Big data promotes China’s economic and social innovation and development
— — Some Experiences of Studying the "Thirteenth Five-Year National Informatization Plan"
Internet Institute of CCID Research Institute Lu Feng
Recently, the State Council issued the "Thirteenth Five-Year National Informatization Plan", clearly proposing to establish a unified and open big data system, strengthen the planning and construction of data resources, build a unified, efficient, interconnected, safe and reliable national data resource system, promote data application, strengthen data resource management and pay attention to data security protection.
Data, like energy resources such as coal and oil, is a national basic and strategic resource. In the past two years, the ecosystem of China’s big data industry has been continuously improved, and the application and innovation of management services have emerged one after another. New services, new models and new formats have emerged, which has provided an important guarantee for promoting industrial transformation and upgrading, innovating social governance models and optimizing people’s livelihood security services, and has become an important driving force for China’s economic and social innovation and development. Accelerating the innovative application of big data in economic and social fields and promoting industrial innovation, management innovation, service innovation and governance innovation have become an important starting point for implementing the five development concepts of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing, and an important way to promote the economic and social innovation and development of China.
First, big data has promoted the innovation of industrial development model, promoted industrial transformation and upgrading, and improved quality and efficiency.
First, big data promotes the innovation of traditional industrial organization and operation mode, and makes the R&D, design, manufacturing, logistics and transportation and after-sales service of traditional industries more accurate, efficient and intelligent. The R&D design mode based on customer demand feedback big data effectively solves the problem of R&D design behind closed doors and makes enterprise R&D design more targeted and oriented. Logistics big data effectively solves the problem of information asymmetry in logistics and transportation, makes logistics resource scheduling more optimized and intelligent, and makes logistics resources such as logistics warehousing, vehicles and personnel more matched and efficient. Manufacturing big data solves the problem of the flow of production data workshops, makes the production flow line of enterprises more flexible, and effectively supports new manufacturing formats such as personalized customization, experiential manufacturing and network manufacturing. Long-distance operation and maintenance, online monitoring and other big data effectively solve the after-sales management and maintenance problems of large-scale mechanical equipment, strengthen the whole life cycle management of products, realize intelligent early warning of product failures, promote the optimal allocation of maintenance resources, and significantly shorten the maintenance cycle.
Second, big data has promoted the incubation of new information services, and information services in big data analysis and mining industries in various fields have risen rapidly. The rise of big data information services in the fields of marketing, credit reporting and internet finance has made the industrial economy develop more efficiently and healthily. The development of marketing big data information services has guided the business planning of enterprises, optimized the allocation of commercial resources, improved the efficiency of commercial marketing and achieved precise marketing. The development of credit big data information service has effectively solved the problem of asymmetric credit information between the two parties to the transaction, improved the reliability guarantee of the transaction, and made the development of business activities more trustworthy and healthy. The development of big data information services in Internet finance has reduced the operating cost of Internet finance, lowered the development threshold of inclusive finance, effectively solved the short-term funding gap of SMEs, and effectively supplemented traditional financial services.
Third, big data forces information and communication technology to accelerate innovation, which provides a rare historical opportunity for China’s information and communication industry to catch up and become stronger. Big data technology has forced the traditional stand-alone data storage and computing analysis mode to develop in the direction of network distributed storage and collaborative computing mode, put forward new requirements for host storage, network transmission and computing control, forced the upgrading of storage, transmission and computing technologies, and provided historical opportunities for Chinese enterprises to take advantage of the development opportunity of the Internet industry to promote the self-control of storage, transmission and computing technologies.
Second, big data has promoted the innovation of social governance model and accelerated the modernization of national governance capacity and governance system.
First, big data has improved the government’s social management ability, and the social management model based on big data has made social management more active, accurate and efficient. The collection, mining and utilization of municipal management big data such as urban pipe network, landscaping, city appearance, etc. have strengthened the real-time monitoring and intelligent management of urban basic operating components, optimized the allocation of municipal management resources, and promoted the green, clean, efficient and safe operation of the city. The collection, mining and utilization of traffic big data such as roads, railways, subways, water transport, aviation, etc. have effectively guided road traffic planning, promoted the optimization of transportation resource allocation, realized the real-time traffic diversion ability, improved the ability to predict traffic accidents, and better met the public’s needs for safe and efficient travel. The collection, mining and utilization of big emergency data such as floods, fires and typhoons have improved the ability to predict disasters, optimized the allocation and scheduling of disaster relief resources, strengthened the scientific evaluation of disaster development trends and promoted the reduction of disaster losses. The collection, mining and utilization of big data in urban planning make the layout of urban residential and industrial planning more scientific and reasonable, realize the rational tidal flow of population in the morning and evening, reduce urban traffic congestion, and promote the integration of urban livable and production cities.
Second, big data has improved the government’s macro-control ability and made macro-control more accurate and scientific. The collection, mining and utilization of financial big data, such as electronic payment, mobile payment and internet finance, have realized the precise control of financial operation by the state, and improved the comprehensive analysis ability of financial operation and the decision-making ability of financial regulation. The collection, mining and utilization of e-commerce big data have realized the effective control of the state on the operation state of social business activities, promoted the precision of supply and demand regulation, and provided a scientific basis for promoting supply-side reform, promoting industrial structure adjustment and optimizing industrial layout. The collection, mining and utilization of energy big data such as coal, electricity, oil, etc. have realized the effective evaluation of the economic activity of the whole society by the state, and provided scientific basis for promoting energy conservation and emission reduction, strengthening environmental governance and optimizing industrial policies.
Third, big data has improved the government’s market supervision ability, strengthened online and offline integrated supervision, and realized the organic combination of in-process supervision and pre-prevention. The collection, mining and utilization of big data of safety production in coal mines, non-coal mines, fireworks and firecrackers, petrochemical smelting, hazardous chemicals and other enterprises have improved the online supervision level of safety production in key hazard enterprises, realized the scientific prediction of the risks of key hazard sources, effectively prevented potential accidents and serious accidents, and reduced the probability of safety production accidents. The collection, mining and utilization of big data, such as food and medicine, has strengthened the supervision of product life cycle, improved the traceability of products and ensured the safety of products involving people’s livelihood. The collection, mining and utilization of financial big data such as banks, securities, foreign exchange management, etc. have strengthened the supervision of illegal financial activities such as money laundering, fraud, illegal fund-raising and insider operation, effectively prevented the occurrence of financial systemic risks and ensured the stability of financial operation. The collection, mining and utilization of credit big data in the fields of finance, tax payment, environmental protection, administrative punishment and criminal punishment have promoted the construction of "a national network" of credit information, gradually improved the integrity files of market subjects, the blacklist system of industries and the market exit mechanism, strengthened the joint incentive and punishment mechanism, and realized that "the trustworthy people have a green light all the way, and the untrustworthy people are limited everywhere". At the same time, the application of big data has improved the government’s market supervision mechanism, realized the trace of power operation everywhere, and put law enforcement power into the "data cage".
Fourth, big data has improved the government’s cyberspace governance capacity, and online social governance is more efficient and scientific. The collection, mining and utilization of online public opinion big data have improved the ability to immediately discover the focus of attention in the online society, strengthened the research on the potential burning point of the physical society, forced the solution of important social problems, and provided effective decision-making data support and won valuable time window for solving social problems. The collection, mining and utilization of network security big data have strengthened the overall perception of the network security situation, improved the ability to detect network hacker attacks, improved the network security guarantee system, and improved the ability to control cyberspace.
Third, big data has promoted the innovation of people’s livelihood service model and improved the level of people’s livelihood security, convenience, benefit and benefit.
First, big data has promoted the optimal allocation of people’s livelihood service resources, and the people-oriented development concept has been more fully implemented. The collection, mining and utilization of mass travel big data have promoted the allocation of public transportation resources, improved the real-time guidance of road traffic, and made the mass travel roads smoother and the transfer more connected. The collection, mining and utilization of service big data such as electricity, water, heat, gas and communication promote the optimal scheduling and allocation of service resources and make services more balanced and coordinated. The collection, mining and utilization of big data such as floating population, elderly population, preschool children and resident population have improved the services of floating population such as family planning, children’s enrollment and medical security, and promoted the optimal allocation of resources such as medical care, preschool education and living services.
Second, big data has improved the level of public health care and built a new guardian ring for human life. The collection, mining and utilization of medical and health big data, such as electronic medical records, residents’ health records and wearable smart health equipment data, improve the intelligent level of clinical decision-making in medical institutions and the precision level of remote patient monitoring, improve the efficiency of public health and public health monitoring in health departments, shorten the research and development cycle of medical drugs in scientific research institutions, and provide effective decision-making basis for the whole society to prevent and control large-scale epidemics, optimize the allocation of medical resources and improve people’s health protection.
Big data is profoundly affecting and changing the development of the world, and its impact on industrial development, social governance and people’s livelihood services has just begun, and its application prospects are very broad. Firmly grasping the historical opportunity of the scientific and technological revolution, taking the lead in seizing the opportunity of big data development, vigorously developing the data industry, promoting the in-depth application of big data in various fields of economy and society, improving the relevant systems of big data collection and mining, storage and transmission, circulation and trading, and security, and fully releasing the dividend of data resources will surely inject new development momentum into China’s economic and social innovation and development, and push China’s economic and social development to a new development level and open a new development direction.
