(Adopted at the 10th meeting of the 9th the NPC Standing Committee on June 28th, 1999, and amended at the 24th meeting of the 13th the NPC Standing Committee on December 26th, 2020 according to the Decision on Amending the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency of the 29th meeting of the 11th the NPC Standing Committee on October 26th, 2012).

catalogue

Chapter I General Provisions

Chapter II Education on Crime Prevention

Chapter III Intervention on Bad Behavior

Chapter IV Correction of Serious Bad Behavior

Chapter v prevention of recidivism

Chapter VI Legal Liability

Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions

Chapter I General Provisions

the first　This Law is formulated in order to protect the physical and mental health of minors, cultivate their good conduct and effectively prevent minors from committing crimes.

the second　The prevention of juvenile delinquency is based on the combination of education and protection of minors, insisting on prevention first and early intervention, and timely grading prevention, intervention and correction of juvenile bad behavior and serious bad behavior.

Article　To prevent juvenile delinquency, we should respect the personal dignity of minors and protect their legitimate rights and interests such as reputation, privacy and personal information.

Article 4　To prevent juvenile delinquency, comprehensive management shall be implemented under the organization of people’s governments at all levels.

State organs, people’s organizations, social organizations, enterprises and institutions, residents’ committees, villagers’ committees, schools, families, etc. all have their own responsibilities and cooperate with each other to jointly do a good job in preventing juvenile delinquency, eliminate all kinds of negative factors that breed juvenile delinquency in time, and create a good social environment for the healthy development of minors’ body and mind.

Article 5　The people’s governments at all levels are responsible for the prevention of juvenile delinquency:

(a) to formulate the work plan for the prevention of juvenile delinquency;

(2) Organizing relevant departments such as public security, education, civil affairs, culture and tourism, market supervision and management, online information, health, press and publication, film, radio and television, judicial administration and so on to carry out the work of preventing juvenile delinquency;

(three) to provide policy support and financial guarantee for the prevention of juvenile delinquency;

(4) To inspect the implementation of this Law and the implementation of the work plan;

(five) to organize publicity and education on the prevention of juvenile delinquency;

(six) other duties to prevent juvenile delinquency.

Article 6　The state strengthens the construction of special schools and provides special education for minors who have serious bad behaviors. Special education is an integral part of the national education system and an important protective measure for educating and correcting minors with serious bad behavior.

The people’s governments at the provincial level shall incorporate the development of special education and the construction of special schools into the economic and social development plan. Local people’s governments at or above the county level shall set up special education steering committees and set up special schools reasonably according to needs.

The special education steering committee is composed of education, civil affairs, finance, human resources and social security, public security, judicial administration, people’s procuratorates, people’s courts, Communist Youth League, women’s federations, committees for caring for the next generation, special schools, lawyers, social workers and other personnel, and studies and determines the teaching and management of special schools.

Specific measures for the construction of special schools and special education shall be formulated by the State Council.

Article 7　Public security organs, people’s procuratorates, people’s courts and judicial administrative departments shall be responsible for the prevention of juvenile delinquency by specialized agencies or specialized personnel who have received professional training and are familiar with the physical and mental characteristics of minors.

Article 8　The Communist Youth League, women’s federations, trade unions, disabled persons’ federations, committees for caring for the next generation, youth federations, student federations, young pioneers and relevant social organizations shall assist people’s governments at all levels and their relevant departments, people’s procuratorates and people’s courts in the prevention of juvenile delinquency, cultivate social forces and provide support services for the prevention of juvenile delinquency.

Article 9　The state encourages, supports and guides social organizations such as social work service agencies to participate in the prevention of juvenile delinquency and strengthen supervision.

Article 10　No organization or individual may instigate, coerce or induce minors to commit bad behaviors or serious bad behaviors, and provide conditions for minors to commit the above behaviors.

Article 11　Minors should abide by laws and regulations and social public ethics, establish self-esteem, self-discipline and self-improvement, enhance their ability to distinguish right from wrong and protect themselves, and consciously resist the temptation and infringement of various bad behaviors and illegal and criminal acts.

Article 12　To prevent juvenile delinquency, we should combine the physiological and psychological characteristics of minors at different ages, and strengthen the study of adolescent education, psychological care, psychological correction and crime prevention countermeasures.

Article 13　The state encourages and supports the discipline construction, specialty setting, personnel training and scientific research related to the prevention of juvenile delinquency, and conducts international exchanges and cooperation.

Article 14　The state shall commend and reward organizations and individuals that have made remarkable achievements in the prevention of juvenile delinquency.

Chapter II Education on Crime Prevention

Article 15　The state, society, schools and families should strengthen the education of socialist core values for minors, carry out crime prevention education, enhance the concept of the rule of law for minors, enable minors to establish awareness of obeying the law and preventing illegal crimes, and improve their self-control ability.

Article 16　Parents or other guardians of minors are directly responsible for juvenile crime prevention education, and should perform their guardianship duties according to law, establish a good family style and cultivate good conduct of minors; If a minor is found to be mentally or behaviorally abnormal, he shall know the situation in time, educate, guide and advise him, and shall not refuse or delay in performing his guardianship duties.

Article 17　Education administrative departments and schools should incorporate crime prevention education into the school teaching plan, and guide the teaching staff to take various ways to provide targeted crime prevention education for minor students in combination with the characteristics of minors.

Article 18　Schools shall employ full-time or part-time teachers engaged in the education of the rule of law, and may employ vice presidents of the rule of law and off-campus counselors of the rule of law from judicial and law enforcement organs, legal education and legal service institutions.

Article 19　Schools should be equipped with full-time or part-time mental health education teachers to carry out mental health education. Schools can cooperate with professional mental health institutions according to the actual situation, and establish a mental health screening and early intervention mechanism to prevent and solve students’ psychological and behavioral abnormalities.

Schools should strengthen communication with parents or other guardians of minor students and jointly do a good job in mental health education for minor students; If it is found that minor students may suffer from mental disorders, they shall immediately inform their parents or other guardians to send them to relevant professional institutions for treatment.

Article 20　The administrative department of education shall, jointly with the relevant departments, establish a system for preventing and controlling student bullying. Schools should strengthen daily safety management, improve the workflow of student bullying discovery and disposal, strictly investigate and eliminate all kinds of hidden dangers that may lead to student bullying in time.

Article 21　The administrative department of education encourages and supports schools to hire social workers to stay in schools for a long time or on a regular basis, to assist in moral education, rule of law education, life education and mental health education, and to participate in preventing and dealing with bullying by students.

Article 22　Educational administrative departments and schools shall introduce scientific and reasonable educational methods by holding lectures, seminars, training and other activities, and guide the teaching staff, parents or other guardians of minor students to effectively prevent juvenile delinquency.

The school shall inform the parents or other guardians of minor students of the crime prevention education plan. Parents or other guardians of minor students should cooperate with schools to provide targeted crime prevention education for minor students.

Article 23　The administrative department of education shall incorporate the work effect of crime prevention education into the annual assessment of the school.

Article 24　People’s governments at all levels and their relevant departments, people’s procuratorates, people’s courts, Communist Youth League, Young Pioneers, Women’s Federation, Disabled Persons’ Federation, Committee for the Care of the Next Generation, etc. shall organize and hold various forms of publicity and education activities for the prevention of juvenile delinquency in light of the actual situation. Where conditions permit, it is possible to establish a youth legal education base and carry out legal education for minors.

Article 25　Residents’ committees and villagers’ committees shall actively carry out targeted publicity activities to prevent juvenile delinquency, assist public security organs in maintaining public order around schools, keep abreast of the guardianship, schooling and employment of minors within their respective jurisdictions, and organize and guide community social organizations to participate in the prevention of juvenile delinquency.

Article 26　Youth Palace, children’s activity center and other off-campus activity places should take crime prevention education as an important work content and carry out various forms of publicity and education activities.

Article 27　Vocational training institutions and employers should incorporate crime prevention education into the training content when providing vocational training for minors who have reached the age of 16 and are ready for employment.

Chapter III Intervention on Bad Behavior

Article 28　Bad behavior as mentioned in this Law refers to the following behaviors committed by minors that are not conducive to their healthy growth:

(1) Smoking and drinking;

(2) playing truant for many times;

(3) staying out at night and running away from home for no reason;

(4) Addicted to the Internet;

(five) associate with people with bad habits in society, organize or join gangs that commit bad behaviors;

(6) Entering places where minors are not allowed to enter according to laws and regulations;

(seven) to participate in gambling, gambling in disguise, or to participate in feudal superstitions, cults and other activities;

(eight) reading, watching or listening to books, audio-visual products or network information that promote obscenity, pornography, violence, terror and extremism;

(nine) other bad behaviors that are not conducive to the healthy growth of minors.

Article 29　If parents or other guardians of minors find that minors have bad behavior, they should stop and strengthen discipline in time.

Article 30　If the public security organs, residents’ committees and villagers’ committees find that minors within their jurisdiction have bad behaviors, they should stop them in time and urge their parents or other guardians to perform their guardianship duties according to law.

Article 31　Schools should strengthen management education for underage students with bad behavior and must not discriminate; For those who refuse to correct or if the circumstances are serious, the school may punish them according to the situation or take the following management and education measures:

(a) to be disciplined;

(2) Require compliance with specific codes of conduct;

(3) Requiring to participate in specific thematic education;

(four) to participate in the service activities in the school;

(five) to accept the psychological counseling and behavioral intervention of social workers or other professionals;

(six) other appropriate management education measures.

Article 32　Schools and families should strengthen communication and establish a home-school cooperation mechanism. If the school decides to take management and education measures for underage students, it shall promptly inform their parents or other guardians; Parents or other guardians of minor students shall support and cooperate with the school in management education.

Article 33　Minor students who steal a small amount of property, or who are bullied by students, such as beating, abusing, threatening or forcibly demanding property, can take corresponding management and education measures by the school in accordance with the provisions of Article 31 of this Law.

Article 34　If a minor student is absent from school or truant, the school shall contact his parents or other guardians in time to learn about the situation; Without justifiable reasons, parents or other guardians of schools and minor students should urge them to return to school.

Article 35　If a minor stays out at night or runs away from home without any reason, his parents or other guardians and the boarding school where he is located shall find out in time and report to the public security organ when necessary.

Those who take in minors who stay out at night and run away from home shall contact their parents or other guardians and their schools in time; Unable to get in touch, it shall promptly report to the public security organ.

Article 36　For minors who stay out at night, run away from home or live on the streets, public security organs, public places management agencies, etc. shall take effective protective measures in time after finding or receiving reports, and notify their parents or other guardians, boarding schools where they are located, and escort them back to their homes and schools when necessary; If it is impossible to get in touch with their parents or other guardians or schools, they shall escort minors to the rescue and protection institutions to receive assistance.

Article 37　Parents or other guardians of minors and schools shall promptly stop minors from organizing or participating in gangs that commit bad behaviors; If the gang is found to be suspected of violating the law and crime, it shall immediately report to the public security organ.

Chapter IV Correction of Serious Bad Behavior

Article 38　The term "serious bad behavior" as mentioned in this Law refers to the behavior of minors who are not subject to criminal punishment because they are under the legal age of criminal responsibility, and the following behaviors that seriously endanger society:

(a) gang fights, chasing and intercepting others, extorting or arbitrarily damaging or occupying public or private property and other acts of provocation;

(2) Illegally carrying guns, ammunition, crossbows, daggers and other control devices prescribed by the state;

(3) Beating, abusing, threatening, or intentionally hurting others;

(four) theft, looting, looting or intentional destruction of public or private property;

(five) the dissemination of obscene reading materials, audio-visual products or information;

(six) prostitution, whoring, or obscene performances;

(seven) taking or injecting drugs, or providing drugs to others;

(eight) to participate in gambling;

(nine) other acts that seriously endanger society.

Article 39　Parents or other guardians of minors, schools, residents’ committees and villagers’ committees shall immediately report to the public security organs if they find that someone instigates, coerces or induces minors to commit serious bad behaviors. If the public security organ receives a report or finds the above situation, it shall promptly investigate and deal with it according to law; Minors whose personal safety is threatened shall take effective protective measures immediately.

Article 40　If a public security organ receives a report or finds that a minor has serious bad behavior, it shall stop it in time, investigate and deal with it according to law, and may order his parents or other guardians to eliminate or mitigate the illegal consequences and take measures to strictly discipline him.

Article 41　For minors with serious bad behavior, the public security organ may take the following corrective and educational measures according to the specific circumstances:

(a) to be admonished;

(two) ordered to apologize and compensate for the losses;

(3) Ordering to make a statement of repentance;

(4) Ordering regular reports on activities;

(5) To be ordered to abide by specific codes of conduct, and not to engage in specific behaviors, contact with specific personnel or enter specific places;

(six) ordered to accept psychological counseling and behavior correction;

(seven) ordered to participate in social service activities;

(eight) ordered to accept social care, education, supervision and control of minors by social organizations and relevant institutions in appropriate places;

(nine) other appropriate corrective and educational measures.

Article 42　The public security organs may invite social organizations such as schools, residents’ committees, villagers’ committees and social work service agencies to participate in the correction and education of minors.

Parents or other guardians of minors shall actively cooperate with the implementation of corrective and educational measures, and shall not obstruct or let it go.

Article 43　Minors with serious bad behavior, parents or other guardians of minors, and schools where they work are unable to discipline or the discipline is ineffective, can apply to the administrative department of education, and the administrative department of education will decide to send them to special schools to receive special education after evaluation and consent by the special education steering committee.

Article 44　Minors in any of the following circumstances, with the consent of the special education steering committee, the administrative department of education in conjunction with the public security organs may decide to send them to special schools for special education:

(a) the implementation of serious harm to society, if the circumstances are bad or cause serious consequences;

(2) repeatedly committing acts that seriously endanger society;

(3) refusing to accept or cooperate with the corrective and educational measures stipulated in Article 41 of this Law;

(4) Other circumstances stipulated by laws and administrative regulations.

Article 45　Minors who commit acts stipulated in the Criminal Law and are not subject to criminal punishment because they are under the legal age of criminal responsibility may, with the assessment and consent of the Special Education Steering Committee, be decided by the education administrative department in conjunction with the public security organs to conduct special corrective education.

The people’s government at the provincial level shall, in light of the local actual situation, at least determine that a special school shall set up a special place in accordance with the methods of sub-campus and sub-class, and provide special correction education for minors specified in the preceding paragraph.

Closed-loop management is implemented in the special places specified in the preceding paragraph. The public security organs and judicial administrative departments are responsible for the correction of minors, and the education administrative departments undertake the education of minors.

Article 46　Specialized schools shall, in due course every semester, request the Steering Committee of Special Education to evaluate the situation of underage students receiving special education. For those who are assessed to be suitable for transferring back to ordinary schools, the special education steering committee shall put forward written suggestions to the original decision-making organ, which shall decide whether to transfer underage students back to ordinary schools.

If the original decision-making organ decides to transfer underage students back to ordinary schools, their original schools shall not refuse to accept them; Due to special circumstances, it is not suitable to transfer back to the original school, and the education administrative department will arrange for transfer.

Article 47　Special schools should educate and correct minors who receive special education in different grades, carry out moral education, rule of law education and mental health education in a targeted manner, and carry out vocational education according to actual conditions; Minors who have not completed compulsory education shall be guaranteed to continue to receive compulsory education.

The student status of minor students in special schools remains in the original school, and if they meet the graduation requirements, the original school shall issue a graduation certificate.

Article 48　Special schools should strengthen contact with the parents or other guardians of minors who receive special education, regularly feed back the correction and education of minors, and provide convenience for parents or other guardians and relatives to visit minors.

Article 49　Minors, their parents or other guardians who refuse to accept the administrative decision stipulated in this chapter may bring an administrative reconsideration or an administrative lawsuit according to law.

Chapter v prevention of recidivism

Article 50　The public security organs, people’s procuratorates and people’s courts shall, in handling juvenile criminal cases, carry out targeted education on the rule of law according to the physiological and psychological characteristics of minors and the crime situation.

The public security organ, the people’s procuratorate and the people’s court shall invite minors involved in criminal cases to participate in relevant activities if their adult relatives other than their legal representatives or teachers and counselors are involved in helping to reform and save minors.

Article 51　When handling juvenile criminal cases, public security organs, people’s procuratorates and people’s courts may, on their own or by entrusting relevant social organizations and institutions, conduct social investigations on the growth experience, criminal causes, guardianship and education of juvenile criminal suspects or defendants; According to the actual needs and with the consent of juvenile criminal suspects, defendants and their legal representatives, juvenile criminal suspects and defendants can be psychologically evaluated.

The report of social investigation and psychological evaluation can be used as a reference for handling cases and educating minors.

Article 52　If the public security organs, people’s procuratorates and people’s courts apply bail pending trial to minors who have no fixed residence and cannot provide guarantors, they shall designate suitable adults as guarantors, and when necessary, they may arrange for minors who have been released on bail pending trial to receive social care.

Article 53　Minors who are detained, arrested and executed in juvenile detention centers shall be detained, managed and educated separately from adults. Community correction of minors should be carried out separately from adults.

The public security organs, people’s procuratorates, people’s courts and judicial administrative departments shall cooperate with the administrative departments of education to ensure that minors who have not completed compulsory education continue to receive compulsory education.

Article 54　Juvenile reformatories and community correction institutions shall strengthen the education of the rule of law for juvenile offenders and juvenile community correction objects, and carry out vocational education for them according to the actual situation.

Article 55　Community correction institutions shall inform juvenile community correction objects of the relevant provisions of the resettlement assistance and education, and cooperate with the resettlement assistance and education departments to implement or solve the problems of schooling and employment of juvenile community correction objects.

Article 56　For minors released from prison, the reformatory for juvenile offenders shall notify their parents or other guardians in advance to take them back on time, and assist in the implementation of resettlement and education measures. If there are no parents or other guardians, and it is impossible to find out their parents or other guardians, the juvenile correctional institution shall notify the judicial administrative department of the minor’s original domicile or place of residence in advance to arrange personnel to take it back on time, and the civil affairs department or the residents’ committee or villagers’ committee shall take care of him according to law.

Article 57　Parents or other guardians of minors, schools, residents’ committees and villagers’ committees shall take effective measures to help and educate minors who have received community correction and have been released from prison, and assist judicial organs and relevant departments to do a good job in resettlement and assistance.

Residents’ committees and villagers’ committees may employ retirees, volunteers or other personnel with excellent ideological and moral character, decent work style and enthusiasm for the work of minors to assist in the resettlement and education work as stipulated in the preceding paragraph.

Article 58　Minors who have been released from prison and accepted community correction shall enjoy the same rights as other minors in terms of school resumption, further education and employment, and no unit or individual may discriminate against them.

Article 59　If the criminal records of minors are sealed according to law, the public security organs, people’s procuratorates, people’s courts and judicial administrative departments shall not provide them to any unit or individual, except that the judicial organs need to handle cases or the relevant units make inquiries according to the relevant provisions of the state. Units and individuals that make inquiries according to law shall keep the relevant recorded information confidential.

The provisions of the preceding paragraph shall apply to the records of minors receiving special corrective education and special education, as well as records of administrative punishment, criminal compulsory measures and non-prosecution.

Article 60　People’s procuratorates exercise procuratorial power according to law to supervise the prevention of juvenile delinquency.

Chapter VI Legal Liability

Article 61　If a public security organ, a people’s procuratorate or a people’s court finds that a minor’s parents or other guardians who have committed serious misconduct fail to perform their guardianship duties according to law, they shall be reprimanded and ordered to receive family education and guidance.

Article 62　If the school and its teaching staff violate the provisions of this law, fail to perform their duties of preventing juvenile delinquency, or abuse or discriminate against relevant minors, the education administrative department shall order them to make corrections, informed criticism; If the circumstances are serious, the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be punished according to law. If it constitutes a violation of public security administration, the public security organ shall impose administrative penalties on public security according to law.

If the teaching staff instigates, coerces or induces minors to commit bad behaviors or serious bad behaviors, as well as bad conduct and bad influence, the education administrative departments and schools shall dismiss them according to law.

Article 63　In violation of the provisions of this law, those who discriminate against minors in terms of resumption of schooling, further studies, employment, etc. shall be ordered by their units or departments of education, human resources and social security to make corrections; Refuses to correct, the directly responsible person in charge or other directly responsible personnel shall be punished according to law.

Article 64　If relevant social organizations, institutions and their staff abuse or discriminate against minors who accept social care, or issue false social investigation and psychological evaluation reports, the departments of civil affairs, judicial administration and other departments shall punish the directly responsible person in charge or other directly responsible personnel according to law, which constitutes a violation of public security management, and the public security organs shall impose administrative penalties on public security.

Article 65　Those who instigate, coerce or induce minors to commit bad behavior or serious bad behavior, which constitutes a violation of public security administration, shall be punished by public security organs according to law.

Article 66　If state organs and their staff abuse their powers, neglect their duties or engage in malpractices for selfish ends in the prevention of juvenile delinquency, the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be punished according to law.

Article 67　Anyone who violates the provisions of this law and constitutes a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions

Article 68　This law shall come into force as of June 1, 2021.

　　The human resources and social security and finance departments (bureaus) of the people’s governments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, the political departments and logistics departments of all military regions, the political departments and logistics departments of all arms and services, the political departments and logistics departments of the General Staff Department, the management and security department, the political departments and logistics departments of the General Assembly Department, the Academy of Military Sciences, the National Defense University, the political departments and school affairs departments of the National University of Defense Technology, and the political departments and logistics departments of the Armed Police Force, all belong to the direct supply units of the General Logistics Department.

　　In order to do a good job in the transfer and connection of the basic old-age insurance for unemployed military spouses, according to the Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Forwarding the Interim Measures for the Transfer and Connection of the Basic Old-age Insurance for Urban Enterprise Employees of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security (Guo Ban Fa [2009] No.66) and the Notice of the General Office of the Central Military Commission of the General Office of the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Interim Measures for Social Insurance for Military Spouses of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army during Unemployed Military Service (Guo Ban Fa [2003] No.102) and other relevant national policies.

　　First, during the period when the military spouse is unemployed, the financial department of the military logistics (joint logistics) organ shall, in accordance with the regulations, establish a personal account for the old-age insurance and record the payment of the old-age insurance during his stay in the army.

　　Second, unemployed dependents have participated in the basic old-age insurance for urban enterprise employees before the army, and the basic old-age insurance relationship and funds are not transferred to the army. The social insurance agency in the original insured place (hereinafter referred to as the social security agency) keeps all its insurance payment records, and the amount of personal account storage continues to bear interest according to regulations.

　　Third, unemployed dependents realize employment and participate in the basic old-age insurance for employees in urban enterprises, and the financial department of the military logistics (joint logistics) organ will transfer the old-age insurance relationship and corresponding funds to the social security institutions in the newly insured places. When transferring the old-age insurance relationship, the unemployed military spouse is not restricted by the conditions that men are over 50 years old and women are over 40 years old, and a temporary basic old-age insurance payment account is not established. If they go to the local area for cross-provincial mobile employment again, they shall be handled in accordance with the provisions of Document No.66 [2009] issued by the State Council.

　　4. If the unemployed military spouse is not employed at the time of retired military personnel’s relocation, the financial department of the military logistics (joint logistics) organ will transfer the pension insurance relationship and corresponding funds to the social security institution where the relocation household registration is located. When transferring the old-age insurance relationship, the unemployed military spouse is not restricted by the conditions that men are over 50 years old and women are over 40 years old, and a temporary basic old-age insurance payment account is not established. If they go to the local area for cross-provincial mobile employment again, they shall be handled in accordance with the provisions of Document No.66 [2009] issued by the State Council.

　　Five, unemployed dependents reached the retirement age stipulated by the state, by the financial department of the military logistics (logistics) organs of the old-age insurance relationship and the corresponding funds, transferred to the social security institutions where the household registration, in line with the conditions for receiving the basic old-age insurance benefits for employees of urban enterprises, in the household registration for retirement procedures and receive the basic old-age insurance benefits for employees of urban enterprises.

　　6. Unemployed military spouses who have participated in the basic old-age insurance for employees of urban enterprises before joining the army, and have gone through the formalities of sealing up the basic old-age insurance relationship and personal accounts in the original insured place according to regulations, should also go through the formalities of transferring the old-age insurance relationship and corresponding funds to the social security institution in the new insured place or the place where the household registration is located with the "Certificate of Payment for Basic Old-age Insurance" issued by the social security institution in the original insured place.

　　Seven, for the third, fourth and fifth provisions of this notice, the transfer of pension insurance relationship, according to the following methods to calculate the transfer of personal account storage and military subsidies:

　　(a) the amount of personal account: before January 1, 1998, it was calculated and transferred according to the accumulated principal and interest paid by individuals; After January 1, 1998, the transfer is calculated according to the total amount of storage credited to the individual account.

　　(2) Military subsidy: calculated and transferred according to the sum of 12% of the actual payment base of each year after January 1, 1998. If the insured is less than one year, the transfer will be calculated according to the actual payment months.

　　Eight, for the third, four, five provisions of this notice, the pension insurance relationship and capital transfer, according to the following provisions:

　　(a) transfer procedures:

　　1. The financial department of the military logistics (joint logistics) organ issued the "Unemployed military spouse pension insurance payment voucher" (see Annex 1).

　　2. The employing unit or I shall submit a written application for the transfer and continuation of the old-age insurance relationship to the social security agency in the newly insured place or the place where the household registration is located, issue the Payment Certificate for the Pension Insurance for Unemployed Military Spouses, and fill in the Application Form for the Transfer and Continuation of the Basic Old-age Insurance Relationship (see Annex 2).

　　3. The social security institution of the newly insured place or the place where the household registration is located shall accept the Application Form for the Transfer and Continuation of the Basic Endowment Insurance Relationship and relevant materials according to the regulations, and review them. Within 15 working days from the date of acceptance, send a "Contact Letter for the Transfer and Continuation of Basic Endowment Insurance Relationship" to the financial department of the military logistics (joint logistics) organ (see Annex 3).

　　4. The financial department of the military logistics (joint logistics) organ shall, within 15 working days from the date of receiving the Contact Letter on the Transfer and Continuation of the Basic Endowment Insurance Relationship, fill in and transmit the Information Form on the Transfer and Continuation of the Pension Insurance Relationship of Unemployed Military Spouses (see Annex 4), handle the corresponding fund transfer, and terminate the pension insurance relationship during the military period.

　　5. The social security institution in the newly insured place or the place where the household registration is located shall complete the relevant procedures within 15 working days after receiving the Information Form on the Transfer and Continuation of the Old-age Insurance Relationship of Unemployed Military Spouses and the transfer of funds.

　　(II) When handling the transfer-out of the pension insurance relationship of unemployed military spouses, the administrative division code during the military period shall be uniformly filled as "910000", and the social security institution in the transfer-in place shall identify the personnel accordingly, and the administrative division code during this period shall remain unchanged when the insured personnel are transferred again.

　　(3) Except for special requirements, when the army handles the transfer of the pension insurance relationship of unemployed military spouses, the indicators of relevant tables shall be uniformly in accordance with the Notice on Doing a Good Job in the Construction and Application of the Basic Pension Insurance Relationship System for Employees in Urban Enterprises (No.124 [2010] of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security) and the Notice on Printing and Distributing the Opinions on Issues Related to the Transfer and Continuation of the Basic Pension Insurance Relationship Information Table (Letter [2011] of the People’s Social Insurance Center)

　　Nine, unemployed dependents to achieve employment and participate in the basic old-age insurance for urban enterprise employees or reach the retirement age stipulated by the state, the insured payment period during the army period is the insured payment period where the dependents’ household registration is located, and it is calculated with the local insured payment period, and the personal account storage amount is calculated cumulatively; Unemployed military spouses who are not employed at the time of retired soldiers’ relocation and resettlement shall be calculated as the insured payment period at the place where the household registration is relocated, combined with the insured payment period at the local place, and the accumulated amount of personal account is calculated.

　　Ten, the unemployed dependents’ old-age insurance relationship is transferred to the local, and when the inter-provincial mobile employment transfer continues the basic old-age insurance relationship and the corresponding funds between the local, it should be handled in accordance with the document No.66 [2009] of the State Council and the relevant national policies and regulations.

　　Eleven, before the implementation of this notice, unemployed dependents have participated in the basic old-age insurance for employees of urban enterprises before the army, and after the army will be transferred to the army, in line with the provisions of Articles 3, 4 and 5 of this notice, the original transfer of funds during the local insurance period is calculated according to the provisions of Article 7 of this notice, and the insurance payment period is calculated as the insurance payment period during the army.

　　12. Unemployed military spouses participate in the pension insurance for military spouses during the period when they are unemployed, and the convergence policy of participating in the pension insurance for government agencies and institutions, the new rural social pension insurance and the social pension insurance for urban residents shall be implemented in accordance with relevant state regulations.

　　13. Unemployed military spouses belong to items (2), (3), (4), (5), (6) and (8) as stipulated in Article 17 of Document No.102 issued by the State Council, and the financial department of the military logistics (joint logistics) organ transfers the pension insurance relationship and corresponding funds to the social security institution where the household registration is located, and transfers the funds, handling procedures and the insured payment period.

　　XIV. The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security in conjunction with the General Logistics Department is responsible for the interpretation of this notice.

　　Fifteen, this notice shall come into force as of the date of promulgation.

　　State-owned assets of administrative institutions refer to all kinds of economic resources that are occupied and used by administrative institutions, legally recognized as owned by the state and can be measured in money. It is an important material basis for the government to perform social management functions, provide public services and promote career development, and is an important part of state-owned assets.

　　(1) the status quo of state-owned assets in administrative institutions. According to the data of final accounts of departments in 2011, as of December 31, 2011, the total assets of administrative institutions nationwide were 13.35 trillion yuan, and the total net assets after deducting liabilities were 8.76 trillion yuan. The net assets of administrative institutions accounted for about one-third of the total state-owned net assets (see Figure 5.1). In terms of asset composition, current assets account for 40.3%, fixed assets account for 50.2%, foreign investment accounts for 1.8%, intangible assets account for 0.5%, and other assets account for 7.2% (see Figure 5.2).

　　Figure 5.1 State-owned Assets of Administrative Institutions in 2006-2011 (Net Value)

　　Figure 5.2 Composition of state-owned assets (total value) of administrative institutions at the end of 2011

　　(2) State-owned assets management system of administrative institutions. In 2006, the Ministry of Finance promulgated the Interim Measures for the Management of State-owned Assets in Administrative Units and the Interim Measures for the Management of State-owned Assets in Public Institutions (Ministry of Finance Orders No.35 and No.36, hereinafter referred to as "two ministerial orders"), which clarified the management system of state-owned assets in administrative institutions and the management responsibilities of various departments (units), comprehensively standardized the management of assets allocation, use and disposal, and constructed a comprehensive management system from asset allocation, use to disposal. According to the relevant principles determined by the two ministerial decrees, the Ministry of Finance, in conjunction with relevant departments, has studied and promulgated relevant supporting management measures such as asset inventory, asset verification, state-owned assets management of central administrative institutions, overseas assets management and the use, disposal and income of state-owned assets. At the same time, local financial departments have actively strengthened the system construction according to the provisions of the two ministerial orders, and the state-owned assets management system of administrative institutions has been initially established.

　　(3) State-owned assets management institutions of administrative institutions and their responsibilities. According to the current management framework of state-owned assets in administrative institutions, it is vertically divided into five levels: central, provincial, prefecture (city), county and township, and horizontally there are three levels of management: "financial department-competent department-administrative institutions".

　　The specific responsibilities and authorities of financial departments, competent departments of administrative institutions (hereinafter referred to as competent departments) and administrative institutions in asset management are as follows: financial departments at all levels are government functional departments responsible for the management of state-owned assets of administrative institutions and implement comprehensive management of state-owned assets of administrative institutions; The competent department is responsible for the supervision and management of the state-owned assets of the administrative institutions affiliated to this department; Administrative institutions shall implement specific management of the state-owned assets possessed and used by their own units.

　　The promulgation of the two ministerial orders clearly defined the management system of state-owned assets in administrative institutions in China. At present, the management system of "unified ownership by the state, graded supervision by the government, possession and use by units" and the corresponding state-owned assets management model of "financial department-competent department-administrative institution" have been further established nationwide. By the end of 2011, all provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities with separate plans) in China have made it clear that the financial departments are responsible for the management of state-owned assets in administrative institutions, and 35 of them have established special asset management institutions. Most central departments have also set up asset management institutions or defined the staff responsible for asset management.

　　(4) The main contents of state-owned assets management in administrative institutions. It mainly includes asset allocation, asset use, asset disposal and other related work.

　　Asset allocation. It refers to the behavior of financial departments, competent departments, administrative institutions, etc. to equip administrative institutions with assets by means of purchase or adjustment according to the needs of administrative institutions to perform their functions and in accordance with the procedures stipulated by relevant state laws, regulations and rules. Administrative institutions purchase assets included in the scope of government procurement and implement government procurement according to law. In order to standardize and strengthen the asset budget management, the Ministry of Finance issued the Notice of the Ministry of Finance on Further Strengthening the Budget Management of New Asset Allocation in Central Administrative Units (Caixing [2010] No.293) and the Budget Standard for the Purchase of General Office Equipment and Furniture in Central Administrative Units (for Trial Implementation) (Caixing [2011] No.78) to standardize the asset budget preparation of central departments and improve the budget for the purchase of general office equipment and furniture in central administrative units.

　　Use of assets. Including assets for self-use, foreign investment, leasing and lending. Administrative institutions shall establish and improve the management system for the use of state-owned assets, standardize the use behavior, do a good job in the use management, give full play to the use efficiency of state-owned assets, ensure the safety and integrity of state-owned assets, and prevent improper losses and waste in the use of state-owned assets. Administrative units shall not use state-owned assets as external guarantee, and shall not use state-owned assets in any form to hold economic entities. The income from leasing and lending of state-owned assets in administrative institutions shall be managed by "two lines of revenue and expenditure" in accordance with the provisions of the government on the management of non-tax income. The income from the use of state-owned assets in public institutions should be included in the unit budget, and unified accounting and management should be carried out.

　　Disposal of assets. Refers to the transfer and write-off of property rights of state-owned assets in administrative institutions. Including all kinds of state-owned assets free allocation (transfer), foreign donation, sale, transfer, transfer, replacement, loss reporting and scrapping, loss verification of monetary assets, etc. The income from the disposal of state-owned assets in administrative institutions shall be managed by "two lines of revenue and expenditure" in accordance with the provisions of the government on the management of non-tax income.

　　Other basic work. It mainly includes supporting basic work such as asset inventory, asset verification, property right registration and asset evaluation of administrative institutions, and constitutes the content system of asset management of administrative institutions with three basic links of asset allocation, use and disposal.

　　Approval process. Administrative institutions at all levels shall, in strict accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, go through the formalities for examination and approval of asset allocation, use and disposal, and follow the process shown in Figure 5.3 for approval.

　　Figure 5.3 Schematic diagram of approval process

　　(5) Special management of state-owned assets in administrative institutions.One isOfficial vehicle management. The Ministry of Finance issued the Administrative Measures for the Budget and Final Accounts of Official Vehicles for Party and Government Organs (No.9 [2011] of Caixing) and the Administrative Measures for the Equipment and Use of Official Vehicles for Law Enforcement of Party and Government Organs (No.180 [2011] of Caixing), and formulated the Administrative Measures for the Equipment and Use of Official Vehicles for Law Enforcement of Sub-systems together with the central competent authorities, further put forward management requirements for the budget and final accounts of official vehicles for Party and government organs, and set the equipment scope, preparation management and equipment standards for official vehicles for law enforcement of party and government organs.The second isSoftware asset management. In order to further improve the use of legitimate software by government agencies, the Ministry of Finance issued the Notice on Further Standardizing and Strengthening the Management of Software Assets of Government Agencies (Caixing [2011] No.7), which put forward clear requirements on budget management, asset management and procurement management of legitimate software, standardized and strengthened the management of software assets of government agencies, and promoted the protection of intellectual property rights.

1905 movie network news Recently, Japan’s first all-ai-generated film "Generative AI Implementation Field" (provisional translation) release a notice. The preview shows a variety of fantasy scenes generated by AI, and three story protagonists have also appeared. It is reported that the film uses original stories, and the picture, sound and soundtrack are all generated by ai. It is planned to be released in Japanese cinemas in 2024.

This film consists of three parts, one of which is directed by, Beast Gengang and Yamada Yanghui. The part directed by Otsuichi is called "Monkey Odyssey" (translated temporarily), which tells the story of sailors drifting to an uninhabited island with only monkeys in the era of great navigation. Zeng Gengang directed a part called AZUSA, which tells the story of an eccentric girl with fantasy who shuttles between two worlds to realize her dream. Yang Hui Yamada directed a part called "Grama Levitt" (グランマレビト, temporarily translated), which tells the story of an old magician who came to an overhead country for a certain purpose in the distant future.

With the explosive development of generative AI technology, more and more industries begin to use AI technology. The films that were released before and just released have used AI technology to varying degrees, restoring the "youth version" and "youth version", showing great strength. But at present, generative AI is just a icing on the cake technology, and the full use of AI for film creation is still in its infancy. The "All AI Movie" to be released in Japan this time will be a meaningful attempt.

　　　　A pot cover with a diameter of about 40 cm, a VCD-like device and a small compass claim to be able to install satellite TV, and can receive more than 100 channels including news and entertainment programs from Europe, America, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and 24-hour adult stations, with a value of 3,600 yuan. Recently, illegal businessmen have been promoting the "benefits" of installing satellite TV to people through SMS and other channels.

　　　　On September 1st, a reporter from Times and a reporter from Guangdong TV Station "Today’s Concern" made a joint unannounced visit and contacted the seller at zero distance. It was found that this was simply a scam set by criminals. The working principle of those so-called instruments that could receive European and American TV stations was suspected to be the operation mode of VCD or digital TV stored and then played. The industry and commerce, radio and television departments have indicated that they will seriously investigate and deal with it.

　　　　Report: Someone sent a text message to promote adult TV.

　　　　On August 31, Mr. Zhao, a military hospital of the People’s Liberation Army stationed in Guangzhou, received a short message with these words: install satellite TV, watch news, movies, sports and entertainment from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, the Premier League of Hong Kong and Taiwan and the 24-hour adult channel with Chinese subtitles, and pay when you are satisfied; The telephone number is 13662333XXX, Mr. Cheng. Mr. Zhao said that after receiving the text message, he immediately called the other party, and the other party enthusiastically promoted the benefits of installing satellite TV to him, focusing on ensuring that he could watch programs from European and American TV stations and adult TV to ensure customer satisfaction.

　　　　According to Zhao, in addition to this message, his friends also received the same message, all from this vendor. In order to explore whether there is any tricky and illegal behavior. On the morning of September 1, Mr. Zhao made an appointment with a reporter and decided to find out.

　　　　Unannounced visit: the other party said that it can receive more than 100 overseas stations.

　　　　After a series of arrangements, the reporter called according to the contact mobile phone on the short message. A man who claimed to be surnamed Cheng answered the phone. After confirming that the reporter needed to install satellite TV, Mr. Cheng said that he would send someone to install it for the reporter. In order to witness the installation and reception process of "satellite TV" safely and smoothly, the Times reporter first opened an hourly room in a hotel on Xingang Road, and then made a joint unannounced visit with the reporter of "Today’s Concern" of Guangdong TV Station to obtain the evidence.

　　　　At 4 o’clock on the afternoon of September 1, after two hours of waiting and non-stop telephone contact, a white Buick car came to the hotel booked by the reporter in advance. There was no license plate hanging in front of the car. The reporter walked into the front of the car and saw that although there was a license plate, the license plate was ambiguous. There were five men on the bus, three of whom got off the bus. One man brought a black package from the back compartment, and the other man took something like a pot cover, which was small and about 40 cm in diameter. Subsequently, under the leadership of the reporter, the three men came to the hourly room booked by the reporter.

　　　　See adult programs immediately after installation.

　　　　The reporter needs to install satellite TV to receive European and American TV stations and adult stations on the grounds of operating hotels to meet customers’ needs, but he requires to see the product display and installation procedures first. "Our receiving instrument is very advanced. It is different from the original big pot cover. It can receive more than 100 channels from overseas TV stations. It can not only watch news, movies, sports and entertainment programs from Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, Europe, America and Taiwan, but also the most important adult programs with very exciting pictures. It is very good-looking, and you are satisfied!"

　　　　The man wearing a light red T-shirt is a little fat. While introducing the benefits of the "satellite TV receiver" to reporters, he took out tools such as wires and scissors from the black bag. The most surprising thing is that a thin man took out his compass, scanned the room and asked, "Which direction is the southeast? The lid needs to be placed on the southeast window to receive the signal! "

　　　　The "white plaid T-shirt" man instructed the "light red T-shirt" man to put the lid on the window, took out a box of VCD-like equipment and put it on the TV. Then, the three men began to tune the TV. Soon, the TV screen that used to broadcast domestic TV pictures was immediately replaced by an unsightly sex scene for men and women. "Satisfied! With this satellite TV receiver installed, you can receive 100 overseas stations. "

　　　　Doubt: How can live broadcast be paused, fast-forward and fast-backward?

　　　　"The programs and pictures played through our satellite receiver can be paused or fast-forward and fast-backward!" The "white plaid T-shirt" man looks a little proud. "You can also fast forward and fast backward?" The reporter expressed surprise, "What’s the difference between this and VCD?" "This is the biggest advantage of our receiver, but it is not a VCD."

　　　　At the request of the reporter, the "white plaid T-shirt" demonstrated the advantages of this satellite receiver to the reporter. He first instructed the "light red T-shirt" man to put the lid on the window again, and then instructed another man who came with him to set the compass. The "white plaid T-shirt" man then inserted two wires with plugs into the box placed on the TV. After turning on the switch, the TV screen showed the programs of AEC TV stations abroad. After playing for two or three minutes, the "white plaid T-shirt" man suddenly pressed the button with the remote control, and the picture being played was really paused, and then he pressed it again.

　　　　"Amazing!" After nearly an hour of installation and demonstration, two other big men who were originally sitting in Buick came into the room and said loudly. "Besides watching this TV channel, you can also watch Taiwan Province’s Dongsen TV program and American and Australian programs." The "white plaid T-shirt" man said and demonstrated.

　　　　　　　　Dialogue is expensive, claiming to be sold nationwide.

　　　　When several men demonstrated and promoted products, the reporter started a dialogue with them and learned that they were mainly engaged in product distribution and installation. Mr. Cheng on the short message is a contact person, not a real boss. "White Plaid T-shirt" man said that he is from Jiangsu, his boss is in Shanghai, and there are more than 30 people engaged in product sales in Guangzhou. There are also product sales outlets in other cities in China, with prices ranging from several hundred yuan to several thousand yuan, and from 20,000 yuan to 30,000 yuan, depending on what kind of products you need.

　　　　Reporter: How much does it cost to sell this product you brought today?

　　　　T-shirt male (white plaid T-shirt male): 3600 yuan. This is a medium-sized product. You can buy 20,000 to 30,000 yuan if you need it.

　　　　Reporter: Is there anything cheap?

　　　　T-shirt man: We have 600 yuan’s, which is the lowest.

　　　　Reporter: Are the products reliable?

　　　　T-shirt man: Of course. The boss is from Shanghai, and the products are sold all over the country. The business is very good. I installed this equipment for a factory in Baiyun District the day before yesterday, worth 50,000 to 60,000 yuan. This factory bought several sets.

　　　　Reporter: Is there any guarantee for buying your product?

　　　　"T-shirt" male; Don’t worry! Warranty for three years, with invoice and receipt.

　　　　Reporter: Can you look at the approval and legal procedures of the radio and television department?

　　　　T-shirt man (silent): ….

　　　　Light red T-shirt "M: We can guarantee that the police and other departments can’t find it. This pot cover is so small that it is difficult to find it.

　　　　Reporter: if it is checked, isn’t it bought for nothing?

　　　　Light red T-shirt "Man: No, we’ll get along well and make sure you’re not investigated. Besides, this pot cover is so small that it is difficult to check it, and it is difficult to find it in the room.

　　　　statement

　　　　Radio and Television Bureau: Suspected to be a copy of VCD and digital TV storage.

　　　　Yesterday afternoon, after listening to the reporter’s story, the staff of Guangzhou Press, Publication, Radio and Television Bureau said that no unit or individual is allowed to sell and install satellite TV without the approval of the Radio and Television Bureau. Therefore, the equipment illegally sold by this seller is illegal and even suspected of committing a crime. The staff also said that no matter whether it is domestic TV or overseas TV, there will be no pause or fast-forward or fast-backward phenomenon in live broadcast programs, so it is suspected that it is a replica of VCD and digital TV storage.

　　　　Finally, the staff member said that since the main responsibility of the Radio and Television Bureau is to investigate and deal with the dens that produce this instrument, the work of investigating and selling this instrument is handled by the industrial and commercial departments. The staff suggested that the reporter dial "12315".

　　　　Industry and commerce department: determine the evidence and investigate it strictly.

　　　　At 4: 30 pm yesterday, the reporter reported to the industrial and commercial department "12315". The wiring staff said that if the reporter has the evidence, he can provide it to the industrial and commercial law enforcement department, and then he will arrange law enforcement officers to investigate it strictly. (Xin Shili)

Editor: Zhang Pengfei

　　What are the routines for 4S shop maintenance?

　　Routine 1:

　　Similar projects cost more.

　　Routine 2:

　　Recommended item "Overmaintenance"

　　Routine 3:

　　Promise to shrink after the discount.

　　Text/Guangzhou Daily reporter Deng Li

　　In order to make the car have a longer service life, it is necessary to carry out regular maintenance according to different kilometers. However, most car owners "check" what items need to be done during regular routine maintenance. Recently, some car owners broke the news to our reporter: in order to make more money, the car 4S shop actually mixed the recommended items with the must-do items, fooling the car owners who didn’t understand the car and overcharged thousands of dollars in disguise. The reporter investigated the after-sales service of automobile dealers and found that recommending items outside the maintenance manual is one of the most common after-sales practices in 4S shops, and there are "routines" on how to recommend and charge standards.

　　Owner feedback:

　　Routine maintenance quoted "sky-high price"

　　Mr. Liu, the owner of Land Rover, did 20,000 kilometers of routine maintenance for the 4S shop at the beginning of the month. After receiving him warmly, the after-sales consultant listed a maintenance list with 11 items for him. Mr. Liu happened to have an important phone call to deal with, so he glanced at it and signed it. After three hours of routine maintenance, he was surprised by the maintenance statement issued by the 4S shop — — It is as high as more than10,000 yuan! Looking at the maintenance projects carefully, Mr. Liu found that in addition to the necessary maintenance projects, many additional recommended maintenance projects have been added: a project that has not replaced the necessary antifreeze for the time being, including the working hours, costs as much as 3,000 yuan; Maintenance of air conditioning pipes, cleaning of throttle valves, oil nozzles and other "cleaning" projects, with a total charge of more than 2,000 yuan; What is even more exaggerated is that there are five items, such as fuel injection system cleaning agent and engine protection additive, which cost more than 2,500 yuan when working hours are included. The experience of many maintenance tells him that these are unnecessary maintenance projects. "If the owner does not carefully filter the maintenance list, it will be completely regarded as ‘ Water fish ’ Treat! " Mr. Liu said that according to the 20,000-kilometer routine maintenance of general vehicles, it is mainly necessary to replace the "three filters" such as engine oil filter and air conditioner filter and clean the air conditioner. Even the Land Rover brand costs only about 3,000 yuan.

　　Reporter’s investigation:

　　"Monchacha" car owners are easy to be pitted

　　"It’s basically what the 4S shop tells me to do, and I don’t quite understand when to do maintenance." In the reporter’s random interview with several car owners, there are quite a few such answers. The owner of a German luxury car showed the reporter the list of historical maintenance and settlement in the 4S shop, which showed that all kinds of "additives" materials such as carburetor cleaner, engine lubrication system protector and engine oil cleaner were on the list. Not only luxury cars, but also ordinary family passenger cars with low prices have similar additional items (mostly recommended by the after-sales consultants of the 4S shop). For example, a car owner who bought an American car with more than 100,000 yuan at the end of last year was recommended by the 4S shop to do "full vehicle lubrication" and "oil cleaning" when he went to the 4S shop for "second guarantee" last month, and even the tires were overcharged by nearly 1,000 yuan.

　　Master Lin, who has been engaged in automobile maintenance in Guangzhou for more than 30 years, told the reporter: "Once the owner meets ‘ Deep maintenance package ’ 、‘ Cleaning package ’ Pay more attention to the project suggestions, not every car needs similar maintenance. " He pointed out that most cleaning agents and additives are optional items. Even if the owner wants to treat his car better, the same product can be solved at only 1/3 of the price in the outside repair shop, which is the place with the largest "moisture" in the conventional maintenance project. In addition, although oil cleaning is also one of the maintenance items, it is generally recommended to use vehicles with a distance of more than 20,000 to 30,000 kilometers, but new cars are not needed. Daily attention should be paid to replacing the oil filter every six months or 5000 kilometers, so the vehicle problem is not serious.

　　There are doorways for 4S shops to make money:

　　The more expensive the car, the more it will be slaughtered.

　　Insiders pointed out that this phenomenon of "over-maintenance" of vehicles in the store is the biggest part of the profit source of 4S stores. The better the car, the more it may be "over-maintained". For example, Mr. Liu’s Land Rover originally only needed 3,000 yuan of maintenance content, but it was abruptly earned more than 7,000 yuan by the 4S shop. A Ford owner, Mr. Lei, told the reporter that the car he just bought had an engine oil leak only one year after it was opened. It was only a problem that could be solved by replacing an oil seal for free, but the 4S shop told him that it would take more than 1,500 yuan to thoroughly clean the intake system, fuel system, three-way catalysis and maintain the combustion chamber. Fortunately, Mr. Lei has experience, and then he went to the repair shop introduced by a friend and spent less than 100 yuan to handle it properly.

　　The reporter was informed that at present, 4S car shops don’t make money selling cars, so a lot of efforts have been made in lucrative after-sales service. For vehicles that come for maintenance, a lot of dispensable maintenance items are often recommended, and whether the so-called cleaning and additive items have been done or not, the owner can’t see it with the naked eye, and it is difficult to have the right to know. At the same time, the reporter noticed that the maintenance charges of 4S shops are more expensive than those of ordinary repair shops outside. For example, for a luxury car with a price of 300,000 to 400,000 yuan, minor maintenance such as replacing the "three filters" will be charged between 1,500 and 2,000 yuan for a general repair shop, but 4S stores will cost more than 5,000 yuan.

　　Care and attention:

　　Be sure to read the Maintenance Manual attached to the vehicle.

　　Many car owners have little knowledge of the structure of the car, let alone what parts to maintain for many kilometers. In this regard, the reporter interviewed some car after-sales masters from Japan, South Korea, Europe and the United States, and most of them suggested that the owner of this "check" must look at the "Maintenance Manual" of his model. "When buying a car, the manufacturers attach a Maintenance Manual with the car, which lists the maintenance items that should be done every number of years and kilometers. According to the above, it is a pity that many car owners have thrown it aside and will be fooled by the repair shop." The relevant person in charge of Guangzhou Motor Vehicle Maintenance Industry Association said that at present, the management of most automobile 4S shops is honest and reliable, but due to the pursuit of profit, it is not excluded that a few 4S shops will take advantage of the loopholes to deceive the owners.

　　However, the reporter’s investigation on the after-sales service of local dealers found that additional items such as recommending additives and in-depth maintenance have basically become common practices in most 4S shops, and 4S shops will basically be open and transparent, and publicize charges. The reporter noticed in the after-sales workshop of a 4S shop in Guangwu Automobile Trade that the sales consultant of the store will give the owner instructions on the additional items before the maintenance, and the maintenance process will be carried out according to the list after obtaining the owner’s permission. Master Lin pointed out that at this time, smart car owners may know what necessary items to do, and they can delete some redundant 4S shop recommendations, but the owners of "Mengchacha" can only be "routine" at this time. However, there are also 4S shops that tell car owners such tips as "serious carbon deposition was found in XXX parts during the inspection, and it is recommended to clean them" during the routine maintenance of vehicles to promote the maintenance package.

　　Car maintenance

　　Prevention of "Be Routine" Prompt

　　1. Maintenance discount after cash deposit

　　When some car owners buy a car, they can’t help but worry about the sales consultant, and deposit a certain amount of cash in advance. 4S stores promise to enjoy discounts for future maintenance. However, the so-called discount may only be a small discount on working hours, with a maximum of 20 to 30 yuan left, and some people shirk it for various reasons, so that you must pay the maintenance fee in full.

　　Suggestion: When buying a car, it involves the after-sales service commitment, so it must be written into the contract to prevent empty promises.

　　2. Minor maintenance and major maintenance "routines" are different.

　　General automobile maintenance can be divided into two categories: minor maintenance and major maintenance. Minor maintenance refers to the daily maintenance of the car using 5000~10000km. The most easily routine part of minor maintenance is "changing the oil and filter" and other items. Vehicles that only need to add semi-synthetic oil are hard to be fooled into adding a lot of money to synthetic engine oil. Major maintenance refers to the moderate maintenance of the car after driving 20,000 kilometers. The items that may be routine are: replenishing coolant, cleaning engine fuel system, brake pads, etc., that is, various cleaning agents and additives.

　　Suggestion: Be sure to look at the maintenance list and make sure that each item is necessary for a car. As for whether to save some money and choose an outside repair shop, it is suggested that the owner decide according to his personal consumption level.

　　3. After the warranty period, you can "take off the warranty" from the 4S shop.

　　At present, the warranty period of most vehicles ranges from "two years or 60 thousand kilometers" to "four years or 100 thousand kilometers", and new energy vehicles enjoy "six years or 150 thousand kilometers" No matter what the term is, the warranty period generally enjoys free maintenance, but it is mainly the "three filters" minor maintenance items such as replacing the engine oil and mechanical filter.

　　If the warranty period expires, the owner can "take off the warranty" from the 4S shop and carry out basic maintenance in some chain repair shops or beauty shops with good reputation, which can save a lot of money.

　　4. Bring your own materials to save money

　　It is cheaper to bring your own oil machine to 4S shop for maintenance. For the same product, it is very common for 4S shops to charge 1/3 or even several times more. However, if you bring your own materials, you should first consult the 4S shop for permission. Some 4S stores will force parts and materials that can only be supplied by "original factory channels" (that is, in-store sales).

In order to do a good job in the implementation of the "Special Post Plan for School Teachers in Rural Compulsory Education in 2020" (hereinafter referred to as the "Special Post Plan"), according to the Notice of Anhui Provincial Department of Education and Anhui Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security on Printing and Distributing the Implementation Plan for the Recruitment of School Teachers in Rural Compulsory Education in 2020 in Anhui Province, the relevant matters are hereby announced as follows:

First, the recruitment principle

(a) adhere to the society, open and fair.

(two) adhere to the examination and selection.

(3) Adhere to unified organization and graded responsibility.

Second, the recruitment plan

In 2020, the state issued 3,000 "Special Post Plan" in our province, and the implementation scope was: shitai county in Chizhou, Huaiyuan County in Bengbu, Dangshan County, Lingbi County, Sixian County, Yongqiao District, Xiaoxian County in Suzhou, Qianshan City, Wangjiang County, Taihu County and Yuexi County in Anqing City, Shouxian County in Huainan City, Yu ‘an District and jin an district City in Lu ‘an City. Fuyang yingdong district, Yingshang County, Yingzhou District, jieshou city, Yingquan District, susong county and other 28 countries are contiguous with Dabie Mountain areas with special difficulties, national key poverty alleviation and development counties (cities, districts) and provincial key poverty alleviation and development counties (cities, districts). See Annex 1 for the post schedule of "Special Post Plan" in Anhui Province in 2020.

Third, the recruitment target

Meet the requirements of the recruitment position. Mainly graduates from ordinary colleges and universities and teachers’ colleges, aged no more than 30 (born on or after July 9, 1989).

Fourth, the recruitment conditions

1 adhere to the four cardinal principles, support reform and opening up, and love education.

2 professional basic theory is solid, the comprehensive quality is high, and the academic performance (or work performance) is excellent.

3. Good conduct, law-abiding, good performance at school or during work (unemployment), and no disciplinary action.

4. Physical and mental health, capable of teaching.

5. Relevant requirements for teacher qualification certificate:

(1) Have the corresponding teacher qualification certificate.

(2) Meet the qualification requirements for teachers, and be able to obtain the corresponding teacher qualification certificate at the time of qualification review.

(3) In line with the relevant provisions of the Notice of 7 ministries and commissions, including the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the Ministry of Education, on implementing phased measures of "taking posts first and then conducting textual research" for some professional qualifications in response to the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic (No.24 [2020] of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security), it shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions. Candidates who are employed by applying the phased measures of "taking the post first and then conducting textual research" shall agree with the employer on a one-year probation period according to the regulations. If they fail to obtain the corresponding teacher qualification certificate during the probation period, they shall terminate the employment contract according to law.

(4) Candidates who have passed the written examination and interview of teacher qualification examination in our province (must provide the corresponding Certificate of Qualification Examination for Primary and Secondary School Teachers, which can be found on China Education Examination Network, website: http://ntce.neea.edu.cn/) can sign up for the open recruitment of special post teachers, but they should obtain the corresponding teacher qualification certificate within one year. If they fail to obtain the corresponding teacher qualification certificate within one year, they should terminate the employment contract according to law.

6. Meet other requirements required for the recruitment position (see Annex 1).

7. Those who apply for special post teachers in Hubei and Hubei college graduates will be given priority under the same conditions.

Persons under any of the following circumstances are not allowed to apply:

(a) do not meet the requirements of the recruitment requirements;

(2) Non-fresh graduates of full-time colleges and universities who are studying;

(3) Servicemen;

(four) the personnel who have been identified by the education department of the government and the human resources and social security department as having violated the examination discipline and are in the suspension period;

(5) Persons who have been subjected to criminal punishment for crimes and those who have been expelled from public office, those who have been punished by Party discipline and discipline or are undergoing disciplinary review, those who are under criminal punishment or are under judicial investigation and have not yet reached a conclusion;

(six) the law shall not participate in the registration or employment of personnel in other circumstances as staff of public institutions.

V. Recruitment Procedures and Related Requirements

(1) Publicity and mobilization

The relevant departments of the province, the education departments of the cities and counties (cities, districts), the human resources and social security departments and the relevant universities mobilize and release information through meetings, documents, media, internet and other forms, widely publicize the significance of implementing the "special post plan" and the recruitment targets, conditions, methods and related preferential policies, and guide and encourage college graduates to actively sign up for the "special post plan" teacher recruitment. Candidates can log on to the website of Anhui Education Department (https://jyt.ah.gov.cn), or through the website of "24365 Campus Recruitment Service" (teacher recruitment special session) of the Ministry of Education (https://job.ncss.cn/student/jobfair/fairdetails.html? FairId=SUqQtEyjZz7PChehx5pfat) query.

(2) Online registration

1. Registration time. Applicants can log in to the information management and service system of Anhui Special Post Plan (http://tg.ahzsks.cn, the same below), and the online registration time is from 8: 00 on July 9 to 18: 00 on July 13, and will not be accepted after the deadline.

2. Relevant requirements

(1) Applicants should enter information truthfully and completely according to the prompt requirements of the registration system to ensure accuracy and upload corresponding information as required.

(2) Applicants promise that the contents filled in the registration are true and effective, and they will abide by the examination discipline, otherwise they will be disqualified.

(3) Each applicant is limited to one recruitment position in a county (city, district).

(3) Online qualification examination

1. At the same time that the applicants register online from 8: 00 on July 9 to 18: 00 on July 13, the education bureaus of each county (city, district) will conduct qualification examination one by one according to the recruitment conditions, and the examination will end before 17:30 on July 14. Applicants should log in to the information management and service system of "Special Post Plan" before 17:30 on July 14th to see if they have passed the qualification examination. Those who pass the qualification examination shall not apply for other positions; Those who have not yet reviewed or failed the qualification examination can change their reports before 17:30 on July 14th.

2. After the qualification examination of each county (city, district) is completed, the ratio of the number of applicants to the number of recruitment positions should be not less than 3:1 (the ratio of the number of applicants to the number of recruitment positions in music, sports, fine arts and information technology disciplines should be not less than 2: 1); If the number of recruits for the same position reaches 5 (including 5), the ratio of the number of applicants to the number of recruitment positions should be no less than 2:1. If the proportion of the prescribed examination is insufficient, with the approval of the Provincial Department of Education and the Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security, the recruitment plan will be reduced or cancelled accordingly.

3. The job plan cancelled due to insufficient applicants will be published on the website of Anhui Provincial Department of Education before July 19th. Applicants who have applied for this position and passed the qualification examination can change their applications from 8: 00 to 12: 00 on July 20th, and will not be accepted after the deadline. For applicants who change their positions, the education bureaus of each county (city, district) should complete the qualification examination before 16:00 on July 20.

4. Candidates who have passed the qualification examination will print the written test admission ticket directly from the information management and service system of "Special Post Plan" from 8: 00 on August 19th to 18:00 on August 21st.

5. Applicants should carefully read the precautions and examination room rules on the written test admission ticket, hold their valid ID card and written test admission ticket, and take the written test at the specified time and place.

(four) organize the examination and on-site qualification review.

The exam is divided into written test and interview. The full marks of written test and interview are all counted as 100 points, and the total test score is calculated according to the written test score accounting for 80% and interview score accounting for 20%, that is, the total test score = written test score ×80%+ interview score ×20%.

1. written test

(1) The written test is conducted in the form of closed book. The written test subjects are divided into junior middle school morality and rule of law, history, geography, physics, chemistry, biology, primary school science, morality and rule of law; Other subjects, regardless of junior high school and primary school, are based on Chinese, mathematics, English, information technology, music, art, physical education and health, mental health and comprehensive practical activities. Each subject has a perfect score of 100 points, including 40 points for comprehensive education knowledge and 60 points for professional knowledge. The comprehensive knowledge of education mainly examines the applicants’ mastery of pedagogy, psychology, educational laws and regulations, curriculum theory and teachers’ moral cultivation. Subject professional knowledge mainly examines the professional knowledge and comprehensive application ability that applicants should have as subject teachers in compulsory education.

(2) Written test time: 9:00-11:30 am on August 22nd.

(3) The written examination shall be unified in the whole province. The test center is located in each shegang city (candidates who apply for the post of susong county take the test in Anqing City), and the specific examination work is implemented by each shegang city under the guidance of the Provincial Department of Education and the Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security.

On August 31, the written test results were announced. Applicants can log on to the website of Anhui Education Department (https://jyt.ah.gov.cn) for enquiry.

Set the minimum score of the written test to 50 points. Those who fail to reach the minimum score will be disqualified from entering the next link.

2. On-site qualification review

(1) The object of on-site qualification review is the person to be interviewed. The candidates to participate in the interview are based on Shegang County (city, district), and the study sections are determined according to the number of disciplines and positions. If the number of plans is 10 or less, it shall be determined according to the ratio of 1: 2, 11-20, 1: 1.8, 21-30, and 31 or more, it shall be determined according to the ratio of 1: 1.5, and the integer digits with decimals shall be rounded by adding one, from high score to low score. The list of candidates for the interview was announced to the public through the website of Anhui Education Department (https://jyt.ah.gov.cn) on September 3rd. The qualification review shall be the specific responsibility of the Education Bureau of each county (city, district). The Education Bureau of Shegang County (city, district) shall timely announce the specific time and place of qualification review. Those who are determined to participate in the interview must accept the on-site qualification review within the time specified by the declared Education Bureau of Shegang County (city, district). During the qualification review, the Education Bureau of each post county (city, district) will conduct it one by one according to the recruitment conditions.

(2) The materials to be provided by the interviewer when accepting the on-site qualification review:

Applicants should provide their original valid resident ID card, diploma (degree) certificate, relevant certificates and certificates required by the recruitment position, written test admission ticket, and the original registration form for special post teachers in 2020 (downloaded and printed from the information management and service system of the "Special Post Plan"). Among them:

① Full-time graduates in 2020 who have not obtained the graduation certificate shall provide the employment registration certificate issued by the provincial education authorities for ordinary college graduates, the original student ID card, and my written commitment to obtain the graduation certificate and the specialty of the graduation certificate is the same as that of the post to be applied for.

(2) Candidates who have completed all the courses specified in the teaching plan, qualified in all subjects, graduated in 2020 but have not yet obtained the graduation certificate, provide their written commitments about obtaining the graduation certificate and the specialty of the graduation certificate is consistent with that of the post they apply for.

(3) National unified enrollment of college graduates in 2018 and 2019 did not implement the work unit during the career selection period. If there is no corresponding teacher qualification certificate or the Certificate of Qualification Examination for Primary and Secondary School Teachers, they must also provide proof of the unit where their files and other related materials are located, and my written commitment about not implementing the work unit during the career selection period.

(4) Those who have no work experience before participating in the "Service Grass-roots Project" and have failed to implement the work unit within 2 years after the service expires and passed the examination, if there is no corresponding teacher qualification certificate or "Certificate of Qualification Examination for Primary and Secondary School Teachers", they must also provide relevant certification materials such as the certificate (appraisal form) of service grass-roots, and materials such as the written commitment of the work unit that they have not implemented.

(5) Students in ordinary colleges and universities who joined the army in the year of graduation and failed to implement their work units within 2 years after retirement (including resumption of school graduation), if there is no corresponding teacher qualification certificate or the Certificate of Qualification Examination for Primary and Secondary School Teachers, they must also provide relevant certification materials such as enlistment notice (or a copy of the stub of enlistment approval), retirement certificate and other materials, as well as my written commitment about the failure to implement the work units.

⑥ In 2018 and 2019, if you have obtained a degree outside China and completed the qualification certification of the education department and have not implemented the work unit, if you have no teacher qualification certificate or Certificate of Qualification Examination for Primary and Secondary School Teachers, you must also provide your written commitment and other materials about the work unit that has not been implemented.

All landowners in the official staff of organs and institutions must also provide proof that the unit and the competent department agree to apply for the exam according to the cadre personnel management authority.

(3) Those who fail to pass the qualification review or fail to participate in the on-site qualification review on time are disqualified from the interview, and the written test scores will be replenished from high to low. The replacement candidates shall be determined by the Education Bureau of Shegang County (city, district) and submitted to the Provincial Department of Education.

(4) Candidates who have passed the qualification review shall be entered into the column of "Qualified Candidates for Interview" in the information management and service system of the "Special Post Plan" in Anhui Province by the education bureaus of each Shegang county (city, district), and an interview notice will be issued on the spot.

(5) The education bureaus of Shegang counties (cities, districts) shall complete the qualification re-examination before September 6th, and export the "List of Qualified Re-examination Passed by Special Post Plan for School Teachers in Rural Compulsory Education in Anhui Province in 2020" from the information management and service system of Anhui Province before 12:00 on September 7th, and report it to the Teachers’ Office of the Provincial Education Department. On September 8th, the Provincial Department of Education published the list of persons with interview qualifications on the website of Anhui Provincial Department of Education.

Step 3 interview

(1) The interview work is organized and implemented by the education, human resources and social security departments of Shegang County (city, district) under the guidance and supervision of the education, human resources and social security departments of Shegang City. The interview questions are unified by each post city. The interview plan shall be formulated by the education, human resources and social security departments of Shegang County (city, district) and implemented after being approved by the education, human resources and social security departments of Shegang City (the interview plan of susong county shall be implemented by susong county after being approved by the education, human resources and social security departments of Anqing City).

(2) The interview mainly examines the basic literacy, appearance and logical thinking, coordination and adaptability, language expression ability and the necessary quality and ability of teaching posts. Out of 100. The interview time for each interviewer is 15 minutes.

(3) The interview will end before September 12th. The specific time is announced by Shegang County (city, district), and applicants can check it on the relevant website of Shegang County (city, district) where they apply. Those who are qualified for the interview will go to the designated place of each Shegang county (city, district) for an interview according to the time published online, with their valid ID card, written test admission ticket and interview notice.

After the interview, each Shegang county (city, district) will determine the list of candidates to participate in the medical examination and inspection according to the total score of the candidates (the written test and interview are combined according to the percentage, and two decimal places will be reserved in the statistical process, rounded off), according to the discipline, from high score to low score (if the total score is tied, it will be based on the written test score of the candidates and the score of "Professional Knowledge" in the written test, from Before September 15th, it will be published on the relevant websites of each Shegang county (city, district), and the list of persons who plan to take part in medical examination and inspection will be entered into the column of "Persons who plan to take part in medical examination and inspection" in the information management and service system of "Special Post Plan" in Anhui Province, so as to generate the number of job vacancies.

(5) Solicit volunteers

Each Shegang county (city, district) in the special post teacher recruitment plan, according to the total score of the exam from high to low, initially draw up the physical examination and inspection objects. If there are still vacancies, the Provincial Department of Education and the Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security will organize voluntary recruitment. The specific implementation plan for soliciting volunteers will be announced separately.

(6) Physical examination and inspection

The physical examination standards shall be implemented with reference to the Standards and Measures for Physical Examination of Applicants for Teacher Qualification in Anhui Province and the Notice of the Provincial Department of Education on Further Improving the Physical Examination of Teacher Qualification. The investigation mainly focuses on the political thought, moral quality, professional ability and work performance (academic performance) of the proposed personnel. Those who fail the physical examination and inspection will be disqualified, and will be replenished from high score to low score according to the total test score (physical examination and inspection will be replenished once each).

(seven) to determine the candidate

Each Shegang county (city, district) determines the list of candidates to be hired according to the total test scores and the results of physical examination and investigation. The Education Bureau of each Shegang county (city, district) inputs the list into the column of "Persons to be hired" in the information management and service system of "Special Post Plan" in Anhui Province, and derives the "List of Teachers to be hired in the Special Post Plan for School Teachers in Rural Compulsory Education in 2020" from the system. The list of teachers with special posts to be hired after examination and determination was publicized on the website of Anhui Education Department (https://jyt.ah.gov.cn) for 5 days.

(8) Pre-job training

Pre-job training is organized by the Provincial Department of Education, and the specific training time and place will be notified separately.

(9) signing an employment contract

The proposed employee and the county (city, district) Education Bureau where the school is located shall sign a three-year Teacher Agreement (sample) for the "Special Post Plan for School Teachers in Rural Compulsory Education Stage" in Anhui Province. The contract shall clearly stipulate the rights and obligations of both the employer and the employee and the conditions for terminating the contract. Applicants who fail to provide the corresponding level of academic qualifications, degrees and other certificates required by the recruitment position before December 31, 2020 will be disqualified.

(10) Take up posts to teach

Before signing the employment contract, the Education Bureau of Shegang County (city, district) will announce the school on the relevant website; After signing the employment contract, the proposed personnel will be arranged by the Education Bureau of Shegang County (city, district) to the post-setting school according to the way of giving priority to high scores.

This "Announcement" is interpreted by the Provincial Department of Education and the Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security.

In 2020, Anhui Province’s "Special Post Plan" will recruit relevant policies and follow-up information such as written examination, interview, physical examination and inspection. Candidates are requested to log on to the website of Anhui Provincial Department of Education and the websites of education departments and human resources and social security departments in various post cities and counties.

This examination does not specify an examination counseling book, and the education and human resources departments at all levels in the province do not hold or entrust any institution to hold an examination counseling training class.

Telephone number for matters related to qualification examination: Please consult the personnel department of the Education Bureau of each Shegang county (city, district) (see Annex 2 for contact information).

Policy consultation telephone numbers: 0551-62822080 (Teachers’ Office of Provincial Education Department) and 0551-62663783 (Management Office of Provincial People’s Social Welfare Department)

Tel: 0551-63609520 (Provincial Education Admissions Examination Institute)

Supervisory reporting telephone number: 0551- 62849194

The above-mentioned consultation services and supervision hotline are used during normal office hours.

Inquiry website: Anhui Education Department website (https://jyt.ah.gov.cn)

For other unfinished matters, please refer to the column of "Special Post Plan for School Teachers in Rural Compulsory Education in 2020" on the website of Anhui Education Department.

Hereby announce

Attachment:

1 Anhui province in 2020, "special post plan" by county to distinguish disciplines post schedule

2. Contact information of the personnel department of the Education Bureau of each Shegang county (city, district)

Anhui Provincial Department of Education Anhui Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security

July 2, 2020

Attachment 1: Post Schedule of Discipline by County in Anhui Province’s "Special Post Plan" in 2020. xls
Attachment 2 Summary of Contact Information of Personnel Department of Education Bureau of each Shegang County (city, district). xls

If we are going to choose a new energy vehicle, we should not only look at the standard cruising range performance of the target model, but also look at its actual cruising range, especially in the cold winter. Of course, due to the limitation of objective conditions, it is not realistic to test by yourself, so you may wish to pay attention to the newly-launched 2022 new energy winter test activity. This winter test covers 54 mainstream models in various price ranges below 100,000, 100,000-200,000, 200,000-300,000 and above 300,000, such as BYD Dolphin, Nezha S, Han EV, Ideal L9, etc., which is very worthy of reference for car consumers.

Since it is a winter test, the temperature at the test site should naturally be low enough. Therefore, this winter test site was selected in Yakeshi City and genhe city, Hulunbeier, Inner Mongolia, where the temperature has dropped to 20 degrees below zero. Testing new energy vehicles in such a low temperature environment can naturally reflect the actual endurance performance and charging technology of the models.

In the endurance test of this winter test, it is limited to the load combination of one driver and one passenger, and the driving mode tends to be daily. At the same time, the braking energy recovery will be carried out in the economic driving mode/the strongest gear, and 100 electric charges will be replenished in advance and the automatic air conditioning temperature setting at 24℃ will be completed.

In addition to the cruising range and charging performance, this test will also evaluate the performance, intelligent cockpit, assisted driving and spatial performance of the model, and present the product strength of the model to the audience in multiple dimensions.

In fact, this is not the first time that Chedi has conducted a winter test of new energy vehicles. At the end of 2012, a related test was also conducted. At that time, 41 mainstream new energy vehicles were evaluated, involving 20 items such as battery life, charging, elk test and climbing, so that consumers can intuitively understand the actual quality of the vehicles. This year’s winter test involves more models and deserves consumers’ attention and expectation.

From October 11th to 13th, a think tank meeting, which has always been known as the authority of China urban rail development, will be held in Shenzhen, "China Urban Rail Transit Owners’ Leaders Summit 2021" to help build a smart urban rail and a strong transportation country.

Taking this opportunity, as the organizer of this conference, Shenzhen Metro will also hold a TOD brand launch conference with the theme of "Arriving at Unlimited Possibility" on October 13th, sharing the pioneering experience of how to use the "track+property" model to continuously feed back the construction and operation of rail transit and build a three-dimensional, efficient and intensive urban ecological space.

Behind the TOD model, which has aroused heated discussion in the industry, there are exciting blueprints:

By the end of 2020, 29 cities in China have carried out TOD comprehensive development, with a total land reserve of nearly 50 million ㎡ and an income increase of about 17 billion yuan. According to the international experience, almost all prosperous areas have central cities as their main platforms, and a strong rail transit network is often their important infrastructure. For example, the rail transit and TOD layout extending in all directions in San Francisco Bay Area, new york Bay Area and Tokyo Bay Area are examples.

In contrast, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is still in the initial stage of TOD territory expansion in metropolitan area, but Shenzhen, the core city, has made a breakthrough from it, explaining the story of urban double engine with urban rail construction and TOD development mode.

Race with the Times: China Urban Rail Transit Towards the New Blue Ocean

As the saying goes, "If you want to be rich, build roads first".

The road is clear, and all industries are prosperous. From China’s first urban rail line, Beijing Metro Line 1, on October 1, 1969, the 8,449-kilometer urban rail transit line that has been put into operation in 49 cities now ranks first in the world (including 6,641 kilometers of subway lines); From being a hundred years behind (the world’s first urban rail was the London Metro, which was opened to traffic in 1863) to becoming a new national business card, the China urban rail has completed a leap-forward development at a speed that shocked the world.

Image source: bigemap map

This criss-crossing urban rail crossing mountains and seas is a symbol of urban roads in the new era, and it also carries the dreams of hundreds of millions of people in China, and embodies the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation to go far away and reach infinite possibilities.

According to incomplete statistics, in 2020, the domestic urban rail network completed a total of 17.59 billion passenger trips, which is equivalent to carrying the total population of the earth more than twice. In the same year, the proportion of urban rail transit passenger traffic in the total public transport passenger traffic nationwide was 38.7%, up 4.1 percentage points year-on-year; Among them, the passenger traffic of urban rail in six cities, including Beishangguangshen Ningrong, accounts for at least half of the country.

Data source: China Urban Rail Association, calculated from the monthly passenger traffic data of central cities published by official website, Ministry of Communications.

Today, China’s economy continues to develop steadily, but the traffic congestion problem is becoming increasingly serious. Undoubtedly, the construction of urban rail transit has been strongly supported by national policies, and it has moved from a big urban rail country to a strong urban rail country.

During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the development of urban rail transit was included in the plan development outline for the first time at the national level, and it was regarded as a major strategy to stimulate the sustainable development of the national economy, especially the economy of big cities.

In 2019, the country launched a new infrastructure strategy. Among the seven key infrastructure areas, the construction of "urban rail transit" is impressively listed;

In the first year of the 14th Five-Year Plan, the Draft Outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan and the Long-term Target in 2035 also proposed that the mileage of urban rail transit in China will increase by 3,000 kilometers during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, and it is estimated that the cumulative passenger traffic will exceed 100 billion passengers during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, and the accumulated investment is expected to reach 1,818.8 billion yuan.

Even if the policy dividend is put aside, urban rail is still a transportation system that competes with the times and has strong endogenous development momentum.

First, from the demand side, even if China is stronger than first-tier cities such as Beijing and Shanghai, its urban rail density still lags far behind that of international metropolises.

Under the background of deepening urbanization, the formed urban agglomerations and metropolitan areas will further release the transportation needs such as logistics and people flow, followed by the continuous increase in the number of private cars, with traffic congestion as a typical urban disease. This means that in the foreseeable future, domestic urban rail transit construction still has a large room for growth.

Second, from the supply side, as of the end of 2020, the network planning of 61 cities nationwide has been approved and under construction, with a line length of 6,797.5 kilometers, accounting for 80% of the total line length currently in operation. Take Shenzhen as an example. According to the plan put forward by the Municipal Transportation Work Conference, by 2025, Shenzhen will build "640 kilometers of urban rail+220 kilometers of railway".

Source: Wind, CITIC Construction Investment

On the other hand, there are more than 100 cities in China that are planning rail transit, and more cities that meet the requirements for subway declaration still have no subways, which means that more supply reserve troops are ready to go. Therefore, it can almost be concluded that with the promotion of "urban integration", the national urban rail system will continue to gain development momentum.

Urban rail, which blooms everywhere, is changing the space-time layout of a city by means of point-to-line and line-to-network, and also broadening the road for the city to a better future.

The orderly operation of a modern city depends on public transportation, and urban rail transit is the first choice for public transportation. Further exploration, the aorta of domestic urban rail transit is the subway.

Source: China Urban Rail Transit Association, as of June 30, 2021.

As an important part of the urban public transportation system, if the basic function of making travel more convenient and faster is put aside, the construction and operation of the project will also promote the development of property and commerce along the surrounding areas, and often form a unique "subway economic belt".

After all, travel is not an end, but arrival.

Exploring the "city" in the city: TOD model empowers the diversified and efficient development of the city

"People come to cities to live, and people live in cities to live better." -Aristotle

China’s urban rail construction has entered the fast lane of speeding up. From a subway to rail transit in major cities all over the country, innovation is still going on, and China’s wisdom is creating the future. Then the soul torture is coming. Besides providing increasingly convenient and fast transportation, what kind of surprises will the urban rail bring to people’s lives?

Due to different personal preferences, the answers are bound to be varied. But the TOD project will be one of the popular answers, which represents people’s yearning for a better life in the era of urban rail transit.

What new species is TOD?

In the past, the development of domestic cities was mainly based on spatial expansion, but now the logic has changed to spatial optimization.

Take Shanghai, where the density of domestic urban rail is at the forefront, when the domestic TOD project has not been introduced, because the subway line construction has been spreading in various districts of Shanghai, the real estate is often developed wherever the rail is built, that is, the "subway house" in the usual sense. Although in this mode, Line 1 has driven Xinzhuang, Line 9 has driven Songjiang and Line 11 has driven Jiading … But this simple and rough development mode is obviously not a long-term solution for big cities with increasingly insufficient land space and increasingly congested cities, and new urban planning urgently needs a dose of "TOD medicine".

When it comes to TOD, I believe that the deepest impression of most people is "the subway is covered". In the ordinary urban rail depot, vehicles used to park in the open air. If a large concrete cover is added on it, then this "cover" is equivalent to re-creating a valuable building land. Under the cover, new properties are built on the cover, which is commonly known as "superstructure property (subway roof)". This creative development idea, on the one hand, solves the problems of land shortage and housing difficulties, on the other hand, realizes the property feeding back to the urban rail and ensures the sustainable development of the urban rail property.

Comparison of the effect of "building property"

It should be noted that the "superstructure" only reflects one aspect of the TOD project, not the whole picture. In the early years, the United States took the lead in proposing a new mode of urban development TOD: transit-oriented-development, that is, an urban development mode centered on public transportation hubs, and establishing a central square or city center with a radius of 400-800 meters. It is no exaggeration to say that the standard TOD is a "mini city center". You can stay in it for a long time, but you can always easily communicate with the outside world.

Therefore, the TOD concept project is by no means equivalent to a subway house. It is not a single residential/commercial area built on the urban rail, nor a simple combination of various formats, but a fusion of life scenes: office, business, residence and other public buildings and landscape environments are integrated into one project, and people can enjoy a suitable street network pattern, work and living space.

Image source: Shenzhen Railway Real Estate

How is the excellent TOD practiced?

In the Shinjuku subway area of Tokyo, there are 17 rail lines gathering here, with 3.64 million people entering and leaving the gate/day, and there are 178 subway exits, the number of which is staggering. It has long been certified by Guinness World Records as the subway station with the largest number of users in the world.

In order to strengthen the link between the station and the surrounding commercial facilities, the developer upgraded the whole area into a more diversified "international exchange city". For example, in the aspect of transfer planning, the seamless connection of underground station, station business, above-ground station and above-ground business has been achieved; In terms of staying experience, more green nodes such as green terraces are added to "embellish" it.

It is not only the newly planned administrative and commercial center in Tokyo, but also a commercial district where department stores and commercial streets gather, and there are many famous enterprise headquarters, which makes the purchasing power of the huge floating population and the empowerment of the city have been qualitatively improved.

Looking back to China, the TOD project has a longer cycle than ordinary property development projects. According to the 3-4 year cycle, the number of follow-up plans, investment demand and business income of the sector may be fed back during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period. In addition, many late-developing cities, such as Guiyang, Nanchang and Lanzhou, are still in the initial stage of rail transit construction, and the lines have not yet been networked. The primary and secondary linkage of land business and TOD project planning have not yet been carried out due to the scale of rail transit. However, in the long run, with more and more urban rail transit plans approved, the market prospect of TOD project development is very broad.

In recent years, many mainland cities have also taken the lead in emerging a number of high-quality TOD projects.

Shanghai’s largest transportation hub, Dahongqiao, is home to airports, high-speed rail, urban rail and expressway. The Vanke Sky City project, which is entrenched here, draws lessons from the Japanese TOD model. Around Xuying Road Station of Line 17, the core of planning is the concept of 15-minute life circle mentioned in Shanghai 2035.

At the moment when the subway construction is in full swing, the TOD exploration road of Shenzhen Railway Real Estate, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Shenzhen Railway Group, also has many remarkable points.

Innovating "Track+Property" Mode and Practicing TOD Development Concept

In the eyes of the industry, TOD requires developers’ overall consideration ability and comprehensive coordination ability because it involves many stakeholders and the design scheme is complex. At present, there are few enterprises that have successfully implemented TDO mode in China, and Shenzhen Railway Real Estate, a subsidiary of Shenzhen Railway Group, is one of the few leading explorers.

The essence of the "track+property" development model of Shenzhen Railway Real Estate Co., Ltd. is the synchronous planning, synchronous design and synchronous construction of superstructure (Shenzhen Railway Real Estate Co., Ltd.) and subway line construction (Shenzhen Railway Construction Co., Ltd.), and provides financial support for the sustainable development of urban rail transit through the development of subway superstructure.

Image source: Shenzhen Railway Real Estate

Perhaps it is also due to the deep coupling with the parent company Shenzhen Metro Group in business collaboration. Shenzhen Railway Real Estate Co., Ltd., which covers two core businesses of property development and hub, has won the top three of the "Top Ten Comprehensive Strength of Shenzhen Real Estate Development Industry" for five consecutive years, and achieved sales of over 10 billion yuan for six consecutive years. As of September, 2021, Shenzhen Railway Property Co., Ltd. has obtained the comprehensive development right of 16 superstructure projects along the track, with a total development scale of 11.07 million ㎡, of which the built delivery area is about 3.9556 million ㎡, the construction area is about 5.44 million ㎡, and the construction area is about 1.666 million ㎡.

Source: Shenzhen Railway Real Estate.

The major TOD projects under Shenzhen Railway Real Estate Co., Ltd. have been completed one after another, which actually reflects the new changes in the development model of TOD in recent years.

First, from "single station independent development" to "district overall planning, station-city integration"

Take the Qianhai International Hub Project of Shenzhen Railway as an example. The planned hub and superstructure projects of this project have a total land area of 20 hectares and a total construction area of about 2.159 million ㎡. Upon completion, it is estimated that the total passenger flow will reach 750,000.

The planning of the project skillfully adopts the design concept of "integration of stations and cities". From the overall planning, Qianhai Hub connects Guangdong and Hong Kong with five lines, and the three-dimensional public transportation is seamlessly connected with the high-end urban complex, so as to build an intensive and three-dimensional 24-hour dynamic community based on Shenzhen Qianhai and radiating the Pearl River Delta and Hong Kong, shape the image of an international modern city window, and form the landmark and regional core of Qianhai District.

In terms of traffic design, on the premise of ensuring efficient transfer of internal pedestrian traffic, it is also connected with surrounding buildings or plots through underground, ground and second-floor pedestrian systems to realize fast and convenient pedestrian contact between the project and the surrounding areas.

Finally, the property and hub implement the concept of "integration" in the whole process of the project through integrated design management, planning, construction and operation.

In the future, in such a comprehensive community with mixed functions, the subway is carrying dreams to shuttle day and night. On the one hand, there are endless trains, on the other hand, there are bustling commercial and office areas, and on the other hand, it is a peaceful and quiet livable place.

Schematic diagram of station-city integration of "Shenzhen Railway Qianhai Transportation Hub"

Second, the transformation from "spatial planning" to "functional planning, spatial planning and integrated design"

The Jin Shang Garden of the subway, jointly presented by two state-owned enterprises, Shenzhen Railway Group and Zhenye Group, is seamlessly connected with Liuyue Station of Metro Line 3, and is a large-scale complex covering residential, apartment, commercial and sports parks.

The project innovatively combines the two values of "subway" and "park", and is adjacent to a large sports park in functional planning, including tennis courts, basketball courts, circular jogging tracks and other facilities; In space planning, brand businesses such as Boxma Xiansheng, China Film International Cinema, Starbucks and Decathlon are gathered to build a metropolis experience.

Third, the transformation from "space design around the site" to "characteristic scene creation" serving people’s life, travel and work needs.

The Shenzhen Railway Reading Mountain Garden Project can be said to have left a rich and colorful stroke for the construction of TOD characteristic scenes of Shenzhen Railway Real Estate. The project is positioned as an ecological zone of universities, a subway metropolis and an elite quality residential area. It is a high-grade elite quality community integrating housing, schools and supporting businesses. Because it is adjacent to well-known universities such as Peking University, Tsinghua and south university of science and technology of china, it has successfully created a characteristic scene of a humanistic university with mountains.

Fourth, change from "development and construction" to "comprehensive operation"

As the first masterpiece of urban high-end residential buildings created by Shenzhen Railway Property, Shenzhen Railway Yifu Project is a 750,000 ㎡ humanistic and ecological complex integrating high-end residential buildings, colorful businesses, sports parks and nine-year education facilities. From the beginning of the design, the project was based on the thinking of comprehensive operation, instead of relying too much on one subway station, it was built on four subway stations: Antuo Mountain, Shenkang, Qiaocheng North and Shenyun. The Antuo Mountain area is connected with Xiangmi Lake and OCT, and it is expected to become a new sample of urban mountain residence.

Schematic diagram of Shenzhen Tieyi Mansion

From "Qianhai International Hub Center" to "Shenzhen Railway House", it is a brand-new exploration and breakthrough again and again for the younger Shenzhen Railway home buyers in the young cities. Relying on the deep accumulation of Shenzhen Railway Group for more than 12 years, Shenzhen Railway Real Estate will continue to deepen the TOD model and build a more anticipated "track+property" map.

Of course, beyond the transformation, we need more persistence. Many TOD classic concepts, such as people-centered, efficient land opening and efficient accessibility, have always run through the long journey of Shenzhen Railway to help residents on the urban rail reach infinite possibilities.

China Quality News Network (Zhang Yang) Recently, China Association of Automobile Manufacturers announced that 15 group standards, such as "Code for the Construction of Shared Substations for Electric Passenger Cars Part I: General Provisions", have been compiled according to the prescribed procedures of "Administrative Measures for the Revision of Standards of China Association of Automobile Manufacturers (Trial Edition)". It was audited by China Automobile Industry Association and officially released on December 20th, 2021. The release of this series of group standards will better promote the development of the electric vehicle industry.

The picture is from the website of China Automobile Industry Association.

The research and formulation of this series of standards lasted for nearly two years, and the relevant units and industry experts conducted many discussions and conducted extensive research work, which was strongly supported by relevant automobile companies, power battery manufacturers and other units, and obtained a large number of constructive suggestions and test data, ensuring the quality of standard preparation. The publication of this series of group standards not only specifies the key core components, technical requirements and general processes of the shared power exchange station for electric passenger cars, but also classifies, standardizes and requires the quick exchange device, communication protocol, locking mechanism, data management, test rules and safety protection.

According to the China Automobile Association, the power exchange mode of electric vehicles not only meets the requirements of promoting the innovation of electric vehicle models, but also solves the difficult problems in the popularization of electric vehicles, bringing new choices and experiences for users’ green and smart travel. Therefore, the publication of the series of group standards of "Code for the Construction of Shared Substations for Electric Passenger Cars" can better promote the development of the electric vehicle industry. The release of this series of group standards will give full play to the characteristics of strong flexibility and wide participation of group standards, and continuously and widely accept the opinions and suggestions fed back by industry units through various channels during the implementation process, and revise them in time to better serve the promotion and application of power exchange mode.

In 2020, the "Government Work Report" included the construction of power exchange station in the scope of new infrastructure construction for the first time, and the policy began to encourage the application of power exchange mode. Since then, more and more mainstream car companies have begun to join the camp of power exchange mode. Among them, Weilai Automobile, Beiqi New Energy, SAIC, Geely Automobile, Guangzhou Automobile Group, etc. have all introduced models of power-changing mode.

However, there is a gap between the vehicle technology and battery standards of various enterprises, and there is a lack of unified industry standards, so there are also great differences in the construction standards of power exchange stations, which leads to many difficulties in sharing power exchange stations.

With the publication and promotion of the series of group standards of "Code for the Construction of Shared Substation for Electric Passenger Cars", the shared substation will gather various power exchange requirements of different brands and models, integrate and unify the scattered power exchange stations, and exert the potential of a single substation to a greater extent without changing the total number of constructions.