern of party and government institutions that meets the development requirements of the new era, grasping the key points that affect the operational efficiency of party and government institutions at present, embodying the requirements of optimizing and coordinating the functions of institutions, and breaking the barriers of departmentalization and localization, which is conducive to strengthening the party’s leadership, enhancing the government’s execution, and giving play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation and giving better play to the government’s role.Is conducive to highlighting the superiority of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system.

　　Third, strengthen the party’s ability and determination to take the direction, seek the overall situation, formulate policies and promote reform.

　　To deepen the reform of the party and state institutions, we should not only improve the institutional arrangements to ensure the party’s overall leadership, but also focus on improving the party’s leadership style and ruling style, and earnestly enhance the party’s ability and determination to take the direction, seek the overall situation, formulate policies and promote reform.

　　Enhance the ability and determination of the direction. Direction is the flag, the road, and the common goal we are striving for. The first priority of the party’s leadership is to raise the flag and orient. On the way forward, we must hold high the great banner of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, adhere to the guidance of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, Do not forget your initiative mind, keep in mind the mission, strive forever, promote social revolution and self-revolution with a high degree of consciousness, consistently uphold and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics, consistently promote the new great project of party building, and consistently enhance the sense of hardship and guard against risk challenges. It is necessary to strengthen the "four consciousnesses" in the design and operation of institutional mechanisms, ensure the maintenance of the authority of the CPC Central Committee and centralized and unified leadership with more perfect institutional arrangements, safeguard the core position of the Supreme Leader General Secretary in the CPC Central Committee and the whole party, and ensure the smooth implementation of government decrees and prohibitions. It is necessary to strengthen political determination, adhere to political principles and the bottom line, and never make subversive mistakes on fundamental issues. It is necessary to enhance acumen, improve synergy, effectively find and deal with emerging problems in reform and development, and take precautions before they happen.

　　Enhance the ability and determination to seek the overall situation. The historical position we are in is a new era in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and the undertaking we are undertaking is an unprecedented great undertaking. No matter how to understand and analyze problems and plan and promote work, we should think and act under the overall situation to prevent situations that are not conducive to the overall situation and the long term. We should focus on winning the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way, building a socialist modern country in an all-round way, and then realizing the Chinese nation’s great rejuvenation of the Chinese dream. We should focus on the grand practice of taking charge of great struggles, great projects, great undertakings and great dreams, focus on promoting the overall layout of the "five in one" and the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, focus on coordinating the two overall situations at home and abroad, grasp it as a whole, plan strategically, focus on it in the long run, and make efforts according to the situation.

　　Enhance the ability and determination to make policies. Policy is the touchstone to reflect the nature and purpose of the ruling party and a sign to reflect the level of governing the country. In promoting economic and social development, we must persist in taking the people as the center, focus on safeguarding the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, focus on solving the contradiction between the people’s growing need for a better life and the unbalanced development, grasp the most urgent and anxious problems of the people, grasp the most direct and realistic interests of the people, formulate practical and effective policies and measures, and continuously enhance the people’s sense of happiness and security. We must persist in seeking truth from facts, proceed from reality, from the masses to the masses, carry out extensive and in-depth investigations and studies, and analyze specific problems, so as to make policies, measures and programs conform to the reality, reflect objective laws, solve practical problems, resolutely oppose formalism and bureaucracy, and achieve targeted, dialectical and precise efforts.

　　Enhance the ability and determination to promote reform. Reform and opening up is the most distinctive banner of our party and a key measure to determine the fate of contemporary China. After 40 years of great revolution of reform and opening-up, the reform has entered the deep water area, so we must work hard, be firm, dare to bite hard bones and venture into dangerous beaches. We must vigorously carry forward the spirit of reform, innovation and self-revolution, promote ideological emancipation and reform, and achieve new breakthroughs in comprehensively deepening reform. It is necessary to focus on promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, adapt to the basic characteristics that China’s economy has shifted from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage, scientifically determine the reform and development ideas, formulate reform and development measures, dare to take responsibility, do good deeds, and break new ground in practice. It is necessary to encourage grassroots innovation, advocate daring to try and be the first, strengthen in-depth excavation, scientific summary, publicity and promotion of successful experiences in reform, promote the formation of a stronger and more dynamic atmosphere for innovation and creation, and unite a powerful force for unswervingly promoting reform and opening up.