Talk about the economy ｜ Innovation leads the high-quality development of emerging industries

　　Author: Yang Danhui, director and researcher of emerging industries research office, Institute of Industrial Economics, China Academy of Social Sciences.

　　Emerging industries are an important force guiding future economic development. Developing emerging industries, especially strategic emerging industries, is an inevitable requirement of social and economic development, and it is also an important content of accelerating the development of modern industrial system and building a socialist modern country in an all-round way during the 14 th Five-Year Plan period. In the new development stage, we should firmly grasp the opportunity of "lane change and overtaking" brought by the new scientific and technological revolution, step up the layout of the development of emerging industries, gather the joint efforts of innovation and reform with new development concepts, lead China’s economy into a "new track" and empower the construction of modern industrial system with high quality.

　　Realistic basis and favorable conditions for realizing high-quality development of emerging industries

　　In the 14th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Outline of Long-term Goals in 2035, "building a new pillar of industrial system" and "planning future industries in a forward-looking way" are regarded as an important starting point for developing and expanding strategic emerging industries and accelerating the development of modern industrial system. In recent years, governments at all levels have attached great importance to emerging technologies and the development of future industries. Many provinces and cities have written the development of future industries into the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" and included it in the long-term goal of optimizing and upgrading the local economic system in 2035, and innovation investment, industrial support, financial support and talent policies have gradually been put in place. At the same time, taking the opportunity of promoting new infrastructure, the upgrading of China’s digital infrastructure has ushered in an investment boom. With the commissioning of new infrastructure projects such as 5G, smart energy and intelligent transportation, China’s advantages in infrastructure have been consolidated and upgraded, laying a solid foundation for the high-quality development of emerging industries.

　　It should be noted that after the accelerated industrialization since the reform and opening up, China has complete industrial categories, complete industrial system and strong supporting capacity, and has become the world’s largest manufacturing country for 11 consecutive years by 2020, which not only endows China’s economy with strong resilience against various external risks, but also provides rich basic data, mature application scenarios and diversified market demand for new technologies, new industries and new modes such as industrial internet, intelligent manufacturing and digital twins. At the same time, continuous investment and accumulation in science and technology have greatly improved the overall level of China’s scientific and technological development, and major breakthroughs have been made in the scientific and technological fields such as 5G, artificial intelligence, supercomputing and quantum information that support the development of emerging industries. On many "new tracks" of international scientific and technological competition, China has begun to change from a learner and receiver of the achievements of previous industrial revolutions to an initiator of original innovation and a provider of standards and rules.

　　Further benefiting from the advantages of super-large domestic market, massive data generated by production and consumption, and relatively relaxed regulatory policy environment, China is rapidly growing into a digital economy power, with all-round efforts in technology research and development, business model innovation and core values, and gradually has the conditions to build a digital power. The "non-contact" intelligent response to demand generated by the COVID-19 epidemic has accelerated the entry of emerging technologies and business models such as big data, cloud computing, blockchain, industrial Internet and smart medical care into a state of "actual combat". China’s important position as a global leader in digital economy has been consolidated and enhanced, which is conducive to cultivating the ecosystem needed for the development of emerging industries.

　　It should be emphasized that private enterprises play an important role in the development of emerging industries at this stage. On the one hand, large Internet enterprises in China have increased their investment in big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, driverless and other fields, their technical capabilities have improved rapidly, and their market strength in related industries has continued to increase; On the other hand, with the increasingly active activities of "double innovation", some domestic innovation and entrepreneurship teams aim at the development direction of global cutting-edge science and technology and continue to track research and development, and a number of unicorn enterprises and industry invisible champions have been developed in various sub-sectors of emerging industries, and the composition of market entities has been gradually optimized.

　　Innovation leads the high-quality development of emerging industries

　　Based on the new stage of development, we should do our best to optimize the development ecology of emerging industries. Insist on innovation-driven, highlight self-control, forge a long board with strength, and turn the national strategic demand into the driving force to enhance the strength of scientific and technological innovation and build a modern industrial system. On the basis of persistently strengthening basic research and development, we will set up a number of large-scale scientific research plans and implementation projects with global leadership in the future, and accelerate the formation of a number of future industries. At the same time, we will promote policy integration and tool innovation in science and technology, industry, finance, taxation, investment, finance, trade, employment and environment, jointly support major scientific and technological innovations in emerging fields, research and development of core technologies and key components, market development and renewal of consumption concepts, construction of technology and product standard systems, extension and enhancement of industrial chains, and reconstruction of competition norms and trade rules, so as to foster new advantages in international competition.

　　Therefore, first, we should improve the system and mechanism of scientific and technological innovation, further rationalize the transformation mechanism of scientific and technological achievements, strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights, improve the incentive effect of innovation, and accelerate the commercialization and marketization process in emerging fields. Second, we must increase investment in new infrastructure construction, simultaneously promote the development of digital economy and the construction of a smart society, and open up various digital ports. Through government procurement, we will improve the market awareness and recognition of new products and new models, guide consumption upgrading, and help fully release the market potential of emerging industries. Third, we must create a fair competitive industry development environment. On the one hand, encourage all kinds of capital to invest in an orderly manner and promote the diversified development of market players in emerging industries. On the other hand, we will continue to optimize the trading mechanism of data elements and the distribution method of data income, scientifically predict the changes in the organizational structure of emerging industries and their impacts, innovate the supervision mode, earnestly safeguard the digital rights and interests of enterprises, and protect the privacy and safety of consumers. Fourth, we must step up the formulation and implementation of new employment plans, reform the professional settings in colleges and universities, and vigorously train a new generation of information technology engineers such as artificial intelligence algorithm engineer, big data development engineers, cloud transportation management engineers, and experts in intelligent manufacturing solution development. The government, the market, enterprises and individuals have jointly invested, and tailored suitable knowledge re-engineering and capacity improvement programs for on-the-job employees to build a digital workforce echelon and expand new jobs. Fifth, we should persist in open and integrated innovation, create conditions, build consensus, overcome obstacles, and explore new Fang Xiangxin opportunities for international scientific and technological innovation cooperation.Focusing on building a digital rule system, promoting the formation of a carbon trading mechanism, and responding to major emergencies, we will jointly open a new global governance model of digital transformation, low-carbon development, public health and human health.