爱上海419论坛|夜上海论坛|上海龙凤论坛|上海后花园品茶论坛

　　Dental health is an important symbol of national health.

　　The fourth national oral health epidemiological survey shows that the situation of children suffering from dental caries is on the rise; Middle-aged people have poor periodontal condition; The oral health of the elderly is improving, but there are still some problems.

　　Tooth is the beginning of digestive tract, and its chewing function is related to the nutritional intake of human body and maintains the energy balance of the body. For example, infections and inflammatory factors in the oral cavity can cause or aggravate chronic diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and diabetes, and affect the quality of life. Therefore, dental health is not a trivial matter. To improve the health literacy of the whole people, we should not ignore dental health.

　　On the one hand, the dental diseases of Chinese residents are caused by the changes in lifestyle and diet structure, and people’s intake of sugary foods and sugary drinks has increased, which has increased the risk of dental caries. On the other hand, many people lack oral health knowledge, which leads to dental diseases for life.

　　Chinese often said "old-fashioned". In fact, when people are old, their teeth are not necessarily old. "Old teeth" are not necessarily because they are old, but probably because their teeth are sick. If you don’t want to lose your teeth, you should start with dolls and oral health knowledge.

　　This edition will launch the trilogy of "Healthy Through Train and Tooth Protection" from now on, focusing on the dental health problems of children, adults and the elderly respectively, clarifying the misunderstanding of nursing and introducing the common sense of protection, so please pay attention.

　　— — compiler

　　With people’s attention to oral health and tooth beauty, the demand for orthodontics in children is increasing.

　　Orthodontics refers to the correction of teeth and the removal of deformities of teeth and jaws. Many parents found their children’s dental problems early and tend to "start from childhood".

　　So, what are the misunderstandings in children’s orthodontics? What should I do if my child’s teeth are irregular and asymmetrical? Our reporter interviewed Hu Wei, chief physician of Orthodontics Department of Peking University Stomatological Hospital.

　　Who should I treat my crooked teeth?

　　You should go to the orthodontics department of stomatological hospital or the orthodontics specialty of stomatological clinic.

　　Reporter: If you want to correct your child’s teeth, can you find a general dentist to treat it?

　　Hu Wei: First of all, it should be emphasized that the problem of correcting children’s teeth is not to find a dental department, but to find an orthodontist, not a general dentist.

　　General dentists don’t know much about the mechanism of dentofacial deformity, and they don’t know much about the growth and development of children’s teeth and jaws. Naturally, they are not familiar with the best correction opportunity and method of dentofacial deformity, which may delay the correction of children. In the orthodontics clinic, it happened that the doctor who filled the child’s teeth was correcting the child’s teeth at the same time. Because he didn’t make a comprehensive diagnosis and treatment design, he only focused on the correction of the tooth irregularity. As a result, the teeth were initially lined up, but the problem of the child’s jaw dysplasia became more and more serious. When he found an orthodontist, he missed the best time to correct the jaw dysplasia. This can be described as "picking up sesame seeds but losing watermelon".

　　The growth and development of children’s teeth and jaws and the correction of various dentofacial deformities are the key contents that orthodontists study and pay attention to. Only orthodontists can comprehensively evaluate the types and degrees of children’s tooth and jaw deformities and their growth and development, make a comprehensive and correct diagnosis, and take targeted early correction. Every child’s teeth and jaw deformities are personalized, and early corrective methods and appliances for these problems should fully reflect individuality.

　　Therefore, when children’s teeth are found to be crooked or can’t grow, they should go to the orthodontics department of stomatological hospital or the orthodontics specialty of stomatological clinic.

　　How to determine the timing of correction?

　　Some tooth deformities can wait, and some can’t; You don’t have to wait until the deciduous teeth are replaced before correcting them.

　　Reporter: Can a child’s deciduous teeth be corrected when they have not been replaced?

　　Hu Wei: The concept that "deciduous teeth cannot be corrected until they have been replaced" is deeply rooted in many people’s hearts, even including some dentists.

　　In fact, some tooth deformities can wait, while others can’t, because the best time for correction is fleeting. For example, the deformities that affect the growth and development of the jaw, such as lower teeth and facial deviation, need to be corrected as soon as possible. Considering the children’s ability to cooperate with orthodontic treatment, girls and boys can start early correction of lower teeth and facial deviation at the age of about 4 and 5, and no later than 8 years old. For another example, some primary school students will have some bad oral habits, such as licking or biting their fingers, sticking out their tongues or licking new teeth with their tongues, biting their lips, etc. These habits must be corrected in time, otherwise it will affect the normal development of jaws and teeth, leading to dentofacial deformities. Some problems in children’s tooth replacement also need to be corrected as soon as possible. The reason why many parents bring their children to see a doctor is that the deciduous teeth have been lost for a long time, but they can’t see the permanent teeth growing out. In fact, it is because the child’s permanent teeth have problems in the growth process and cannot erupt (impacted teeth) on their own. These conditions need to be diagnosed and corrected as soon as possible after being discovered. Some children suffer from allergic rhinitis, tonsils and adenoids, which affect the normal breathing of the nose. They need to open their mouths to breathe, and in the long run, they will also have more obvious jaw and tooth deformities. This kind of problem needs to be diagnosed and treated in otorhinolaryngology department first, and the swollen tonsils and adenoids should be removed to make the respiratory tract unobstructed, and then an orthodontist should be found to correct it.

　　Therefore, after the replacement of deciduous teeth, many children’s dentofacial deformities have missed the best opportunity for correction. Whether children and adolescents need early orthodontic treatment, when to treat them, and what kind of correction methods to use need to be determined by orthodontists according to the types and degrees of children’s dentofacial deformities and their growth and development.

　　Find the deformity and treat it quickly?

　　It depends on the specific situation. Parents should not worry too much.

　　Reporter: So, is it better to correct your child’s teeth as soon as possible?

　　Hu Wei: In sharp contrast to the view that "deciduous teeth can’t be corrected before they are replaced", some parents are too anxious about their children’s tooth deformities and always want to correct them as soon as possible. Parents’ mood is understandable, but it depends on the specific situation.

　　As mentioned above, lower teeth, crooked face, bad oral habits (biting fingers, spitting out tongue, etc.), mouth-opening breathing caused by tonsil and adenoid enlargement, impacted teeth and supernumerary teeth need early detection and treatment. For the short chin (mandibular retraction deformity), we should wait until the peak of the child’s growth and development to temporarily correct it, so that we can get twice the result with half the effort. Generally, the growth and development peak of girls is between 10 and 12 years old, and boys are two years later than girls, and their growth and development peak is mostly between 12 and 14 years old.

　　In addition, there is no need to worry about some temporary tooth deformities during children’s tooth replacement, such as cracks between maxillary incisors (central incisors) and crowns of maxillary incisors (lateral incisors) sticking out to both sides. This is because when the central incisor erupts, the root of the central incisor is squeezed by the lateral incisor that has not erupted, and the crown of the lateral incisor is against the root of the central incisor, which causes the central incisor to tilt to both sides, resulting in crevices. However, the "brothers" have not been separated for a long time. After the lateral incisors erupt, the crowns of the central incisors will also be squeezed. At that time, the two front teeth will gradually move closer to the middle and eventually return to the correct position.

　　The most common phenomenon during children’s tooth replacement is that the front teeth grow in and out, which is irregular (crowded dentition). These are mainly due to the immature jawbone, the newly grown permanent teeth are much larger than the deciduous teeth, and the space of the original deciduous teeth can not meet the needs, so there is a contradiction between supply and demand in the dentition, and several newly grown permanent teeth have to be wronged. With the growth and development of maxilla and mandible, the dental arch will increase. The "home" has become bigger, and the permanent teeth that were originally crowded together will automatically adjust their positions, and the degree of crowding will be improved. The replacement period of primary and permanent teeth can be said to be an "ugly duckling" stage that children have to go through. Parents should not worry too much. Many cases of crowded dentition can get better by themselves after the jaw develops.

　　Therefore, when a child is found to have teeth misaligned, an orthodontist should be asked to conduct a comprehensive examination and evaluation, so as to determine when to correct. Many children with crowded dentition can wait until the deciduous teeth are replaced before treatment, which can not only shorten the treatment course, but also save the treatment cost and obtain better curative effect.

　　Don’t worry if the deciduous teeth are broken?

　　Should be treated in time, as far as possible to keep rather than easily pull out.

　　Reporter: Many people think that deciduous teeth will be replaced by permanent teeth in the future anyway, and it won’t matter if they are broken, and there is no need to treat them. Is that so?

　　Hu Wei: This is a wrong idea. Although deciduous teeth only stay in the mouth for a relatively short period of time, they play an important role.

　　Poor deciduous teeth will directly affect children’s eating and chewing and digesting food, which is not conducive to children’s growth and development. The health of deciduous teeth is also very important for the development of children’s jaws. If the deciduous teeth are broken (mostly decayed teeth) and the teeth are not filled in time, children will not want to eat with the teeth with bad teeth. Over time, they will develop the bad habit of unilateral chewing, which will lead to abnormal jaw development and facial asymmetry. Some children’s upper front teeth are broken due to improper feeding methods (mostly bottle caries of deciduous teeth), and they are not treated in time. As a result, there are no upper front teeth when the children are very young. This is likely to lead to the occurrence of undertoothing in the future. If the deciduous teeth are not treated in time, it will also cause root inflammation, which will further interfere with the development of the permanent tooth germ immediately below them.

　　Primary teeth are the guide for the eruption of permanent teeth. Without guidance, permanent teeth will either not grow or grow in the wrong direction. The existence of deciduous teeth can provide shelter for the permanent teeth in the future. If it breaks down or falls off prematurely, the adjacent teeth will occupy this space, causing the permanent teeth to be replaced later to have nowhere to live, resulting in the teeth either growing crooked or not growing out (impacted teeth).

　　Therefore, if the deciduous teeth are broken, they should be treated in time and kept as much as possible instead of being pulled out easily. If the deciduous teeth are so bad that they must be pulled out, they should be examined by an orthodontist, and a corresponding gap retainer (gap retainer) should be made and placed at the pulled-out deciduous teeth to prevent the adjacent teeth from moving, so as to reserve space for the permanent teeth that will grow here in the future. There are various types of gap holders, which are selected and used by orthodontists according to the development of children’s teeth and jaws.

　　In order to develop children’s teeth healthily, parents should first raise their awareness of protecting their children’s deciduous teeth, and regularly check their teeth at the dental clinic. Secondly, they should find an orthodontist for professional diagnosis and treatment in time if they find abnormal tooth development, so as to lay the foundation for their children to have a good tooth in the future.

Agitation and resistance

Sidelights on the Development of Rock Music in Xi ‘an

Text | hammer

01

Writing the rock history of any China city is inseparable from its birthplace: Beijing. From a historical point of view, Beijing represents the center of Chinese rock and roll, from which rock and roll radiates to other cities, thus forming an influence. The first Chinese rock band recognized by the industry was Wan Li Ma Wang, which was founded in Beijing Foreign Studies University around 1980. It mainly covered the works of The Beatles and other established bands, and this year was considered as the first year of Chinese rock.

The word "Wan Li Ma Wang" seems to have nothing to do with it, but the source is quite interesting: the band members heard that there was a swift horse in North Korea, and several people’s surnames were just Wan, Li, Ma and several kings, covering it, so Wan Li Ma Wang Band was established.

Strictly speaking, "Wan Li Ma Wang" bears the imprint of a campus band, and only a handful of performances were performed in the school. At that time, people’s understanding of literary programs was still in the period of recitation, solo and chorus, and such a band excited the teachers and students of the school. Before the wish of performing outside the school came true, the band broke up. What’s more, it’s a pity that the band didn’t leave any information.

This is not so much Chinese rock music around 1980 as it is just Beijing rock music. Before 1985, the word "rock and roll" was still blank in Xi ‘an, and only some people came into contact with European and American music sporadically. At that time, most of the channels for contacting European and American music came from the staff and relatives of the government and multinational companies. Although Beyond Band in Hong Kong was established as early as 1983, it did not have much influence on rock music in the Mainland. At this stage, people who come into contact with rock music (European and American music) in Xi ‘an can’t be counted specifically. People who are familiar with rock music in Xi ‘an firmly believe that the time when rock music appeared in Xi ‘an does not lag behind Beijing and other places.

According to Ali, the lead singer of the Xinjiang band "Return" who came to Xi ‘an for development, Xu Fei of Xiying Factory was the representative of the early Xi ‘an rock music. Xu Fei, a singer, went to Shenzhen for development in 1985. In 1986, he published China’s first rock album "Rock Night on Rock Station". This album has no data to check, and it has not been mentioned in the history of Chinese rock. Whether it is China’s first rock album remains to be discussed. Ali recalled that in 1983 or 1984, in a film co-produced by Xi ‘an Film Studio and Inner Mongolia Film Studio, I saw pictures of several bands, which were said to be the electro-acoustic bands of Xi ‘an Xinlei Orchestra.

In 1986, Cui Jian formed the seven plywood Band and published the first album "The Prodigal Son". Today, this is an album full of Taiwanese folk songs in the 1980s, which has nothing to do with "rock". At that time, Cui Jian was just 25 years old, and her pronunciation was clear and her voice was smooth, which was totally different from what she is now. Many people who heard this album for the first time were surprised by the sound changes before and after Cui Jian.

In 1986, Teresa Teng became a household name, which reflected people’s enthusiasm for new things at that time. More young people wore long or semi-long hair and permed their hair. It was fashionable to have a Sanyo tape recorder, wear jeans (bell bottoms) and dance in break dancing. The word "rock" began to appear among some young people, and electro-acoustic bands began to appear in the song and dance troupes in the country since the age of acupuncture. "Going to the cave", a legendary word, is extremely important in the history of rock music, but few people talk about it. At that time, there were many specific words closely related to rock music, which became the special jargon that people connected with each other in the performance market at that time. The performance is called "going to the cave", the labor fee is called "blocking the pestle", and the organizer is called "the head of the cave", and there are also different classifications of "the cave". Those who don’t get the money are called "the water cave" and those who are particularly popular are called "the fire cave".

It was a special era. The reform and opening up achieved initial results, the economy expanded rapidly, the people’s material life improved, there were more requirements for cultural life, and the performance market was unprecedentedly prosperous. Most rock people who have experienced that era have the impression that they earn a lot of money. Many well-known bands and musicians have gone through the cave: Tang Dynasty, Panther, Xu Wei … This is also the enlightenment era of Chinese rock, and the "seven plywood" composed by Cui Jian and Liu Yuan and the "tumbler" composed by Sun Guoqing and Cang Tianshuo have become famous. In 1986, Cui Jian sang "Nothing" at the "Concert of 100 Singers to Commemorate the International Year of Peace" held in Beijing, which influenced the national rock music of that era, including Xi ‘an.

Zhang Chu was unknown at that time. He tried to write his own songs when he was a student. It is said that "Going out to Yang Guan in the West" was completed in those years. In 1987, Zhang Chu, who studied in the Department of Civil Engineering of Shaanxi Mechanical Institute (now Xi ‘an University of Technology), dropped out of school and went to Beijing to develop alone, and soon published his first album. In 1991, Sister became one of the most important songs in Chinese rock music.

Zhang Chu is one of the indispensable keywords of rock music in Xi ‘an. At present, there are few systematic and complete information about this lonely rock singer. It is not impossible to piece together past information and interviews, but does anyone really care about the story behind a singer? The answer must be: not necessarily.

In 1988, Northwest Wind released by China Record Shanghai Company was born, which shocked a generation, with Fan Linlin’s My Hometown in Love, Cui Jian’s Nothing, Hang Tianqi’s Loess Plateau and Xintianyou as the most prominent ones, and was regarded as the "rock music" of that era. Cui Jian’s performance in Seoul Olympic Games was broadcast on CCTV, and rock music further appeared in Xi ‘an people’s field of vision. In the same year, the first truly recorded rock band in Xi ‘an, Instant Band, was established (later renamed Impact Band), with lead singers Fanny, guitar Xu Dongpo, bass Song Baoli and eight pounds keyboard. The members of the band have been active in the rock list of Xi ‘an in the following years. The appearance of this band has led a large number of people to embark on the road of musicians, spontaneous dances have become the stage of the band, and more people have begun to learn musical instruments. Many of these bands and musicians later participated in the nationwide acupuncture activities.

Rock on the New Long March released by Cui Jian in 1989 became the first rock album recognized in the history of Chinese rock. Although not many people have heard of this album, Cui Jian has become a "rock star" at that time (most people know Cui Jian but have never heard of Cui Jian’s songs, because the history of this album version is very complicated. The Hong Kong version and the Taiwan Province version were released by China Tourism Audio-visual Publishing House, and the other version was released by EMI Hong Kong Company and Koden Company in Taiwan Province. After that, EMI in Japan and Koden in Taiwan Province released the Japanese version and Koden republished it respectively. At that time, "Nothing" was also covered by many singers such as Liu Huan and Sun Guoqing, and it spread very fast. The enlightenment of many rockers is not so much Cui Jian as the song "Nothing". In 1990, Cui Jian came to Xi ‘an to perform. The audience was mostly college students, and everyone applauded with the singing. Cui Jian influenced more people and made them take the road of rock music.

In 1991, the East Lion Orchestra was established, and its members changed several times, becoming one of the most well-known names among the older generation bands in Xi ‘an. In the same year, China Fire 1 was released. The first song was Sister by Xi ‘an singer Zhang Chu. This album inspired more people to form a band. The band of the Tang Dynasty and Black Panther band released albums one after another, and rock music formed a camp, and then the number of dances in Xi ‘an increased significantly, and musicians began to popularize.

In 1992, the Flying Band was founded, with lead singer Xu Wei and guitar Takamatsu as its core members. There are bassist Tong Tong, keyboard player Ba Jin and drummer Zhang Laosan, which are considered as the best musicians in Xi ‘an at that time. At the same time, many musicians did not give up the point, and often traveled between Xi ‘an and other places. Most bands were not formal. At the end of 1993, the first performance of Fei Band in Xi ‘an International Studies University caused a sensation. The theater of 1,000 people was packed with 3,000 spectators, and the band performed five works. In February 1994, the Flying Band went to Chengdu to perform, which was very sensational. After the performance, it was interviewed by Chengdu Radio and major newspapers and magazines. In July 1994, Fei Band went to Yinchuan to attend the Northwest Rock Festival, and performed in Yinchuan Gymnasium with three other bands from Lanzhou, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia. The excellent finale performance attracted the attention of local media, and the live recording of the performance and the exclusive interview with the band were broadcast on Yinchuan Radio. After returning to Xi ‘an, Fei Band accepted a live interview with Shaanxi Literature and Art Station, and the Demo of the band’s songs was also played many times on the radio, which had a strong response. At the same time, Xu Wei began to be a guest at the Literature and Art Station to introduce western rock music.

However, the good times didn’t last long, because the band had no financial resources and other reasons, the contradictions among band members began to intensify. Until now, the contradictions among flying bands are still circulating, and there are many versions, which are difficult to distinguish between true and false. In 1994, Xu Wei left for Beijing, and the Flying Band temporarily stopped performing.

02

In those years, Chinese rock records emerged one after another. Apart from band and individual albums, platter became another major form of rock records. Well-known are Red Rock released in 1991, China Fire 1 released in 1992 and Rock Beijing 1 released in 1993. Among them, "Fire in China 1" and "Rock Beijing 1" have become classic records in the rock platter because they contain many famous bands.

In May, 1994, Zhang Mengmeng, who formed the Black Spider Band in Beijing, left the team and made "Southern Rock-Storm No.1 1994 in Guangzhou" (hereinafter referred to as "Southern Rock No.1"), including three bands in Shenzhen and seven bands in Guangzhou. The Southern Rock 1, which is dominated by Guangzhou Band, seems to be nothing remarkable in Xi ‘an Band, and the rockers in Xi ‘an have the idea of publishing their own works. Indeed, most of the musicians in "Southern Rock 1" are young, with uneven technical level. At the same time, they lack the strong rhythm of northern rock, and the over-commercialized allocation makes Xi ‘an rock people disdain.

The name "Southern Rock" is also considered by some people to be obviously rival to Beijing Rock, and immediately after its publication, it attracted fierce ridicule and booing from Beijing rock groups, which also led to people’s indifference and disdain for Southern Rock 2 published in 1995.

The opportunity appeared in 1995, when Zhang Yu planned the "Longdu Rock Concert", and the scene was bursting. At the concert, many musicians were performed by this band and then followed by other bands. Guitarist Wu Yixin and bassist Doudou were both musicians of Bo Band, RMB Band and Dust-free Band, drummer Zhang Chi was also the drummer of Xi ‘an Band, Bo Band, RMB Band and Dust-free Band, keyboard player Feng Jiyong was also the drummer of Bo Band and Dust-free Band, and guitarist Xu Dong Po and drummer Chen Jia were also the space. In those years, because of the high requirements of the band, the musicians who made their debut enthusiastically pursued personal skills and rehearsed very seriously, and grew into excellent musicians in Xi ‘an and even China. At the same time, this concert influenced more people to choose to play rock music, which greatly promoted the rock music in Xi ‘an. Subsequently, the idea of Xi ‘an Band publishing their own works became a reality, and "Rock in the West of China" was published on tape, which included the works of all the bands participating in the "Longdu Rock Concert". The bands and musicians appearing in the collection are recognized as the earliest rockers in Xi ‘an. The release of tapes has also promoted the fiery atmosphere of rock and roll in Xi ‘an.

In 1996, musicians spontaneously formed a music alliance, with Gao Song and Xu Dong Po, who were highly prestigious at that time, as the chairmen. At the same time, Gao Song reorganized the flying band and took the lead in holding many performances on campus and in the society. Due to the lack of funds, almost all performances started friends to find performance equipment such as speakers, and many engineering lines needed for performances were done by themselves. This performance lasted for three or four years. Since 1997, Li Quntao has organized foreign bands to perform large-scale performances. The names that often appear on the list are Panther, Tang Dynasty, Overload and Cobra. These Beijing bands frequently perform in Xi ‘an, and Xi ‘an has become another base for them after Beijing. These two years are the first golden age of rock and roll in Xi ‘an.

Since 1996, platter-like records have mushroomed, and the works of Xi ‘an Band have been published in the national public platter. Among them, Very Rock 2 released by Beijing Jingwen Records Co., Ltd. in 1997 included Freedom by Chrysanthemum and Knife Band and Retention by Flying Band. In 1998, "Rock Times" included Flying Band’s Back to Dream, and "Modern Sky 1" included Flying Band’s West Sun. In 2000, Modern Sky Audio Music Magazine 6 included a demo by Suni, the lead singer of Bitter Kids; I am You by Chen Yong, the lead singer of Sleeping Bag; Don’t Think Too Much by Gao Song, the guitarist of Flying Band; and Sunflowers in Cloudy Days by Chrysanthemum and Knife. From 1996 to 2000, the tape transited to CD, and the carrier of transmission changed. In those years, there was no professional recording studio in Xi ‘an, and recording was still a luxury for the band. The so-called "underground records" without record numbers were not accepted by that era. The requirement of recording equipment limits the development of the band, and they can only rely on record companies. Everyone thinks that it is the right way to have a chance to be officially published or a demo to be seen by a record company and then release a record.

03

In 1997, Liu Wen, who had formed a band in the painter’s village of Yuanmingyuan in Beijing, returned to Xi ‘an and opened the first musical instrument store in Xi ‘an: Oasis Musical Instrument Store. At that time, musical instruments were often overcrowded, and playing guitar was a cool thing.

In 1998, Du Kai, the lead singer of Boiling Point Band, formed the "Xi ‘an Rock Youth Federation" and began to hold a large-scale campus tour. A new generation of bands have been formed one after another, which is attributed to the accumulation of rock music in China for more than ten years, the influence of the earliest bands in Xi ‘an, and the performances of some Beijing bands and local bands held by Li Quntao’s "Peace HUOSE" and other bars on weekends. The old bands are not as active as before, and new bands are ready to move. With the rock performance of People’s Theatre in 1999 and the first 505 concert, more and more bands were formed, including Mucus Band, Giant Apple Band, CANKERED CORPSE, etc., but most of them broke up and broke up, and finally they could not get rid of the fate of dissolution. From 1998 to 2000, it was the transition period of rock music in Xi ‘an, and the old bands gradually withdrew from the stage.

During this period, Koudai experienced five years of development in Xi ‘an, and the regional market was very mature. Shops selling Koudai were widely known, and a large number of European and American rock music were accepted by more and more people, which also opened the horizons of many bands. Just like when rock music first entered China in the 1980s, there are more different styles of music in the mouthpiece, which makes everyone enthusiastic, and rock music is full of various possibilities. The enthusiasm for the tape has created the tape industry. The major record companies in the West deal with the backlog of products, which should have melted down the crushed records and sold them to China as garbage after being punched or punched. These "special products" have created the rapid fission of Chinese rock style. In the early days, they all sold the sky-high price of 80-100 yuan, which was unimaginable when a tape averaged 10-20 yuan. In those years, people engaged in this industry made money. People in those days had almost no way to understand world music except oral tapes.

The more you know, the more possibilities you have. The styles of rock bands in Xi ‘an are diversified, including CANKERED CORPSE in Death Metal Style, Mucus Band in New Metal Style, Repair Tank Band, Demon Core Band in Punk Style, and Hidden Band … Most of the bands in this period have no performances, so they are unknown. Even if there is a performance, it is only limited to small-scale venues such as campus, and it is difficult for bands to know and understand each other. Perhaps because of this, the bands at this stage have their own understanding of the environment at that time, with great gaps and differences. All this stems from the immaturity of the performance market.

This situation didn’t change until 2001, when the first Hanyao Music Festival was held, all-night performances and more than 20 new bands appeared, which made people exclaim that there were so many bands in Xi ‘an. This music festival has also become the first large-scale outdoor music festival in Xi ‘an rock history.

At the end of 2001, influenced by rock music, Theway, acting as the speaker of British Rogers, opened the Eight and a Half Bar. Soon, Liu Wencheng, the boss of Oasis Musical Instrument Store, set up the Oasis Music Network, which was managed by his friend Cao Shi. In the early days of its establishment, the 8 1/2 Bar only showed movies and undertook a small number of drama performances. Even so, it still attracted a large number of young artists, including action art, media people and excellent screenwriters. Oasis Music Network was a small forum in its early days, and its registered members were only some friends who often came to Oasis Musical Instrument Store and netizens of Cao Shi. But no one can imagine that in the next few years, they will jointly create another golden age of rock and roll in Xi ‘an.

……

Author: hammer

Publishing House: Lujiang Publishing House

Publication year: July, 2015

(This article is an excerpt from "Agitation and Resistance —— Sidelights on the Development of Rock Music in Xi ‘an")

Editor: Yan He Picture: Network

Contemporary cultural observer

　　Adhering to ecological priority and green development, Anhui has taken a series of measures in rectifying outstanding environmental problems, optimizing ecological spatial layout and promoting green transformation of economic development. The quality and stability of the ecosystem in Wanjiang area have gradually improved, and economic, social and ecological benefits have continued to emerge.

　　The Yangtze River flows through Anhui for more than 400 kilometers, which is called "800 Li Wanjiang". In recent years, Anhui has insisted on joint protection and no development, and built a beautiful Yangtze River (Anhui) economic belt with "excellent water and green industry" in an all-round way, and the quality and stability of the ecosystem in Anhui section of the Yangtze River have been continuously improved.

　　Do a good job of "water" article to ensure Higashi Shimizu flow

　　Cihu River is the "mother river" of Maanshan City. Affected by industrial pollution, this small tributary, whose runoff is not long and eventually flows into the Yangtze River, turned into a stinky river a few years ago, becoming a "stain" in the eyes of many citizens and a "pain point" in their hearts. In recent years, Maanshan has made great efforts to carry out the regulation of the middle reaches of Cihu River, with remarkable results. The water is clear, the shore is green and the ecology is restored. Both sides of the river have also become a good place for citizens to relax after dinner.

　　There is also Chaohu Lake. As one of the five largest freshwater lakes in China, in recent years, the restoration and protection of ecological wetlands and the control of point source pollution in Chaohu Lake have achieved remarkable results. Song Guoquan, member of the Standing Committee of Anhui Provincial Party Committee and secretary of Hefei Municipal Party Committee, told the reporter that the comprehensive management of Chaohu Lake has achieved important phased results by improving the ideological position, delineating the red line of ecological protection and strengthening scientific protection. Nowadays, every weekend or holiday, the tourist avenue around the lake and the wetland forest park are full of tourists.

　　In order to protect the mighty eastward flow of one river and clear water, Anhui Province has done a lot of articles around the word "water": promoting water pollution control, strengthening water ecological restoration and comprehensively protecting water resources. Strengthen the pollution prevention and control of chemical enterprises, promote the remediation of urban black and odorous water bodies, and strengthen the remediation of rural agricultural non-point source pollution; Promote the standardization of ship types in the province, dismantle and reform more than 2,000 old transport ships, and transform more than 4,000 ships with substandard domestic sewage discharge; Delineate the red line of water resources development and utilization … …

　　Implementing comprehensive improvement and returning shoreline to green

　　Looking up at the mighty Yangtze River and looking down at thousands of books, where can I find such a pleasant reading experience? On the banks of the Yangtze River in Tongling City, there is a steel glass book bar combining primitive simplicity with modern elements. Walking into it, all kinds of books are neatly arranged, which is in the summer vacation and full of primary and secondary school students who are reading.

　　Who would have thought that the location of such a beautiful, warm and elegant book bar was originally a messy small pier. Wu Qiang, deputy mayor of Tongling City, told the reporter that there were many small docks and small black sand processing plants along the river bank of Tongling, with a lot of garbage and dust, and there were still great security risks. After continuous comprehensive improvement, the coastline of the Yangtze River in Tongling is now beautiful and green, and the life of Tongling citizens has changed from "you can’t see the river with the river" to "you can see the river with the river".

　　In recent years, Anhui has continued to carry out special rectification actions for illegal docks and illegal sand mining along the Yangtze River. According to the data of Anhui Provincial Development and Reform Commission, by the end of last year, 234 illegal docks had all been demolished, and all the ecological greening was completed in January this year.

　　There used to be more than 80 illegal docks along the coastline of Maanshan section of the Yangtze River. In 2017, Maanshan started the special rectification of illegal and unlicensed docks. Up to now, more than 80 illegal docks have all been demolished, and about 10 kilometers of shoreline resources and 1,000 mu of beach and rear land have been cleared.

　　Accelerate transformation and upgrading to promote industrial optimization

　　Walking into the factory of Anhui Shengao Chemical Technology Co., Ltd., surrounded by green trees and blooming flowers, it is by no means a chemical enterprise in the traditional impression. Li Shiwu, general manager of Shengao Chemical, said that in recent years, the company has continuously increased investment in environmental protection, carried out product process innovation, and cooperated with the green recycling economy of the coking plant across the road: the steam and coke oven gas generated in the production process of the coking plant were previously discharged in vain, and now Shengao Chemical is used through pipelines, which not only saves energy, but also reduces pollutant emissions.

　　In recent years, Anhui has carried out different types of national circular economy pilot demonstration, and promoted the recycling transformation of various industrial parks such as chemical industry and light industry, built a circular economy industrial chain, and improved the resource output rate. "The protection and development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt should persist in innovation and adjust the industrial structure. In recent years, Hefei has continuously promoted scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, including major scientific installations, original and subversive research results, and is currently building a comprehensive national science center in Hefei. " Song Guoquan said.

　　According to reports, in recent years, Anhui has continuously strengthened the capacity building of independent innovation, accelerated the construction of Hefei’s comprehensive national science center, planned to build Hefei Binhu Science City, further promoted the construction of Hefei-Wuhu-Bengbu National Independent Innovation Demonstration Zone, and accelerated industrial transformation and upgrading, and successively carried out the construction of 24 strategic emerging industries gathering and development bases such as electronic information, new energy vehicles and smart home appliances.

　　Transforming old and new kinetic energy to build a beautiful home together

　　Grasping great protection together requires all parties to form a joint force. In recent years, Anhui has fully implemented the "river length system" and "lake length system", and the four-level river length system of provinces, cities, counties and townships has been established. Since last year, Anhui has also piloted the "forest management system" to provide a more complete institutional guarantee for building a green Jianghuai beautiful home.

　　All localities and departments have also taken active actions. Recently, the People’s Procuratorate of Anhui Province issued the Opinions on Strengthening Procuratorial Supervision in Promoting the Ecological Priority and Green Development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt in Anhui Province, emphasizing the comprehensive use of legal supervision means such as investigation supervision, trial supervision and public interest litigation to strengthen the rectification and restoration of the Yangtze River Basin, and orderly carry out "small special" activities such as cracking down on illegal dumping of solid waste, polluting water bodies and illegal sand mining along the coastline. Since the beginning of this year, Anhui Province has carried out special rectification on the prominent pollution problems in the Anhui section of the Yangtze River. By the end of May, 1,719 solid waste-related problems have been identified and 1,644 have been rectified.

　　Recently, Anhui Province issued the "Implementation Opinions on Building the Beautiful Yangtze River (Anhui) Economic Belt in an All-round Way", proposing that by 2020, the construction of the beautiful Yangtze River (Anhui) Economic Belt will make substantial progress, the water ecological environment quality will be significantly improved, the shoreline resources will be effectively protected and rationally utilized, the new and old kinetic energy will be accelerated, and the industrial structure will be obviously optimized.

Original Shangliu Studio Netease Shangliu

It’s never an alarm clock or a dream to wake the gentleman up, but the sound of "pa …… pa … pa" comes from the small park downstairs on time every day. Don’t think wrong, I’m talking about the whipping sound of the park uncle.

Maybe your impression of Grandpa Park is still stuck in waving his hands and gesticulating with Tai Ji Chuan, or bumping into a tree without a word, but in fact, the uncles have already played Strafe.

Bend your waist, get angry, shake your wrist, whip and smack!

If AJ is a sharp weapon for bar hipsters to pick up girls, then this action of dumping Strafe is the only way for park grandfathers to return to youth and win their aunt’s eyes. The weak life lasts for three seconds instantly.

It is said that men are addicted to military weapons because weapons are an extension of men’s penis.

The children who set off the cannon proved their heroism in the explosion of confetti, blue smoke and guns, even though they were powerless.

This tried-and-true method has also been awakened from the memory of the aging grandfathers. Of course, setting off firecrackers is illegal in some places, but the sound of whips is comparable to firecrackers.

With the help of whipping, grandfathers can also look for the lost glory, and whipping is the last aphrodisiac for the old guns who are not satisfied with the old age.

Imagine, when you pass by a park or a small forest on a dark night, suddenly your back is cold, followed by a loud explosion, and countless sound fragments split the wind, swishing past your ears, leaving tinnitus bursts.

At first glance, I thought it was thunder, but when I looked intently, it turned out that an uncle was swinging his whip in the street with his head held high, his wrist shook and his whip snapped.

I can’t beat it, but I dare to make a detour when I hit it, and I am afraid that a few meters long whip will be drawn on me.

In order to prove that this is not my personal fear, Shangjun interviewed a wave of people on the spot-

"The last time I was almost swept by the uncle’s whip in the community, it was really a little bit. The wind brought by the whip tip was close to my face and I almost peed."

"Let’s just say that the lawn in the small park has never been mowed properly since there was a whip. After all, it was bald by the whip."

"I just want to know if the sound of grandpa’s whip can overwhelm aunt’s square dance horn?"

△ Whipping a whip instead of firecrackers is good, festive and environmentally friendly, but it costs a little.

In fact, people’s discovery of the whip ring was not in the current residential areas and parks, but as early as the Qing Dynasty, and it was clearly understood and applied to the imperial court. This is the static whip.

The Journey to the West’s tenth reply: "The static whip rings three times, and the clothes are crowned." Whip a few times at the early court to show silence, and the princes in purple robes should tidy up their clothes and pay homage to the emperor.

In the TV series "Yongzheng Dynasty", there is a scene in which a eunuch throws a whip in front of the Ganqing Palace, and the penetrating whip sounds around the splendid palace.

Not all weapons can send out the penetrating power of whips, which is the attraction of whipping.

As early as one hundred years ago, curious people looked for the principle of whip sound:

When the whip-wielding hand suddenly stops, according to the law of conservation of energy in high school textbooks, the kinetic energy of the whip still exists, and it will be transmitted from the place where it is held to the tip of the whip, and the speed will be from slow to extremely fast because the mass is smaller as the whip tip goes further.

When the speed of whip tip reaches the speed of sound, compressed air will be generated, resulting in sonic boom.

"pa!"

It is said that if you want to find the excitement of the same sonic boom, you can only go to see the supersonic plane.

Is that a whip? This is a supersonic plane!

Naturally, it is understandable why park grandfathers are so keen on Strafe.

Imagine that a loud bang rippled away in the park, and all the people within 50 meters of Fiona Fang were startled by the sound, and no one dared to approach within 10 meters, which was a sense of sight for a total annihilation. In this situation, no matter how weak people are, they can support themselves for three seconds.

As long as the uncle doesn’t meet another uncle who throws a whip.

No one has studied the difference between the dance style of the square dance aunt under the arch wall of Yaohan in Lujiazui and the dance style at the entrance of the supermarket in the fifth and sixth line town. Maybe the aunt doesn’t care at all.

But you can’t say that the grandfather who whips in the park is also indiscriminate.

Uncle have no martial ethics will definitely scold you. After all, they think they are all orthodox martial arts people.

With the spread of short videos, the major whipping sects ignited a spark on the earth and blossomed everywhere.

At this time, anyone who said that Chinese had no imagination and creativity should slap his mouth with guilt when he saw the name of the whip school.

Whip is an unexpected and small branch of China’s cold weapons, but this branch is now thriving in China Park-

Yang Dequan, an old comrade in Dalian, created a "free and unfettered whip" on the basis of traditional whipping methods such as Tongbei Whip, Luohan Whip, Four-door Eight-step Whip, Competition Whip and Plum Blossom Whip.

Mei Chaofeng’s "dragon whip method" has also been made superb by young people in Hunan.

△ Even the young man began to practice whipping | Source: Nice video

In addition, there is a "whip that kills and chases souls."

Shangjunjun thought it was a sect that was pulled out by hard work, but later I found out that I was wrong. The master wrote a two-thousand-word essay introduction: impermanence has two meanings. First, it is fast, changeable and unpredictable; Second, this whip is cruel and spicy, and gangsters will see impermanence when they meet, so it is called killing.

Yes, not only killing people, but also chasing souls.

In Shaanxi, in the intangible story of Huayin in Shaanxi, "Huashan Whipping" was named the third batch of intangible cultural heritage list in huayin city in 2015.

When the whip came to Shanxi, it was natural to have something to do with Guan Gong who came out of Shanxi. No matter what weapon Guan Gong used, Guan Gong was going to speak for the whip in Shanxi at the moment-"Guan Gong’s dragon and phoenix whip".

Among all the whips, only the "unicorn whip", which came out from the northeast and evolved from the driving whip often used by horse racing teams in the last century, temporarily broke through the group in regional parks and was loved by grandfathers in other regions.

In a word, at one time, whip martial arts blossomed more on the land of China.

At present, the popular whip on the market is mainly composed of three parts: stainless steel chain+woolen hemp whip+woolen strip. It is said that there are also special training courses on the market to teach technical whipping, just to let the grandfathers "be king with one fling" in the park.

Of course, the flourishing scene everywhere is like the three thousand beauties in the harem, which is all loves to outsiders who have nothing to do with themselves, but the three thousand beauties who are insiders can’t avoid embarking on the road of competing for beauty, and the involution must be rolled.

It is difficult to accommodate two tigers in one mountain, and two whip kings are not allowed in a park.

This is the best time and the worst time for whipping.

Fortunately, the park is their martial arts training room, and the Internet is their megaphone. Therefore, the whip kings are glaring in the camera, and they are always excited, hehehehehehe, looking for families for the growth of the sect.

"Thank you for your praise, and thank you for your attention."

But this is also the worst time. If we say that there is no clear standard for the flower work of unicorn whip, but when it comes to heavy whip, the standard is clearly visible: the weight of whip determines the level of whip king.

In 2013, Xi Chengyi made a blockbuster by waving Strafe, which weighed 50 Jin, and was named "China Whip King".

Today, short videos speed up the flow of information, and anyone who calls himself "China Whip King" will have a thorough display of the dialogue from a distance and break heads with each other.

The internet has forced the whip kings to roll.

Once the "China Whip King", it also continued to overweight. In five years, the whip gained seven times and began to challenge the 412 kg whip.

Today, iron whip, who weighs 365 Jin and is 36 meters long, only dares to call himself "King of Yuzhou Whip". No one knows how old Yuzhou is, so it is no longer harsh.

Strafe, an elder brother in Henan, waving a 200-pound Strafe, can only wander around the temple fair in henan village, wearing three village medals.

The results are not easy to get, and the cost is becoming more and more amazing.

Guo Ge of Qingdao has increased from a few kilograms of iron whip to 45 kilograms now. He owns nine iron whip, and it has cost tens of thousands of yuan to modify and customize.

What’s more, this 412-pound steel dragon whip seems to have real money to be the king of whip.

It suddenly occurred to me that the pride of the old master, "Desperate for the soul and impermanent whip": Friend, when you throw out a set of whipping methods, it is the end of gangsters!

But what Lao shifu didn’t expect was that the glory of martial arts in the past would eventually face another dilemma of real civilization:

Doing chivalrous deeds and throwing out a set of whipping methods is noisy and polluting.

The sonic boom produced by whipping is more than twice the standard value of noise, which is easy to cause hearing loss and can lead to tinnitus in children.

The chicken thief said happily that this can be used as a reference for the whip king. Iron whip, which has not been complained by 100 residents, has the nerve to be called "King of Whips"?

Naturally, this method is indispensable for neighbors to complain at home. Old comrades play their wit behind the ears and sincerely ask: What Strafe? Throw steel. What? What whip?

Guo Ge, who has nine whips, told Qingdao Morning Post that he had been driving a carriage and ox cart for eight years when he was in the Inner Mongolia Construction Corps. At that time, the whip was very slippery, and after returning to Qingdao, he did not adapt and suffered from depression.

However, the residents of the community have been screaming for a long time.

Perhaps when we saw this tweet, some residents had pressed the 12319 noise complaint phone to complain about the whip kings.

The gentleman here strongly suggests, grandfathers, please don’t base your support on disturbing others’ spring dreams. After all, whose "pa-pa-pa" is not worth cherishing.

Author | Bit Bright

Original title: "Is the whip really the last aphrodisiac of Grandpa Park? 》

Read the original text

　　Cctv newsAccording to the statistics of the Philippine Ministry of Health, from January 1 to July 20 this year, more than 146,000 people in the Philippines were confirmed to be infected with dengue fever, which was 98% higher than the same period in 2018. With the rainy season coming, the number of cases infected with dengue fever will further increase. The Philippine Ministry of Health said that they have cooperated with the National Disaster Reduction Risk Management Committee, the Ministry of Civil Defence, the Ministry of Education and other departments to take various measures to jointly deal with the epidemic.

　　At present, the Philippine Ministry of Health is strengthening cooperation with the Ministry of Education and taking various measures to strengthen the protection of students on campus, including removing harmful water sources and spraying mosquito-killing drugs. At the same time, teachers and parents are urged to send students to hospital for treatment in time if they find that they have a fever for 3 to 4 days.

　　In addition, the Philippine Ministry of Health has also cooperated with the National Disaster Reduction Risk Management Committee, the Civil Defence Department and the police department to take various measures to jointly deal with the epidemic situation and ensure that the prevention and control work can be effectively carried out in national departments and local communities.

　　Dengue fever is an acute mosquito-borne infectious disease, which is mainly prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions. Typical symptoms include persistent fever, headache, muscle pain, joint pain, etc., and can be fatal in severe cases. On the 6th of this month, the Philippine Ministry of Health announced that the country had entered an outbreak of dengue fever.

　　Send more specialist hospitals to step up the response.

　　At present, the Philippine government is stepping up its response to the dengue fever epidemic. A few days ago, CCTV reporters were allowed to enter two hospitals in the capital Manila for interviews and filming.

　　The Philippine Children’s Medical Center has now treated 10 patients with dengue fever. According to the degree of illness, 10 patients were arranged to receive treatment in several wards of the hospital.

　　And in another — — Lim, a child infectious disease expert at the Philippine General Hospital, told reporters that children aged 5 to 9 are more susceptible to dengue fever because of their weak resistance, and the mortality rate is also high. As the whole country of the Philippines has entered an outbreak of dengue fever, it seems that people of any age may be infected with this disease.

　　In order to cope with the increasingly severe epidemic situation, Philippine medical institutions have newly sent dengue fever experts in outpatient and emergency rooms, and at the same time adopted a graded diagnosis and treatment mechanism to send patients to different hospitals for corresponding diagnosis and treatment according to the severity of the disease.

　　With the arrival of the rainy season, the dengue fever epidemic in the Philippines will become more severe. Doctors advise people to use anti-mosquito drugs and not to drink unclean water. If you have a fever, you must seek medical attention in time to avoid delaying treatment.

CCTV News:Today (June 25th), the world’s largest and highest water and light complementary project — — The first-phase photovoltaic power station in Kela was officially put into operation to generate electricity, which is the first time to raise the global scale of "water-light complementarity" to million kilowatts, and explore a new way for the integrated development of water and scenery all over the world. In the future, through linkage with Lianghekou Hydropower Station, the power station will continuously send stable electric energy to Sichuan and Chongqing.

The first-phase photovoltaic power station of Kela is located in Yajiang County, Ganzi Prefecture, Sichuan Province, with an installed capacity of 1 million kilowatts. It is the first-phase project of "Water and Light Complementation" of Lianghekou Hydropower Station in Yalong River. The highest altitude of the site is 4600 meters, which is also the highest water and light complementary project in the world.

Water-light complementarity is to connect photovoltaic to hydropower station and use hydropower to adjust the fluctuation of photovoltaic power generation. Take Kela Photovoltaic as an example. When the light is good and the photovoltaic power station has strong power generation capacity, Lianghekou Hydropower Station will reduce power generation and store water. When the photovoltaic power generation capacity is weakened due to cloudy and rainfall factors, Lianghekou Hydropower Station draws water to generate electricity and increase hydropower output. Through the linkage of the two, the power station can output safer and more stable electric energy, and solve the problem of photovoltaic power generation "depending on the weather".

Yang Zhiwei, Project Manager of Guotou Yalong River Hydropower Kela Hydro-Photovoltaic Complementary Power Station:The average annual output of Kela Power Station is 2 billion kWh, which can supply electricity to more than 700,000 households for one year. These clean electric energy can save over 600,000 tons of coal and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by over 1.6 million tons every year.

The first phase photovoltaic power station in Kela is an important part of the clean energy base in Yalong River Basin. At present, the production scale of the base has exceeded 20 million kilowatts. It is estimated that by 2030, the total scale of clean energy base in Yalong River Basin will reach about 50 million kilowatts.

　　Zhongxin Jingwei Client September 16 (Feng Fang) Recently, many places have successively issued new provident fund policies, stipulating that real estate development enterprises shall not restrict, obstruct or refuse buyers to use housing provident fund loans by raising housing sales prices and reducing price discounts. This is one of the illegal acts of real estate development enterprises that are mainly rectified by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and other seven departments.

　　On June 28th, seven departments, including the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, jointly issued the "Notice on Launching Special Actions in Some Cities to Combat Illegal Acts against the Interests of the Masses and Control the Chaos in the Real Estate Market", which focused on six kinds of illegal acts of real estate development enterprises, including restricting, obstructing and refusing buyers to use housing provident fund loans or mortgage loans.

　　1 province and 9 cities responded within 80 days.

　　According to the incomplete statistics of the Sino-Singapore Jingwei client (WeChat WeChat official account: jwview), since the announcement of the notice on June 28th, nine cities including Xinxiang, Foshan, Chengdu, Urumqi, Yichang, Beijing, Zhengzhou, Luoyang and Nanjing, as well as Hunan Province, have successively issued new provident fund policies, specifically to rectify the illegal behaviors of housing enterprises refusing to purchase houses with provident fund loans in disguise.

　　Hunan, Nanjing, Foshan and other places have issued corresponding plans or measures to crack down on the illegal acts of the above-mentioned housing enterprises. On September 12, the Interim Measures for the Administration of Serious Dishonest List of Real Estate Market Operators in Hunan Province was promulgated, which stipulated that if real estate enterprises restrict, obstruct or refuse to use housing provident fund loans or mortgage loans, they will be blacklisted by real estate authorities at or above the county level.

　　On August 15th, Yichang Housing Provident Fund Management Center held a special office meeting to arrange the deployment center to carry out the special rectification action of "restricting, refusing and obstructing the use of provident fund loans by buyers".

　　In addition, Beijing, Chengdu, Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Xinxiang, Urumqi and other cities have issued notices or announcements respectively, stipulating that housing companies and intermediaries shall not restrict, obstruct or refuse buyers to use housing provident fund loans by raising housing sales prices and reducing price discounts. Chengdu Housing Provident Fund Management Center said on August 13th that it will focus on rectifying the illegal behaviors of development enterprises that restrict, obstruct and refuse the use of provident fund loans by employees who purchase houses through on-site inspections, unannounced visits and key spot checks.

　　However, this is not the first time that the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and other relevant departments have mentioned safeguarding the rights and interests of provident fund housing loans.

　　On December 26th, 2017, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Ministry of Finance, the Bank of China, and the Ministry of Land and Resources jointly issued the Notice on Safeguarding the Rights and Interests of Housing Provident Fund Deposited in Employees’ Housing Loans, demanding that real estate development enterprises and sales intermediaries that restrict, obstruct or refuse employees to use housing provident fund loans to purchase houses be ordered to rectify. If the violation is serious and refuses to be rectified, it should be publicly exposed and incorporated into the enterprise credit information system, and it should be dealt with seriously according to law.

　　Since then, various localities have issued documents to regulate the use of housing provident fund loans to purchase houses in commercial housing sales and safeguard the rights and interests of employees who have paid provident fund. According to the preliminary statistics of the Sino-Singapore Jingwei client (WeChat WeChat official account: jwview), Hainan, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Wuhan, Hangzhou, Xi ‘an, Taiyuan, Lanzhou, Suzhou, Foshan and other 20 leeways have publicly stated that they have ordered the housing enterprises and intermediary agencies that restrict, obstruct or refuse employees to use housing provident fund loans to purchase houses to rectify.

　　"Blackout", fine! Multi-measures to contain violations of housing enterprises

　　According to Xinhua News Agency on April 2, after the notice was issued in December last year, some developers in Shanghai, Guangdong, Fujian and other places still refused provident fund loans in disguise by setting the proportion of subscription funds, the payment period and refusing portfolio loans, which harmed the rights and interests of buyers.

　　Zhang Bo, chief analyst of Anjuke Real Estate Research Institute, said that the slow payment rate is the main reason why developers exclude buyers from using provident fund loans. The complicated process of provident fund loans and the long loan period lead to the decline of enterprise capital turnover rate, and the pursuit of high turnover housing enterprises will have resistance to provident fund loans.

　　Zhang Bo also said that it is often necessary to cooperate with banks in the development of housing enterprises. One of the conditions for many banks to agree to lend is to obtain a large number of high-quality mortgage customers, which is also a reason why developers refuse provident fund loans.

　　Yan Yuejin, director of the think tank research center of Shanghai Yiju Research Institute, believes that due to the tightening of commercial loans, the support for the withdrawal of provident fund can effectively protect renters, the reasonable need to buy a house and the improved demand, and the follow-up should also work hard to implement the policy link.

　　On August 17th, Beijing Housing Provident Fund Management Center stated in the Notice on Further Safeguarding the Rights and Interests of Housing Provident Fund Deposited into Employees’ Housing Loans that the refusal or disguised refusal of housing provident fund loans should be ordered to rectify; Those who refuse to rectify should be publicly exposed. All departments should share the exposure when they break their promises to illegal enterprises or individuals, so that one place is broken and illegal, and it is blocked everywhere.

　　On August 21st, Zhengzhou Municipal People’s Government issued the Notice on Investigating and Punishing Illegal Pre-sale of Commercial Houses according to Law, requiring real estate enterprises to post a written commitment not to refuse buyers to use housing provident fund loans in a prominent position in the sales department after obtaining the Pre-sale Permit of Commercial Houses. Illegal enterprises shall be publicly exposed by the municipal housing provident fund management center, investigated and dealt with by relevant departments according to law, and recorded in enterprise credit files.

　　Nanjing Housing Provident Fund Management Center issued the Measures for the Administration of Housing Provident Fund Mortgage Agreement in Nanjing on September 11th, requiring developers to sign the Nanjing Housing Provident Fund Loan Mortgage Agreement with Nanjing Housing Provident Fund Management Center. Those who refuse or obstruct the purchase of houses with provident fund loans shall be ordered to make rectification; If no rectification is made within the time limit, a fine of not less than 3,000 yuan but not more than 30,000 yuan may be imposed on the unit, and a fine of not less than 200 yuan but not more than 2,000 yuan may be imposed on the person in charge who is directly responsible.

　　Urumqi Housing Provident Fund Management Center published an article entitled "Urumqi Housing Provident Fund Management Center and other five departments jointly act to resolutely safeguard the rights and interests of paid employees’ housing loans" on August 15. According to the article, if there are any violations such as asking buyers to give up their housing provident fund loan rights or adding other restrictions and additional conditions, Or the housing enterprises that have not signed the housing provident fund mortgage loan agreement with Urumqi Housing Provident Fund Management Center within the specified time, and refuse to rectify, will be publicly exposed and taken disciplinary measures such as suspending online signing, suspending the pre-sale fund supervision account fund allocation, and incorporating it into the enterprise credit information system.

　　Zhang Bo believes that to solve the problem of housing enterprises refusing provident fund loans, it is necessary to "block" and "sparse". On the one hand, it is necessary to increase the penalties for developers to refuse provident fund loans, on the other hand, it is necessary to further lower the operating threshold of provident fund loans themselves, simplify the process of provident fund loans, and shorten the time for provident fund loans.

　　The notice issued in December last year pointed out that the housing provident fund management center and the entrusted banks should standardize the loan business process, reduce the examination and approval links and shorten the examination and approval time limit. Complete the examination and approval within 10 working days from the date of accepting the loan application. If the loan is granted, notify the entrusted bank to handle the loan procedures; If the loan is not granted, the reasons shall be explained. (Zhongxin Jingwei APP)

Special feature of 1905 film network The mystery of Chinese treasures can be described as confusing.

The secrets hidden for five thousand years have brought continuous inspiration to domestic treasure-hunting movies.

Last week (April 10-16), the film channel continuously broadcast a series of milestone works in the history of adventure movies, as well as many domestic treasure-winning movies, which were warmly welcomed by the audience.

This week (April 17th to 23rd), we will continue to explore the secrets of Chinese treasures.

The film released in 1981 is of milestone significance in the history of domestic films.

It not only broke the single expression form of domestic films at that time, but also achieved the "zero breakthrough" of the new China Kung Fu films. It also made outstanding contributions to the earliest business model of China films, which combined martial arts, suspense and scenery, and profoundly influenced similar films in the future.

At that time, The Mysterious Giant Buddha was a luxurious configuration.　

Playing the heroine Meng Jie was the most loved by the audience that year; Playing the villain Sha Dui witnessed the growth of China’s films; Master Haineng was played by the first batch of performing artists in China.

The beautiful scenery of Emei and Leshan Giant Buddha, which appeared in a large number in the film, let us see the great rivers, mountains and cultural treasures of the motherland, and at the same time promote this Millennium Leshan Giant Buddha to the whole world.

Similarly, movies starring in the early days also show the great rivers and mountains of the motherland in the Indiana Jones adventure movies.

With the battle for the treasure "Heart of Dunhuang" unfolding, the film not only shows us the thrilling fighting scene of Yang Ziqiong, but also lets us see the beautiful scenery of Tibet Plateau, the ancient civilization of Dunhuang and the elegant demeanor of Yadan landform with the development of the story.

Action drama is an indispensable element in the film. Even The Mysterious Giant Buddha, like The Legend of the Heavenly Vein, represents the technical level at that time in the design of action drama.

In "Mysterious Buddha", the design of martial arts fighting is more inclined to actual combat, with one move, one style and one board, and different martial arts styles have mushroomed in subsequent films.

When it comes to martial arts stars, you can’t get around it.

In this week’s blockbuster movie, Jackie Chan, who was nearly 60 years old at the time of shooting, continued the extreme action style of his previous movies.

Gunfire chasing, umbrella falling in the mountains, car chasing by the side of the road, slide fighting, falling volcano … …

Under the thrilling action drama of special effects blessing, "Chinese Zodiac" shows us the patriotism that is not easy to find the animal head of the Chinese Zodiac and will never go out.

Special effects can contribute to the wonderful degree of action drama, and also create fantastic unknown images.

In this week’s fantasy adventure action movie, the most eye-catching thing is undoubtedly the China Dragon, which was built at a great expense.

A world-class visual effects and post-production team famous for its participation in the production of Harry Potter series, The Lord of the Rings and other magical masterpieces — — The China Shenlong, which RSP Special Effects Company spent two years carefully building, is vivid and contains the charm of ancient China myths.

This first film co-produced by China and China shows China culture and China elements to the world through Kung Fu and loong.

There are stories of treasure capture, and naturally there are stories of treasure identification.

Based on the novel of the same name, the film tells the story of the protagonist’s three generations’ efforts to protect the Buddha’s head of the national treasure and promote its return to China.

Jianbao pays more attention to the display of literary drama and tests the acting skills of actors.

The grandfather he played was expensive to deliver. When he came out, he felt full of comedy, seemingly afraid of death and selfish, but it was touching to take responsibility at the critical moment.

The wish played seems to be casual, but in fact, the heart is like a mirror, and complex psychological changes are hidden in it.

The yellow smoke plays a vital role in the team, and with fierce skill, he can always stand up in a critical moment and save the day.

In the overall situation, everyone is in the game, and the superb acting skills of the actors firmly grasp the hearts of the audience.

The surface of Antique close encounter of mahjong is to identify the authenticity of antiques, but the core reflects the complexity of human nature.

The antique Jianghu in the film is full of dangers, but the multi-faceted people are the real "close encounter of mahjong".

Similarly, human nature is regarded as the core soul of the film, and there are films that tell the story of cracking the theft of national treasures with multi-line fragmentation narrative strategy.

In the gripping case, the director did not focus on the "breaking the cocoon" of the police, but put the multiple dilemmas faced by the characters in front of us.

With the switching of light and shadow, the advancement of the lens, the snooping of the perspective, and the advancement of the plot, the depth of human nature is dissected silently.

Not all the films that win the treasure strive for novelty, but there are also films that have left great love.

In those days, before the fashion, he wrote a legendary love that spanned three generations through "crossing" and "robbing tombs".

Under the masterstroke of Li Bihua, a famous novelist and screenwriter in the 1990s, the film "The Love of the Ancient and the Modern Warrior" adapted from his novel "The Warrior of the Qin Dynasty" made Meng Tianfang realize "crossing", while Han Donger borrowed the setting of "reincarnation" to start a three-world love affair for us that spanned the ancient, the modern and the present.

"Write my poems with strong feelings, so that all generations will know my heart, and you will know your heart for thousands of years, sharing weal and woe."

Under the rendering of the theme song "Burning the Heart with Fire", the love story of Sansheng Sanshi is on and off, which makes people intoxicated and hard to extricate themselves.

Chinese treasures, look at the spring and autumn.

From April 17th, the movie channel will broadcast a domestic treasure-hunting movie for you every day, and follow these adventure kings to explore the mystery of Chinese treasures!

Hot news, the first batch in China! Many places in Tibet have been selected. The focus of Tibet’s work will be finalized next year! 9 Posters Take You to Read → The Fifth Plenary Session of the Tenth Xizang Autonomous Region Party Committee and the Economic Work Conference of the District Party Committee were held in Lhasa, and the national public security organs severely cracked down on rectifying online rumors and crimes according to law.

The Party Committee of the Ministry of Public Security decided to take 2024 as the special action year to crack down on online rumors.

In recent years, under the background of the rapid development of Internet technology and industry, stimulated by "flow economy", the content breadth, spread speed, update frequency, influence range and social harmfulness of online rumors have been significantly enhanced.

The reporter learned from the press conference of the Ministry of Public Security held on the 22nd that the Party Committee of the Ministry of Public Security decided to take 2024 as the year of special action to crack down on online rumors, and deployed public security organs across the country to carry out a one-year special action, promoting prevention, control and integration, and continuously increasing the crackdown on the whole chain, platform and field.

According to reports, the Party Committee of the Ministry of Public Security has always attached great importance to the governance of cyberspace, deployed public security organs across the country to incorporate the crackdown and rectification of online rumors and criminal activities into the "Net Net" special action, organized the "100-day rumor-fighting" special action, arrested a number of criminals with bad nature, closed a number of key accounts for rumors and rumors, and rectified a number of Internet platform enterprises, which effectively purified the network ecology and achieved remarkable results.

More than 4,800 online rumor cases were investigated, and 34,000 illegal and illegal accounts were shut down.

Internet rumors and false information seriously disrupt social public order and infringe on the legitimate rights and interests of citizens.

In 2023, relying on the special action of "Net Net 2023", public security organs all over the country took online rumors as one of the "network chaos" focused on cracking down on rectification, promptly found clues to investigate and deal with rumors spread by hot-spot public opinion events, resolutely rectified self-media operators who concocted rumors, sucked powder and drained them, and made illegal profits, and severely cracked down on illegal and criminal activities such as fabricating false alarms, epidemics, dangerous situations and disasters.

From April to July this year, the Ministry of Public Security organized public security organs across the country to carry out a 100-day special campaign to crack down on online rumors and achieved good results. Up to now, public security organs across the country have investigated more than 4,800 cases of online rumors, investigated and dealt with more than 6,300 rumors and rumors, and shut down 34,000 illegal and illegal accounts according to law.

According to the relevant person in charge of the Network Security Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security, the "100-day rumor-fighting" special campaign focused on solving outstanding problems such as frequent online rumors and disturbing the order of cyberspace, and insisted on combining crackdown according to law with comprehensive rectification, mainly in four aspects.

-The public security organs have established a long-term cooperation mechanism with the departments of network information, industrial information, emergency management, market supervision, etc., and the police of economic investigation, criminal investigation and network security have made concerted efforts to promote the formation of an inter-departmental and all-round comprehensive three-dimensional crackdown and rectification system.

—— Insist on promoting management by fighting, and guide grassroots case-handling units to deepen and penetrate according to law through measures such as project listing supervision and case guidance and dispatch. Through scale attack, similar case attack and ecological attack, it provides a starting point for administrative management, law enforcement and comprehensive management.

—— Based on the principle of "fighting gangs, chains, ecology, digging behind the scenes, digging gold owners and digging assets", we will thoroughly penetrate the operating ecology of the industry and continuously improve the ability to crack down on online rumor cases and ecological attacks.

—— Explore and improve the whole process of dealing with online rumors, such as cracking down on investigation, dispelling rumors, and comprehensive rectification, enhance the ability of comprehensive crackdown and rectification, and promote the long-term comprehensive management of online public opinion ecology.

After the crackdown and rectification, online rumors and crimes have been curbed to a certain extent. However, online rumors are hard to stop, and there have been new vicious rumors recently, which have seriously disrupted social order and affected people’s sense of security.

To this end, the Party Committee of the Ministry of Public Security decided to take 2024 as the special action year to crack down on online rumors, deploy public security organs across the country to carry out a one-year special action, promote the integration of prevention, control and control, and continue to intensify the crackdown on the whole chain, platform and field, faithfully fulfilling the sacred duty of safeguarding national security and social stability and protecting people’s happiness and tranquility.

Strengthen the source management, and beat and rectify various website platforms for 12,000 times.

In recent years, some website platforms have failed to implement the main responsibility of network security in order to maintain the "traffic fever" or have management loopholes, resulting in the widespread spread of network rumors.

It is very important to control network rumors and implement the main responsibility of enterprise platform. In the crackdown on online rumors, the public security organs continue to strengthen the comprehensive management and source management of various website platforms.

According to the relevant person in charge of the Network Security Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security, the public security organs insisted on promoting governance by cracking down, promoting management by cracking down, taking major online rumor cases as the starting point, and pulling the net to investigate the loopholes in website platforms, and investigated and dealt with a number of platforms that failed to fulfill their main responsibilities and obligations through warning, ordering rectification and fines. At the same time, the public security organs have continuously strengthened the supervision and inspection of Internet security. Up to now, 12,000 websites have been rectified.

On the other hand, the public security organs have made great efforts to guide large-scale key Internet enterprises to strengthen the propaganda of rumors, timely release the information of reprinting rumors, and jointly issue a proposal of "rejecting online rumors and clearing the network environment" with the public security organs, and strive to create a good network atmosphere.

According to reports, in order to further strengthen the main responsibility of the network platform, the public security organs will take a number of comprehensive management measures based on comprehensive supervision and administrative law enforcement functions, strengthen source governance, and compact the platform responsibility.

—— Take measures such as reminding, interviewing, and rectification within a time limit for online platforms with frequent incidents of online rumors, inadequate implementation of real-name registration system, and many product risk loopholes, and severely investigate and punish those who fail to rectify according to the law and regulations.

—— Fully mobilize Internet companies, industry associations, netizen volunteers, research institutes, etc. to participate in the management of online rumors and chaos, and promote the correction of the value orientation of "traffic is king" in the fields of media, e-commerce and entertainment.

-gradually explore the establishment of a blacklist system, and promote it from a single platform to multiple platforms and all platforms, and restrict those who spread rumors and rumors from engaging in the content production industry.

Actively carry out the publicity of popularizing the law, and have exposed more than 2,000 typical cases.

The public’s lack of awareness and vigilance about the illegality of online rumors is an important reason for the frequent occurrence of online rumors, and the popularization of law is an important part of strengthening the source management of online rumors.

In the action to crack down on online rumors, public security organs actively carried out publicity work to crack down on online rumors, carried out publicity work to popularize the law by relying on the police’s own media and the network police to inspect law enforcement accounts regularly, and comprehensively used various forms such as police briefings, press conferences, media reports, publishing typical cases, and offline publicity activities to continuously carry out rumor propaganda and popularization education.

Since the beginning of this year, more than 2,000 typical cases have been exposed, which has achieved the effect of interpreting the law by case. At the same time, local public security organs continue to publish and forward rumors propaganda articles, and have published more than 20,000 propaganda articles, creating a strong atmosphere in the whole society to combat and rectify online rumors.

According to reports, in 2024, the public security organs will rely on news media and online platforms to comprehensively use case analysis, expert opinions, special publicity and other forms to carry out online and offline publicity activities on various themes.

The relevant person in charge of the Network Security Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security reminded the public to improve the ability to identify and identify false information on the Internet, pay close attention to rumors in time, use various inquiry channels to verify in many ways, focus on authoritative information, standardize their online words and deeds, and refrain from making rumors, spreading rumors or believing rumors.

At the same time, the public security organs welcome the majority of netizens to actively report online rumors to the "Internet Crime Reporting Website" of the Ministry of Public Security. If citizens’ legitimate rights and interests are infringed by online rumors, they should keep relevant evidence at the first time, complain and report to the platform to block the spread of rumors, or safeguard their legitimate rights and interests through legal proceedings and other channels.

And this information is worthy of attention!

Original title: "Combating and rectifying online rumors, the Ministry of Public Security issued an important decision! 》

Read the original text

On January 25th, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment announced to the media the national surface water environmental quality in the fourth quarter of 2023 (October-December) and January-December.

I. General situation

In the fourth quarter, among the 3,641 national surface water assessment sections, the proportion of sections with excellent water quality (Class I-III) was 89.8%, up 0.2 percentage points year-on-year; The proportion of inferior V section was 0.8%, up 0.1 percentage points year-on-year. The main pollution indicators are chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus and permanganate index.

From January to December, among the surface water assessment sections in 3641 countries, the proportion of sections with excellent water quality (Class I-III) was 89.4%, up 1.5 percentage points year-on-year; The proportion of inferior V section was 0.7%, which was the same as that of the same period of last year. The main pollution indicators are chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus and permanganate index.

Figure 1 Proportion of surface water quality categories in China from January to December

Second, the water quality of major rivers

In the fourth quarter, the proportion of sections with excellent water quality (Class I-III) in seven major river basins, such as Yangtze River, Yellow River, Pearl River, Songhua River, Huaihe River, Haihe River and Liaohe River, and rivers in the northwest, southwest and Zhejiang and Fujian provinces was 92.1%, up by 0.2 percentage points year-on-year; The proportion of inferior V section was 0.6%, up 0.2 percentage points year-on-year. The main pollution indicators are chemical oxygen demand, permanganate index and five-day biochemical oxygen demand. Among them, the water quality of the Yangtze River basin, the northwest rivers, the Zhejiang-Fujian rivers, the southwest rivers, the Pearl River and the Yellow River basin is excellent; The water quality of Huaihe River, Haihe River, Liaohe River and Songhua River basins is good.

From January to December, the proportion of sections with excellent water quality (Class I-III) in seven major river basins, such as the Yangtze River, Yellow River, Pearl River, Songhua River, Huaihe River, Haihe River and Liaohe River, and rivers in the northwest, southwest and Zhejiang and Fujian provinces was 91.7%, up 1.5 percentage points year-on-year; The proportion of inferior V section was 0.4%, which was the same as that of the same period of last year. The main pollution indicators are chemical oxygen demand, permanganate index and five-day biochemical oxygen demand. Among them, the water quality of the Yangtze River basin, Zhejiang and Fujian rivers, northwest rivers, southwest rivers, Pearl River and Yellow River basins is excellent; The water quality of Huaihe River, Liaohe River and Haihe River basins is good; Songhua river basin is slightly polluted.

Figure 2 Proportion of water quality categories in seven major river basins, southwest and northwest rivers and rivers in Zhejiang and Fujian from January to December.

Iii. Water quality and nutritional status of key lakes (reservoirs)

In the fourth quarter, among the 208 key lakes (reservoirs) monitored, the number of lakes and reservoirs with excellent water quality (Class I-III) accounted for 76.4%, up 2.8 percentage points year-on-year; The number of lakes and reservoirs with inferior grade V water quality accounted for 3.8%, down 1.0 percentage points year-on-year. The main pollution indicators are total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand and permanganate index. Among the 201 lakes (reservoirs) whose nutritional status was monitored, 9 were moderately eutrophic, accounting for 4.5%; 46 were mildly eutrophic, accounting for 22.9%; The rest of the lakes (reservoirs) are in the state of medium nutrition or poor nutrition. Among them, Taihu Lake and Chaohu Lake are slightly polluted and slightly eutrophic, and the main pollution index is total phosphorus; Dianchi Lake is moderately polluted and moderately eutrophic, and the main pollution indexes are chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus and permanganate index. Both Erhai Lake and Baiyangdian Lake have good water quality and moderate nutrition. The water quality of Danjiangkou Reservoir is excellent and moderate.

From January to December, among the 209 key lakes (reservoirs) monitored, the number of lakes and reservoirs with excellent water quality (Class I-III) accounted for 74.6%, up 0.8 percentage points year-on-year; The number of lakes and reservoirs with inferior grade V water quality accounted for 4.8%, which was flat year-on-year. The main pollution indicators are total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand and permanganate index. Among the 205 lakes (reservoirs) monitoring the nutritional status, 8 are moderately eutrophic, accounting for 3.9%; 48 were mildly eutrophic, accounting for 23.4%; The rest of the lakes (reservoirs) are in the state of medium nutrition or poor nutrition. Among them, Taihu Lake and Chaohu Lake are slightly polluted and slightly eutrophic, and the main pollution index is total phosphorus; Dianchi Lake is slightly polluted and moderately eutrophic, and the main pollution indexes are chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus and permanganate index. Both Erhai Lake and Baiyangdian Lake have good water quality and moderate nutrition. The water quality of Danjiangkou Reservoir is excellent and moderate.

Table 1 Water Quality and Nutritional Status of Six Lakes (Reservoirs) from January to December

Fig. 3 Water quality and nutritional status of six lakes (reservoirs) from January to December.

Four, prefecture level and above cities national surface water assessment section ranking

From January to December, among the cities at the prefecture level and above in China, the water environmental quality of national surface water assessment sections in 30 cities such as Liuzhou, Lishui and Chongzuo was relatively good (from 1st to 30th), while the water environmental quality of national surface water assessment sections in 30 cities such as wujiaqu city, Shangqiu and Kaifeng was relatively poor (from 1st to 30th). See Table 1-2.

The changes of water environmental quality of national surface water assessment sections in 30 cities such as Shihezi, Baicheng and Lvliang are relatively good (from 1st to 30th), while the changes of water environmental quality of national surface water assessment sections in 30 cities such as Benxi, Ningbo and Changzhou are relatively poor (from 1st to 30th). See attached table 3-4.

Schedule 1

From January to December, 2023, the water environment quality of the national surface water assessment section ranked the top 30 cities and their water bodies.

Schedule 2

From January to December, 2023, the water environment quality of the national surface water assessment section ranked the last 30 cities and their water bodies.

Note: The water quality of the water body marked with * in the table meets Class I or Class II of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002)Ⅰ); There is serious human interference in the section of Liutuan Bridge in Bailang River, Weifang City, and the worst value substitution treatment is carried out for this section.

Schedule 3

From January to December, 2023, the changes of water environment quality in the national surface water assessment section ranked the top 30 cities and their water bodies.

Note: A negative value indicates that the environmental quality of surface water is getting better year-on-year, while a positive value indicates that it is getting worse year-on-year, the same below.

Schedule 4

From January to December, 2023, the changes of water environment quality in the national surface water assessment section ranked the last 30 cities and their water bodies.

Note: The water quality of the water body marked with * in the table meets Class I or Class II of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002)Ⅰ); There is serious human interference in the sections of Sunjiawan and Langhekou of Guanshan River in Shiyan City and Sizaopu Gate in Ningbo City, and the worst value substitution treatment is carried out for the above three sections.